scholarly journals Budidaya Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) pada Lahan Kering Menggunakan Irigasi Sprinkler pada berbagai Volume dan Frekuensi

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Rahmi Fauziah ◽  
Anas D. Susila ◽  
Eko Sulistyono
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Pressurized Irrigation ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Irrigation Volume

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p><br />Shallot is one of important commodity besides chili and potatoes. Shallot is cultivated on dry land. The dry land used in Indonesia is still relatively small, while the potential of this area is considered large for the development of agriculture. Pressurized irrigation system has the advantage of efficient use of water making it suitable to be applied on dry land. The study consisted of two experiments, the effect of irrigation volume and frequency of irrigation influence on the growth of shallot. The research was conducted at the Experimental Station Teaching Farm and Postharvest Laboratory Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University from October 2014 to April 2015. The research consisted of two experiments by using a Randomized Block Design with four replications. The treatment in the first experiment was percentage of the volume of irrigation water consisting of five levels (S100% ETc, S75% ETc, S50% ETc, S25% ETc (with sprinkler) and 100% ETc conventional (without sprinkler). The treatment in the second experiment was frequency of irrigation consisting of four levels (two times a day, once a day, once in two days one and once in three days). Results of the first experiment showed the plants could grow<br />and produced up to S25% ETc or 81.17% water available for evapotranspiration, but the best treatment was S100% ETc volume irrigation, based on yields. Watering with sprinkler irrigation provided better effect than manual watering which was usually done by farmers. The second eperiment showed that the best watering frequency for vegetative growth was once a day while for total yield was twice a day.</p><p>Key words: dryland, irrigation, shallot, sprinkler, total yield, vegetative growth,</p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p><br />Bawang merah salah satu komoditas unggulan nasional selain cabai dan kentang. Budidaya bawang merah umumnya dilakukan pada lahan kering dan membutuhkan irigasi. Sistem irigasi bertekanan memiliki keunggulan dalam efisiensi penggunaan air sehingga cocok untuk diterapkan<br />pada lahan kering. Penelitian terdiri atas dua percobaan, yaitu pengaruh volume irigasi dan pengaruh frekuensi irigasi terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi bawang merah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Teaching Farm dan Laboratorium Pascapanen Departemen Agronomi dan<br />Hortikultura, Institut Pertanian Bogor dari Oktober 2014 sampai April 2015. Penelitian terdiri atas dua percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan empat ulangan. Perlakuan pada percobaan 1 adalah persentase volume air irigasi terdiri atas 5 taraf (S100% ETc, S75% ETc, S50% ETc, S25% ETc (dengan sprinkler) dan konvensional 100% ETc (tanpa sprinkler), sedangkan perlakuan pada percobaan 2 adalah frekuensi irigasi terdiri atas 4 taraf yaitu dua kali sehari, satu kali sehari, dua hari sekali, tiga hari sekali. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan tanaman masih dapat tumbuh dan berproduksi sampai volume irigasi S25% ETc atau 81.17% air tesedia sudah dievapotranspirasikan oleh tanaman, tetapi perlakuan terbaik ialah volume irigasi S100% ETc berdasarkan bobot panen total. Penyiraman dengan irigasi sprinkler memberikan efek yang sama bahkan lebih baik dibanding penyiraman secara manual yang biasa dilakukan oleh petani. Frekuensi penyiraman terbaik untuk pertumbuhan vegetatif adalah satu kali sehari sementara untuk bobot panen total adalah dua kali sehari.</p><p>Kata kunci: bawang merah, hasil total, irigasi, lahan kering, pertumbuhan vegetatif, sprinkler</p>

scholarly journals Weed Management in Rice under Sprinkler and Flood Irrigation Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.B. HELGUEIRA ◽  
T. D’AVILA ROSA ◽  
L. GALON ◽  
D.S. MOURA ◽  
A.T. MARTINI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Flood Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Herbicide Treatments

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to assess the efficiency and selectivity of herbicides in rice submitted to sprinkler and flood irrigation systems. The experimental design was a randomized block design arranged in a 2 × 9 factorial scheme. Factor A consisted of irrigation systems (sprinkler and flood) and Factor B consisted of herbicide treatments (T1 - control; T2 - imazethapyr + imazapic, 75 + 25 g a.i. ha-1; T3 - imazethapyr + imazapic, 150 + 50 g a.i. ha-1; T4 - imazapic + imazapyr, 73.5 + 24.5 g a.i. ha-1; T5 - imazapic + imazapyr, 147 + 49 g a.i. ha-1; T6 - imazethapyr, 106 g a.i. ha-1; T7 - imazethapyr, 212 g a.i. ha-1; T8 - sequential application of imazethapyr + imazapic, 75 + 25 g a.i. ha-1; and T9 - sequential application of imazapic + imazapyr, 73.5 + 24.5 g a.i. ha-1). The application of imazethapyr and formulated mixtures of imazethapyr + imazapic and imazapyr + imazapic provided a control higher than 97% in flood and sprinkler irrigation systems. Herbicide selectivity is not altered in the sprinkler irrigation system when compared to the flood irrigation system.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus on Growth, Flowering and Yield of Cut Chrysanthemum cv. Thai Chen Queen

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-342
Author(s):  
Kitty Rajan ◽  
Dipal S. Bhatt ◽  
S. L. Chawla ◽  
S. T. Bhatt ◽  
Sangeetha Priya S
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Growth Quality

An investigation was carried out to study the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth, flowering and yield of cut chrysanthemum cv. Thai Chen Queen. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with factorial concept comprising of twelve treatment combinations with four levels of nitrogen, viz., 100 kg N/ha (N1), 150 kg N/ha (N2), 200 kg N/ha (N3) and 250 kg N/ha (N4) and three levels of phosphorus, viz., 50 kg P2O5/ha (P1), 75 kg P2O5/ha (P2) and 100 kg P2O5/ha (P3). The treatments were replicated four times. The results indicated that application of 200 kg N/ha (N3) to cut chrysanthemum was most effective to increase plant height whereas, plants receiving 150 kg N/ha significantly improved vegetative growth as well as quality and yield of flowers. Application of 75 kg P2O5/ha was found promising for growth, quality as well as yield parameters.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INDIGENOUS ENDOMYCORRHIZA AND RHIZOBIUM INOCULUM IN INCREASING NUTRIENT UPTAKE AND YIELD OF SOYBEAN IN DRY LAND

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Yosni Kiuk ◽  
I Nyoman Rai ◽  
Anak Agung Istri Kesumadewi
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Nutrient ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Rhizobium Inoculation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Fertilizer Technology

Increasing the productivity of soybeans in dry land can be done by designing a package of fertilizer technology based on biological materials using indigenous endomycorrhiza and Rhizobium. The application of indigenous endomycorrhizal biofertilizer combined with Rhizobium is expected to be able to improve nitrogen and phosporus uptake so as to increase the productivity of soybeans in dry land. The experiment used two-factor factorial randomized block design. The first factor was dose of endomycorrhizal spores of Glomus that consisted of four levels, namely, treatment without endomycorrhiza inoculation, dose of 50endomycorrhizal spores, dose of 100 endomycorrhizal spores, and dose of 150 endomycorrhizal spores. The second factor was inoculation of Rhizobium inoculum that consisted of two levels, namely, treatment without Rhizobium inoculation and Rhizobium inoculation. The results showed that combination of 50 endomycorrhizal spores with Rhizobium inoculation gave the best effect on the number of effective root nodules per plant, endomycorrhizal infection per plant, nutrient uptake by plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, and oven-dry weight of seeds per plant.

scholarly journals Response to Vegetative Growth of Soybean (Glycine Max) Variety of Anjasmoro and Demas 1 to Giving Trichoderma Sp. on the Check of Salinity

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainur Rochman ◽  
Sutarman
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Trichoderma Sp

This study aims to determine the response of the vegetative growth of soybean (Glycine max) of Anjasmoro and Demas varieties to the application of Trichoderma sp. Compost. on salinity stress. This research was conducted in the dry land of the swamp of Jabon Village, Sidoarjo, from March to May 2020. The experiment was arranged factorial using a Randomized Block Design  consisting of two factors, namely: the first factor was soybean varieties consisting of: varieties. Anjasmoro, and Demas 1 varieties, while the second factor was the application of Trichoderma compost consisting of: without Trichoderma and with Trichoderma. Of the 4 treatment combinations were repeated 5 times, in order to obtain 20 experimental units, each containing 40 plants. Data were analyzed by ANOVA followed by the 5% HSD test. The results showed that there was a significant interaction effect between the varieties and the application of Trichoderma sp. on the growth rate of sprouts and the number of leaves grown on land with an average salinity of 4 dS.cm-1 at 35 days after planting. Anjasmoro variety shows tolerance on saline soil, while Demas 1 variants are intolerant to saline soil. Anjasmoro varieties treated with Trichoderma sp. compost were able to show a sprout growth rate of up to 6.10 cm per day and accelerate the appearance of flowers on high salinity soils. The combination of these two has the potential to be tested and developed into a wide production stage on high salinity swamps.

scholarly journals WEED INTERFERENCE IN CARROT YIELD IN TWO LOCALIZED IRRIGATION SYSTEMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-131
Author(s):  
LAÍS TEREZA RÊGO TORQUATO REGINALDO ◽  
HAMURÁBI ANIZIO LINS ◽  
MATHEUS DE FREITAS SOUSA ◽  
TALIANE MARIA DA SILVA TEÓFILO ◽  
VANDER MENDONÇA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Period ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Relative Production ◽  
Crop Cycle

ABSTRACT Weed interference is one of the factors that reduces carrot yield considerably. The aim of this study was to determine the periods of weed interference in carrots cultivated under two localized irrigation systems. The experiment used a completely randomized block design, with three replications, using the split plot scheme. The plots consisted of two irrigation systems (drip and micro sprinkler) and the subplots corresponded to the duration of coexistence of the crop with weeds, comprising periods of control (weed -free) or coexistence (with weeds) (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 120 days after emergence (DAE) of the crop). Considering a yield loss of 2.5%, 5%, and 10% in marketable carrots, the beginning and end of the critical period of weed control (CPWC) was determined by adjusting a sigmoid model to the relative production data. The presence of the weed community throughout the crop cycle resulted in yield losses of up to 98%. The CPWP varied for the irrigation systems used. Carrot cultivation with and without competition, under the micro sprinkler irrigation system showed a higher yield than with the drip system. Considering a yield loss of 5%, the CPWC was 23 DAE and 7 DAE in the drip irrigation and micro sprinkler irrigation systems, respectively.

scholarly journals Agronomic performance of ‘BRS Princesa’ banana under fertigation and mulching

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 979-998
Author(s):  
Elves Almeida Souza ◽  
◽  
Eugênio Ferreira Coelho ◽  
Marcelo Rocha Santos ◽  
Diego Magalhães Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Sprinkler System ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Potassium Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Drip Fertigation

Banana is one of the most produced fruit crops in Brazil and has great economic, social and nutritional importance. Factors such as water availability and well-managed fertilization are fundamental to achieving profitable yields. The aim of this study was to examine the agronomic performance and water use efficiency of ‘BRS Princesa’ banana under combinations of irrigation systems, fertilization methods and mulching, during three production cycles. The experiment was laid out in a randomized-block design with four replicates. Treatments consisted of a combination of the localized irrigation system, fertilization strategy and mulching, as follows: Drip irrigation with manual fertilization; Micro-sprinkler irrigation with manual fertilization; Drip fertigation with mulch; Drip fertigation without mulch; Micro-sprinkler fertigation with mulch; and Micro-sprinkler fertigation without mulch. The plants were irrigated every three days, using three 4-L h-1 drippers per plant or a 64-L h-1 micro-sprinkler for every four plants. The following variables were analyzed: number of leaves, plant height, pseudostem circumference, number of hands, hand yield, water and nutrient (nitrogen and potassium) use efficiency and earliness. The micro-sprinkler system provided a greater pseudostem circumference without the presence of mulch. Plants under micro-sprinkler fertigation with mulching grew taller. The banana yield was higher when fertigation was used than with manual fertilization, regardless of the irrigation system. Plants grown in mulched soil were more productive than those grown in bare soil. The use of mulch increased water, nitrogen and potassium use efficiency when compared with cultivation in bare soil. Drip-irrigated plants showed earlier production than those irrigated with micro-sprinklers.

scholarly journals Sunflower cultivation under different irrigation systems and planting spacings in the sub-middle region of São Francisco Valley

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 2899-2910
Author(s):  
Welson Lima Simões ◽  
◽  
Jucicléia Soares da Silva ◽  
Anderson Ramos de Oliveira ◽  
Amadeu Regitano Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Sprinkler System ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Middle Region ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Head Diameter ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The growth and yield of sunflower plants can be influenced by the plant population arrangement and the type of irrigation system adopted to meet the water requirements of the crop. This study examines the influence of different irrigation systems and spacings between planting rows on the development of sunflower cultivars for the sub-middle region of São Francisco Valley. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with a split-plot arrangement in which the plots consisted of three irrigation systems (drip, micro-sprinkler and sprinkler); sub-plots were represented by three spacings between planting rows (0.65, 0.55 and 0.45 m); and sub-sub-plots corresponded to two sunflower cultivars (Hélio 251 and Hélio 360). The following variables were analyzed: plant height; number of leaves; stem diameter; number of heads; head diameter; dry biomass of stems, leaves and heads; and achene yield. The different irrigation systems and row spacings markedly influenced the growth of the sunflower cultivars. The highest yield of cultivar Hélio 251 was obtained with the drip irrigation system and 0.55 m spacing. Cultivar Hélio 360 achieved the highest yields when irrigated by the micro-sprinkler system at 0.55 and 0.45 m spacing. In the sprinkler irrigation system, cultivar Hélio 360 obtained the highest yield at 0.45 m spacing.

scholarly journals Different levels of shade on population of grasshoppers and its oviposition preference on heliconias

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Bittar ◽  
Elen de Lima Aguiar-Menezes ◽  
José Guilherme Marinho Guerra ◽  
Janaína Ribeiro Costa Rouws ◽  
Luiz Augusto de Aguiar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Oviposition Preference ◽  
Production Parameters ◽  
Lateral Buds ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Light Requirements ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Preferred Species ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACT: Grasshoppers of the families Acrididae and Romaleidae (Orthoptera) are among the insects that defoliate heliconias and have been gaining status as pests of commercial crops of these plants in Brazil. The objectives of the present study were to identify the grasshopper defoliating heliconias in the municipality of Santo Antônio de Pádua, RJ (Brazil), to evaluate the effect of different levels of shade on the population of this grasshopper and the production parameters of heliconias, and to determine if this grasshopper has an oviposition preference among the heliconias evaluated. The experiment was in a completely randomized block design, in subdivided plots (four levels of shade in the plot, 0%, 30%, 50% and 80%, and four species of Heliconia: H. psittacorum, H. stricta, H. wagneriana and H. psittacorum x H. spathocircinata ‘Golden Torch’ in the subplot), with four replications. The grasshopper was identified as Cornops frenatum frenatum (Acrididae). An increase in shade resulted in a decrease in the number of oviposition holes from the grasshopper and the number of lateral buds. Shade did not influence the number of C. f. frenatum nymphs and adults and the number of flower stems. H. wagneriana was the most preferred species for oviposition by C. f. frenatum. Results suggested using screens to shade heliconia plants can help control C. f. frenatum populations, however, the light requirements of the heliconias should be considered to guarantee productivity.

scholarly journals AGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PACOVAN ORGANIC BANANA IN IRRIGATION SYSTEMS IN THE AÇU-RN VALLEY

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 370-378
Author(s):  
JÚLIO JUSTINO DE ARAÚJO ◽  
VANDER MENDONÇA ◽  
MARIA FRANCISCA SOARES PEREIRA ◽  
MATHEUS DE FREITAS SOUZA
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Banana Production ◽  
Banana Tree ◽  
The One ◽  
Small Producers ◽  
Alternative Irrigation

ABSTRACT The banana tree is grown in an extensive tropical region throughout the world, usually by small producers. The present work had the objective of evaluating irrigation systems in banana production in the Açu-RN Valley, aiming at alternatives so that they can be recommended to farmers in the Açu Valley region. The experiment was carried out in the area of the School Farm of the IFRN Campus Ipanguaçu, located in the municipality of Ipanguaçu-RN. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with subdivided plots and eight replications. The irrigation systems were: irrigation, drip irrigation, micro sprinkler and alternative irrigation. The plots were composed of eight useful plants with spacing in double rows 4 x 2 x 2 m. Eight characteristics related to production were evaluated: bunch mass (MC); number of leaves (NP); number of fruits per cluster (NFC); mean mass of the leaves (MMP); diameter of the fruit of the second seed (DF2P); length of the fruit of the second seed (CF2P); mean fruit mass (MMF); productivity (Prod). The data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared by the Tukey test at 5% of probability. In the first cycle of production the sprinkler irrigation system was the one that presented better results the productivity of the Pacovan banana tree; in the 3rd cycle the alternative irrigation system was the one that showed better results the productivity of the banana tree; where the electrical conductivity correlated with the sodium adsorption ratio in the irrigation water, contributed to a moderate limitation of use.

scholarly journals Crop rotation, green manure and nitrogen fertilizers in upland rice under no-tillage

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orivaldo Arf ◽  
José Roberto Portugal ◽  
Salatiér Buzetti ◽  
Ricardo Antônio Ferreira Rodrigues ◽  
Marco Eustáquio de Sá
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Brazilian Savannah ◽  
Corn Crop

ABSTRACT The Brazilian Savannah region presents a great potential for the expansion of upland rice crops. However, studies are necessary to identify practices that can improve the crop performance, especially in no-tillage systems. This study aimed to assess the effect of cover crops in association with corn on the development and yield of rice cultivated in rotation and cover fertilized with nitrogen doses. The sprinkler irrigation system was used and the experiment was developed in the 2014/2015 and 2016/2017 harvest years, using a randomized block design, in a 5 × 4 factorial scheme. The treatments consisted of the crop remains combinations of single corn crop, corn + Crotalaria spectabilis, corn + pigeon pea, corn + jack bean and corn + Urochloa ruziziensis, as well as cover nitrogen doses (0 kg ha-1, 40 kg ha-1, 80 kg ha-1 and 120 kg ha-1) in the rice. The cultivation of upland rice in rotation with corn + pigeon pea was favored by the greater soil cover and nitrogen supply via cycling, if compared to the rotation with single corn crop. The intercropped corn + pigeon pea cultivation in the previous summer resulted in a 15 % increase in the yield of rice grains seeded in the rotation, when compared to the single corn crop. The cover nitrogen application positively influenced the grain yield with the maximum estimated doses of 46 kg ha-1 and 105 kg ha-1 of nitrogen, respectively in the 2014/2015 and 2016/2017 harvest years.

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