scholarly journals Characteristic of Soil Physical Properties Derived from Pyritic-Contained Sediment of Musi Banyuasin as by Affected by Drying Treatment

2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Kukuh Murtilaksono ◽  
Sudarmo . ◽  
Susila Herlambang ◽  
Sjarif .
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Pyrite Oxidation ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Organic Matter Decomposition ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Soil Subsidence ◽  
Drying Treatment

Greenhouse and laboratory research at the Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture IPB has been conducted about treatment of drying on acid sulphate soil coloum from Musi Banyuasin to examine the effect on soil physical properties. Soil coloum of 95 cm height is maintained submerged, aside from other soil coloums drained at 50 cm and 75 cm depth are drying treatment of 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks. Drying treatment at 75 cm depth lowering soil surface 0.8 and 2.9 crn at the firstand eighth week of drying, respectively. The soil subsidence is affected by organic matter decomposition and swelling - shrinkage characteristic of 2:1 clay mineral. Drying treatmentsignificantly increasing aggregate stability from 54.69 to 57.19 at 15 cm depth, decreasing it from 57.29 to 51.19 at 45 cm depth at sixth week, and 49.59 to 45.82 at 75 cm depth at fourth week.Although the result has irregular pattern, drying treatment significantly increasing soil bulk density at 15 an depth from 0.83 to 0.95 glcm3, decpasing at 45 cm depth from 0.69 to 0.45 glcm3at sixth week, and increasing from 0.63 to 0.72 g/cm at 75 cm depth at fourth week. The incremental anddecreasing is more caused by organic matter decomposition and soil aggregate sementation by iron resulted from pyrite oxidation. Drying treatment significantly affecting soil porosity, permeability and COLE at several depth, atthough the pattern is irregular.

scholarly journals Comparison of wheat and safflower cultivation areas in terms of total carbon and some soil properties under semi-arid climate conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1007-1024
Author(s):  
B. Turgut
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Arid Climate ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract. The aim of this study was to compare the soils of the wheat cultivation area (WCA) and the safflower cultivation area (SCA) within semi-arid climate zones in terms of their total carbon, nitrogen, sulphur contents, particle size distribution, aggregate stability, organic matter content, and pH values. This study presents the results from the analyses of 140 soil samples taken at two soil layers (0–10 and 10–20 cm) in the cultivation areas. At the end of the study, it has been established that there were significant differences between the cultivation areas in terms of soil physical properties such as total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), total sulphur (TS) contents and pH, while only the TN content resulted in significantly different between the two soil layers. Moreover significant differences were identified in the cultivation areas in terms of soil physical properties including clay and sand contents, aggregate stability and organic matter content, whereas the only significant difference found among the soil layers was that of their silt content. Since safflower contains higher amounts of biomass than wheat, we found higher amounts of organic matter content and, therefore, higher amounts of TN and TS content in the soils of the SCA. In addition, due to the fact that wheat contains more cellulose – which takes longer to decompose – the TC content of the soil in the WCA were found to be higher than that of the SCA. The results also revealed that the WCA had a higher carbon storage capacity.

Influence of long-term feedlot manure amendments on soil hydraulic conductivity, water-stable aggregates, and soil thermal properties during the growing season

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J. Miller ◽  
B.W. Beasley ◽  
C.F. Drury ◽  
F.J. Larney ◽  
X. Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Wood Chip ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Soil Thermal Properties

Long-term application of feedlot manure to cropland may change the physical properties of soils. We measured selected soil (surface) physical properties of a Dark Brown Chernozemic clay loam where different amendments were annually applied for 15 (2013), 16 (2014), and 17 (2015) yr. The treatments were stockpiled (SM) or composted (CM) manure with either straw (ST) or wood-chip (WD) bedding applied at three rates (13, 39, and 77 Mg ha−1) and an unamended control. The effect of selected or all treatments on selected properties was determined in 2013–2015. These properties included field-saturated (Kfs) and near-saturated hydraulic conductivity or K(ψ), bulk density (BD), volumetric water content, soil temperature, soil thermal properties, and wet aggregate stability. The hypotheses that selected soil physical properties would improve more for treatments with greater total carbon in the amendments (SM > CM, WD > ST) was rejected. The exceptions were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower soil BD for SM than CM and WD than ST for certain dates, and lower soil thermal conductivity for WD than ST. Most soil physical properties generally had no response to 15–17 yr of annual applications of these feedlot amendments, but a few showed a positive response.

scholarly journals Comparison of wheat and safflower cultivation areas in terms of total carbon and some soil properties under semi-arid climate conditions

Solid Earth ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 719-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Turgut
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Arid Climate ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract. The aim of this study was to compare the soils of the wheat cultivation area (WCA) and the safflower cultivation area (SCA) within semi-arid climate zones in terms of their total carbon, nitrogen, and sulphur contents, particle size distribution, aggregate stability, organic matter content, and pH values. This study presents the results from the analyses of 140 soil samples taken at two soil layers (0–10 and 10–20 cm) in the cultivation areas. At the end of the study, it was established that there were significant differences between the cultivation areas in terms of soil physical properties such as total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), total sulphur (TS) contents and pH, while only the TN content was significantly different between the two soil layers. Moreover, significant differences were identified between the cultivation areas in terms of soil physical properties including clay and sand contents, aggregate stability, and organic matter content, whereas the only significant difference found among the soil layers was that of their silt content. Since safflower contains higher amounts of biomass than wheat, we found higher amounts of organic matter content and, therefore, higher amounts of TN and TS content in the soils of the SCA. In addition, due to the fact that wheat contains more cellulose – which takes longer to decompose – the TC content of the soil in the WCA was found to be higher than that in the SCA. The results also revealed that the WCA had a higher carbon storage capacity.

scholarly journals PERANAN BAHAN HIJAUAN TANAMAN DALAM PENINGKATAN BAHAN ORGANIK DAN STABILITAS AGGREGAT TANAH ULTISOL LIMAU MANIS YANG DITANAMI JAGUNG (Zea mays L.)

Jurnal Solum ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita ◽  
Amrizal Saidi ◽  
Gusnidar Gusnidar ◽  
Adrinal Adrinal ◽  
Suyoko Suyoko
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Soil Aggregate ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Soil Aggregate Stability ◽  
Fresh Organic Matter ◽  
Significant Difference

A research aiming to improve soil aggregate stability of Ultisol in terms of creating sustainable agriculture and environmental development was conducted by applying fresh organic matter (OM)  into soil.  Three types of  OM sources used were Titonia diversifolia, Chromolaena odorata, dan Gliricidia sepium.   This research was conducted in Ultisol Limau Manis Sumbar having annual rainfall > 5000 mm, in 2008.   The fresh OM used was cut, mixed with soil up to 20 cm depth, and then incubated for approximately one month before corn seeds were planted.  Soil was sampled before being treated with OM and then after harvesting corn (4 moths after applying OM).  Soil OM content as well as soil aggregate stability (AS) and several other soil physical properties wer analysed in laboratory.  The results showed that soil OM content and AS increased after one planting period.  Besides that, soil physical properties were also improved.  As soil physical properties became better, corn production was also higher at plot with than without OM application.  Among 3 species of OM added, Tithonia diversifolia gave highest corn biomass.  Level of land slope (0-8% dan 15-30%) did not show significant difference either for biomass or for soil OM content and soil AS.Key Words: marginal soil, green manure, soil aggregate stability, soil organic matter

scholarly journals Optimum Weed Control Method Increases the Yield of Kinnow by Improving the Physical Properties of Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. SAJID ◽  
S. AHMAD ◽  
M.J. JASKANI ◽  
M. YASIN
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Wood Chip ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Spad Value

ABSTRACT: Going towards sustainable fruit culture, it is very important that soil fertility should maintain by adopting the proper weeds control and adding the organic matter. This research was carried out to identify the most suitable weed control method for Kinnow orchard. The plants of Kinnow at the age of 6 years grown under drip irrigation were selected. Weeds of orchard were managed by mulching (wood chip and black polyethylene), mechanical (cultivator and rotavator) and chemical (glyphosate) methods. Mechanical weed control was taken as control treatment. The plants where wood chip mulching was used for weed control showed maximum increase in shoot length (24.00 cm), chlorophyll contents (84.00 SPAD value) and yield (11.88 ton ha-1) followed by the plants where weeds were controlled with chemical control while lowest shoot length (12.00 and 12.33 cm), chlorophyll contents (41.00 and 42.67 SPAD value) and yield (3.80 and 4.70 ton) was achieved in cultivator and rotavator treatment respectively. Wood chip mulch also improved soil physical properties by reducing bulk density (1.49 Mg m-3), soil penetration resistance (785.33 kPa) and by enhancing soil organic matter (1.17%), hydraulic conductivity (34.50 mm/hr-1) and soil microbial biomass carbon (159.68 g kg-1) followed by glyphosate control while lowest values of soil physical properties were obtained in cultivator and rotavator weed control. Wood chip mulch also reduced weed dry weight (45.25 g) and efficiently controlled weeds (95.66%) as compared to other weed control methods. In this case, wood chip mulch performed better in all studied parameters than plastic mulch, rotavator, cultivator and glyphosate weed control. So, wood chip mulch should be recommended to citrus grower for improving soil physical properties and yield.

Effects of heating on some soil physical properties related to its hydrological behaviour in two north-western Spanish soils

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. García-Corona ◽  
E. Benito ◽  
E. de Blas ◽  
M. E. Varela
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Aggregate Size Distribution ◽  
Distribution Water

Two forest soils rich in organic matter but differing in texture (sandy loam and silty loam) were heated under controlled laboratory conditions in order to examine the consequences of the heating effect that accompanies the passage of a fire on the physical properties of soil. Three samples of both soils were heated for 30 min in a muffle furnace at temperatures of 25, 170, 220, 380 and 460°C. At each temperature, the following parameters were determined: dry aggregate size distribution, water aggregate stability, total porosity, pore size distribution, water repellency and hydraulic conductivity. Heating the soils at 170 and 220°C caused no significant changes in aggregate size distribution or total porosity but increased water aggregate stability and the volume of pores 0.2–30 μm. Also, increased water repellency and strongly decreased the hydraulic conductivity. All parameters underwent much more dramatic changes at 380 and 460°C that can be ascribed to the combustion of organic matter. At such temperatures, water repellency was destroyed and the low hydraulic conductivity can be attributed to the aggregate breakdown observed under dry and wet conditions.

scholarly journals Soil physical properties of high mountain fields under bauxite mining

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 419-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalmo Arantes de Barros ◽  
José Aldo Alves Pereira ◽  
Mozart Martins Ferreira ◽  
Bruno Montoani Silva ◽  
Diógenes Ferreira Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Soil Density ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Bauxite Mining ◽  
Water Dispersible ◽  
Environmental Controls

Mining contributes to the life quality of contemporary society, but can generate significant impacts, these being mitigated due to environmental controls adopted. This study aimed to characterize soil physical properties in high-altitude areas affected by bauxite mining, and to edaphic factors responses to restoration techniques used to recover mined areas in Poços de Caldas plateau, MG, Brazil. The experiment used 3 randomized block design involving within 2 treatments (before mining intervention and after environmental recovery), and 4 replicates (N=24). In each treatment, soil samples with deformed structures were determined: granulometry, water-dispersible clay content, flocculation index, particle density, stoniness level, water aggregate stability, and organic matter contend. Soil samples with preserved structures were used to determine soil density and the total volume of pores, macropores, and micropores. Homogenization of stoniness between soil layers as a result of soil mobilization was observed after the mined area recovery. Stoniness decreased in 0.10-0.20 m layer after recovery, but was similar in the 0-0.10 m layer in before and after samples. The recovery techniques restored organic matter levels to pre-mining levels. However, changes in soil, including an increase in soil flocculation degree and a decrease in water-dispersible clays, were still apparent post-recovery. Furthermore, mining operations caused structural changes to the superficial layer of soil, as demonstrated by an increase in soil density and a decrease in total porosity and macroporosity. Decreases in the water stability of aggregates were observed after mining operations.

scholarly journals Bulk density and porosity of soils influenced by skidding operations in the Nkrankwanta Off-Forest Reserve of Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1409-1415
Author(s):  
Ammal Abukari ◽  
Donkor Christian ◽  
Kwame Ochire-Boadu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Porosity ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Increasing Trends

 Heavy forest machinery used in skidding has the capacity to influence the physical properties of soils. These may possibly lead to an upsurge in soil disruption and compaction of the soil surface decreases forest soil fertilities. This study assesses the effects of skidding on some soil physical properties such as the soil bulk density and porosity in the Nkrankwanta off-forest reserve in Ghana. The treatments comprised of four traffic intensity levels (1, 5, 10, and 15 passes) of the Mercedes Benz skidder (MB) Trac 1800 and a slope of two levels (less than 20 % and greater than 20 %) in a completely randomized block design. In addition, porosity and soil bulk density were assessed at varied distances from the MB Trac 1800. Soil bulk density results showed increasing trends with traffic frequency. Soil bulk density measured in the undisturbed area was 0.64 g cm-3 and 0.56 g cm-3 at slopes of less than 20% and greater than 20%, respectively. On the skid trail, soil bulk density significantly increased with traffic frequency (p<0.05). However soil porosity declined. Soil porosity estimated in uninterrupted area was 59.10 % and 57.40 % at < 20% and > 20% slope, respectively. Soil porosity was significantly influenced via different skidder passes (p<0.05). The soil physical properties were not influenced by the steepness of the slope however acted together in the number of passes to influence soil porosity. The impacts of the skidder on soil physical properties were significantly apparent at distances of 2 m to each sideway of the skidding trail. In conclusion, distinct responsiveness ought to be considered throughout the operations of skidding to curtail unfriendly influences on soil physical properties in ground-base skidding.

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