scholarly journals LUPUS

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
NAGEEN HUSSAIN
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
The Self ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Self Antigens

Lupus is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system becomeshyperactive; results in the formation of auto-antibodies that react with the “self” antigens to form immune complexes.These immune complexes build up in the tissues; can cause inflammation, injury to tissues, pain and bring about thesymptoms . Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is one of the type of lupus which affects multiple organ systems 1,2and is multifactorial in etiology .2,3

scholarly journals Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease: An Overview of the Clinical Approach to Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Saurabh Nimesh ◽  
Md. Iftekhar Ahmad ◽  
Shikhka Dhama ◽  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Muhammad Akram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Novel Approaches

The systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), commonly known as Lupus, is a rare and complex multisystem autoimmune disease where one’s immune system is overactive, and the body attacks its organ systems. SLE is a historically old disease described already in antiquity; it is an example of a chronic disease with physical, psychological, financial, and social implications for individuals diagnosed. It has inspired medical and basic biological scientists that focus on molecular biology, basic immunology, immunopathology, clinical science, genetics, and epidemiology. The syndrome is real in its existence-although hidden behind obstacles, cumbersome for patients and clinicians, and rebellious for scientists. There is currently no cure for SLE. The goal of treatment is to ease symptoms. This article will review information on the general approach to SLE therapy, focusing on currently approved therapies and novel approaches that might be used in the future.

scholarly journals Cytokines as Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Value for Diagnosis and Drug Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 11327
Author(s):  
Helena Idborg ◽  
Vilija Oke
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Autoimmune Response ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Extracellular Structures

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease. The disease is characterized by activation and dysregulation of both the innate and the adaptive immune systems. The autoimmune response targets self-molecules including cell nuclei, double stranded DNA and other intra and extracellular structures. Multiple susceptibility genes within the immune system have been identified, as well as disturbances in different immune pathways. SLE may affect different organs and organ systems, and organ involvement is diverse among individuals. A universal understanding of pathophysiological mechanism of the disease, as well as directed therapies, are still missing. Cytokines are immunomodulating molecules produced by cells of the immune system. Interferons (IFNs) are a broad group of cytokines, primarily produced by the innate immune system. The IFN system has been observed to be dysregulated in SLE, and therefore IFNs have been extensively studied with a hope to understand the disease mechanisms and identify novel targeted therapies. In several autoimmune diseases identification and subsequent blockade of specific cytokines has led to successful therapies, for example tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibition in rheumatoid arthritis. Authors of this review have sought corresponding developments in SLE. In the current review, we cover the actual knowledge on IFNs and other studied cytokines as biomarkers and treatment targets in SLE.

A Clinical Overview of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Childhood

1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 194-201
Author(s):  
Bianca A. Lang ◽  
Earl D. Silverman
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
The United States ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Multisystem Disease ◽  
Organ Systems

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder resulting in inflammation of multiple organ systems. Although SLE is not common in children, it must be considered in the differential diagnosis of any child who has multisystem disease. The onset of SLE in children may be acute, with severe disease affecting one or more major organ systems, or it may be insidious, with intermittent symptoms of fever, malaise, rashes, arthritis, or pleuritis. SLE also must be considered if a child is found to have a positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) test result. Although almost all children who have SLE have a positive result, this laboratory test alone does not establish the diagnosis of SLE. Classification Criteria Eleven disease manifestations are included in the revised classification criteria for SLE established by the American College of Rheumatology (Table 1). These criteria were established as a classification tool to guide in selecting patients for clinical and laboratory studies rather than as a diagnostic system. Nevertheless, they have proven useful in the assessment of both pediatric and adult patients who may or may not have SLE. Epidemiology Childhood onset of SLE accounts for approximately 20% of all cases. The annual incidence in the United States is approximately 0.6 cases per 100 000 total population, with higher rates found in the African-American, Oriental, and Hispanic populations.

Cognitive and Psychiatric Manifestations of Childhood-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah M. Levy ◽  
Gail S. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Disease Manifestation ◽  
American College Of Rheumatology ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Similar Disease

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies directed against multiple organ systems. Individuals with SLE may have disease of only one organ system or of many organ systems at one time during a “flare” of disease activity. Systemic lupus erythematosus is characterized by multiple flares and remissions, and flares may lead to end-organ damage. The diagnosis of SLE is generally made by fulfilling four out of 11 of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 1997 Revised Classification Criteria for SLE (Hochberg 1997). Although the 1997 revised criteria have not been validated, the earlier 1982 criteria (Tan et al. 1982) have a sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 100%in childhood-onsetSLE(cSLE) (Ferraz et al. 1994). See Table 3.1 for these criteria. Systemic lupus erythematosus has a prevalence rate of 500 per million persons in the U.S. population (Klippel 1997) but may be as high as 130 per 100,000 persons (Uramoto et al. 1999). Approximately 15% of all SLE has its onset in childhood (prior to 18 years of age). Systemic lupus erythematosus occurs more commonly in non-Caucasians, with greater severity of SLE in children and adult Latino and African Americans than in non-Latino Caucasians (Michet et al. 1979).The female predominance of SLE in adulthood (10:1 female-to-male ratio) is less pronounced in childhood, and the ratio prior to puberty is more likely to be 5:1 or even 3:1.The majority of cSLE cases have onset in the peripubertal age period (10–15 years), which continues to suggest a link between estrogen and other hormones on the development of SLE. Childhood-onset SLE differs from adult-onset SLE in that the frequency of renal disease is higher, and the incidence and prevalence of neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) is probably greater (Tucker et al. 1995; Sibbit et al. 2002). Children require aggressive immunosuppression, which on a dose per kilogram of body weight is generally higher than that required by an adult to treat a similar disease manifestation. Immunosuppression often includes corticosteroids. At least in adults, corticosteroids do not appear to cause cognitive impairment (Carbette et al. 1986; Denburg et al. 1997; Carlomagno et al. 2000).

scholarly journals Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome Type 3-D

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadel Fikri Suharto ◽  
RM Dewi Anggraini ◽  
Ardianto Tamin ◽  
Della Fitricana ◽  
Nova Kurniati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Disease Patient ◽  
The Body ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Metabolic System ◽  
Organ Systems

Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against cell nuclei and involves many organ systems in the body. The etiopathology of SLE is thought to involve complex and multifactorial interactions between genetic variation and environmental factors. Hyperthyroidism is a disease due to increased thyroid hormone function followed by signs and symptoms that affect the body's metabolic system. Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of antibodies to TSHR (TRAb). Several coexisting autoimmune diseases have been classified under different syndromes. Case Presentation: A woman, 29 years-old, came to office with complaint of chest palpitation. Patient had history of fever, joint pain, hair loss, and malar rash. Patient had been diagnosed with hyperthyroidism for 4 years and regularly taking propylthiouracil 100 mg and propranolol 10 mg. Titer ANA Test 1/100, Anti ds-DNA 68.08, C3-Complement 93 (N: 83-193), C4-Complement 11.2 (N: 15-57), Free T3 7.79 (N: 1.71-3.71), Free -T4 2.50 (N: 0.70-1.48), TSHs 0.0001 (N: 0.350-4.94), TRAb 3.38 (N: < 1.75). Patient was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and graves’ disease. Patient treated with methimazole 10 mg, propranolol 10 mg, myfortic 360 mg, and methylprednisolone 4 mg. Conclusion: Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndromes (APS) was at first characterized as different endocrine organ diseases related to an immune system disease in a subject. Hence, affiliation between illnesses in APS was noted not to be irregular but in specific combinations in which a few non-endocrine immune system diseases were moreover portion of the disorders.

scholarly journals Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndrome Type 3D : A Case Report

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadel Fikri
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Disease Patient ◽  
The Body ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Metabolic System ◽  
Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndrome ◽  
Organ Systems

Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against cell nuclei and involves many organ systems in the body. The etiopathology of SLE is thought to involve complex and multifactorial interactions between genetic variation and environmental factors. Hyperthyroidism is a disease due to increased thyroid hormone function followed by signs and symptoms that affect the body's metabolic system. Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of antibodies to TSHR (TRAb). Several coexisting autoimmune diseases have been classified under different syndromes. Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome (PGAS),Case Presentation: A woman, 29 years-old, came to office with complaint of chest palpitation. Patient had history of fever, joint pain, hair loss, and malar rash. Patient had been diagnosed with hyperthyroidism for 4 years and regularly taking propylthiouracil 100 mg and propranolol 10 mg. Titer ANA Test 1/100, Anti ds-DNA 68.08, C3-Complement 93 (N: 83-193), C4-Complement 11.2 (N: 15-57), Free T3 7.79 (N: 1.71-3.71), Free -T4 2.50 (N: 0.70-1.48), TSHs 0.0001 (N: 0.350-4.94), TRAb 3.38 (N: &lt; 1.75). Patient was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and grave's disease. Patient treated with methimazole 10 mg, propranolol 10 mg, myfortic 360 mg, and methylprednisolone 4 mg.Conclusion: Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndromes (APS) was at first characterized as different endocrine organ diseases related to an immune system disease in a subject. Hence, affiliation between illnesses in APS was noted not to be irregular but in specific combinations in which a few non-endocrine immune system diseases were moreover portion of the disorders.

scholarly journals Oral lesions as a clinical sign of systemic lupus erythematosus

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Eliza Kristina M. Munthe ◽  
Irna Sufiawati
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Suspected Case ◽  
Oral Lesions ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
High Degree

Background: Oral lesions represent one of the most important clinical symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease with a high degree of clinical variability rendering it difficult to arrive at a prompt and accurate diagnosis. There are many unknown causes and multiple organ systems involved, with the result that permanent organ damage may occur before treatment commences. Purpose: The purpose of this case report is to discuss the importance of recognizing the lesions related to SLE which may help dentists to make an early diagnosis. Case: A 17-year-old female patient was referred by the Internal Medicine Department with a suspected case of SLE. Prior to admittance to the hospital, the patient was diagnosed with tuberculosis. A subsequent extraoral examination revealed ulceration with a blackish crust on the upper lip. An intraoral examination showed similar ulceration covered with a blackish crust on the labial mucosa accompanied by central erythema in the hard palate. Blood tests indicated decreased levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelets, but increased levels of leukocytes. A diagnosis of oral lesions associated with SLE and angioedema was formulated. Case management: The patient was given 1% hydrocortisone and vaseline album for extraoral lesions, while 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate and 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide was used to treat intraoral lesions. An improvement in the oral lesions manifested itself after two weeks of treatment. Conclusion: Early detection of oral lesions plays a significant role in diagnosing SLE. It is important for the dentist to recognize the presentation of diseases that may be preceded by oral lesions. A multidisciplinary approach and appropriate referrals are necessary to ensure comprehensive medical and dental management of patients with SLE.

scholarly journals Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Periodontal Disease: A Complex Clinical and Biological Interplay

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1957
Author(s):  
Bouchra Sojod ◽  
Cibele Pidorodeski Nagano ◽  
Glenda Melissa Garcia Lopez ◽  
Antoine Zalcberg ◽  
Sophie Myriam Dridi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Wide Range

Reports on the association of periodontal disease (PD) with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have regularly been published. PD is a set of chronic inflammatory conditions linked to a dysbiotic microbial biofilm, which affects the periodontal tissues, resulting eventually in their destruction and contributing to systemic inflammation. SLE is a multi-system chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that has a wide range of clinical presentations, touching multiple organ systems. Many epidemiological studies have investigated the two-way relationship between PD and SLE, though their results are heterogeneous. SLE and PD are multifactorial conditions and many biological-based hypotheses suggest common physiopathological pathways between the two diseases, including genetics, microbiology, immunity, and environmental common risk factors. By focusing on recent clinical and translational research, this review aimed to discuss and give an overview of the relationship of SLE with PD, as well as looking at the similarities in the immune-pathological aspects and the possible mechanisms connecting the development and progression of both diseases.

Photoprotective habits in children with systemic lupus erythematosus

Lupus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 964-969
Author(s):  
Tipusa Janthongsri ◽  
Wanee Wisuthsarewong ◽  
Rattanavalai Nitiyarom
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Siriraj Hospital

Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease that can involve multiple organ systems. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) can exacerbate pre-existing SLE, and can even induce systemic manifestations. This study aimed to investigate the photoprotective habits of children with SLE and the factors that significantly influence those photoprotective habits. Methods This questionnaire-based cross-sectional study included paediatric SLE patients being treated at the Department of Paediatrics at Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, between September 2018 and September 2019. Data were obtained from medical records and a face-to-face interview. Results Ninety-six patients were enrolled, with a female-to-male ratio of 8:1. The mean age of patients at enrollment was 13.7 ± 2.4 years. Of the 96 patients, 70 (72.9%) reported being directly exposed to sunlight for less than two hours per day, but 39% of patients spent time in the sun during the peak hours of UVR. Up to 95% of patients used sunscreen. However, only 64% of patients applied it every day, and only 35% of patients used an adequate amount of sunscreen. Girls were significantly more likely to apply sunscreen every day than boys were ( p = 0.041). SLE patients with a shorter disease duration had significantly greater exposure to sunlight than patients with a disease duration of more than four years ( p = 0.040). Conclusion Sunscreen was the most common photoprotective method. However, most patients used sunscreen inappropriately. A shorter disease duration was significantly associated with more sunlight exposure. Regular evaluation and emphasis of the importance of photoprotection should be encouraged among paediatric SLE.

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