scholarly journals ASTHMATIC CHILDREN;

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (04) ◽  
pp. 739-744
Author(s):  
Heena Rais ◽  
Fehmina Arif ◽  
Sangeeta Santosh
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Asthma Knowledge ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Rapid Industrialization ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

Objective: To determine the knowledge and practice of parents of children withAsthma. Introduction: Asthma is a disease characterized by recurrent attacks of breathlessnessand wheezing typically begins in early childhood with an earlier onset in males than females. Lifetime prevalence of asthma is 13.5% and current asthma prevalence of 9.3% among children <18years. According to WHO 15 million disability adjusted life years (DALY) are lost annually due toAsthma. Prevalence of asthma in Pakistani children is 19%. Due to rapid industrialization andurbanization prevalence of Asthma has increased from 9 t0 20% during the last decade. Thisstudy was conducted to assess the extent of knowledge and practice which are associated withthe control of Asthma. Methodology: It was descriptive cross sectional study conducted in ED,Pediatric unit CHK. Sampling was convenience and the study duration six months. One hundredand twenty parents of asthmatic children from 4-13 years of age were selected. Results: Averageage of the children was 7.69±2.58 years (95% CI: 7.23 to 8.16) and average duration of illnesswas 3.08±2.0 years (95% CI: 2.69 to 3.45). Minimum duration was two years and maximum tenyears. One hundred and four mothers (86.7%) and 16 fathers(13.3%) participated in the study.Over all asthma knowledge and practice of parents was adequate in 20(16.7%), inadequate in46(39.3%) and average in 54(45%). Conclusions: Asthma knowledge especially about themanagement is inadequate and practices are also inappropriate in the urban population ofKarachi.

scholarly journals Direct estimates of disability-adjusted life years lost due to stroke : a cross-sectional observational study in a demographic surveillance site in rural Gadchiroli, India

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e028695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikkil Sudharsanan ◽  
Mahesh Deshmukh ◽  
Yogeshwar Kalkonde
Keyword(s):  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Vital Registration ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Demographic Surveillance Site ◽  
Surveillance Site ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Stroke Prevalence ◽  
Life Years

ObjectiveTo directly estimate disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost due to stroke in rural Gadchiroli, India and measure the contribution of mortality and disability to total DALYs lost.DesignCross-sectional descriptive study using population census, vital registration and stroke prevalence data.SettingA demographic surveillance site of 86 villages in Gadchiroli, a rural district in Maharashtra, India.ParticipantsPopulation counts and mortality information were drawn from a census and vital registration system covering a population of approximately 94 154 individuals; stroke prevalence information was based on a door-to-door evaluation of all 45 053 individuals from 39 of the 86 villages in the surveillance site.Primary outcome measuresYears of life lost (YLL), years lived with disability (YLD) and DALYs lost due to stroke.ResultsThere were 229 stroke deaths among the total population of 94 154 individuals and 175 stroke survivors among the subpopulation of 45 053 individuals. An estimated 2984 DALYs were lost due to stroke per 100 000 person-years with a higher burden among men compared with women (3142 vs 2821 DALYs). Over three-fourths (80%) of the total DALYs lost due to stroke were between ages 30 and 70 years. YLL accounted for 98.9% of total DALYs lost.ConclusionsThere was a high burden of stroke in rural Gadchiroli with a significant burden at premature ages. These results reveal a substantial need for surveillance and improved preventive and curative services for stroke in rural India.

scholarly journals Pharmacotherapy management for hospitalized ischemic stroke patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 404-412
Author(s):  
Ahmed Alaa Al-Temimi ◽  
Siew Hua Gan ◽  
Christine Shalin Selvaraj
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Demographic Profiles ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years

Background: Worldwide, cerebrovascular accident (stroke) is the second leading cause of death and is the third leading cause of disability. Sadly, stroke prevalence in the low- and middle-income countries remains high (70%) with both stroke-related deaths and disability-adjusted life years reported to be as high as 87%. Aim: The objective of this study is to evaluate the success of pharmacotherapy management strategy for Malaysian stroke patients in a public hospital based on the Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG), 2012.  Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional study based on medical records of patients (n=682) with confirmed diagnoses of ischemic stroke admitted to Sungai Buloh Hospital for four years was conducted. Data was collected using self-developed data collection forms consisting of demographic profiles, comorbidity and pharmacotherapy treatment.  Results: The mean age of reported cases was 66.66 years with the majority (58%) being males while only 42% were females. The majority (>72%) adhered to the pharmacotherapy management of Clinical Practice Guideline Malaysia 2012 for ischemic stroke inpatients setting in a public hospital (p=0.001).  Conclusion: Most patients complied to the pharmacotherapy management of ischemic stroke guideline which is important to avoid disability and mortality caused by stroke.

scholarly journals Using Disability-Adjusted Life Years to assess the burden of road traffic injuries in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Win Ei Ei Thaw ◽  
Wantanee Phanprasit ◽  
Kwanjai Amnatsatsue ◽  
Ariya Bunnagamchairat ◽  
Kanitta Bundhamcharoen
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traffic Injury ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years

ABSTRACTBackgroundRoad traffic injury (RTI) is growing public health problem in Myanmar. In addition, every count in road crush is followed by remarkable burdens in the community. In this study, burden of disease (BOD) approach is used to quantify this hidden problem in the studied area.Aim/Objective/PurposeTo assess the burden of traffic injuries in Nay Pyi Taw Union Territory, MyanmarMethodsThis cross-sectional study analyzed 16,338 traffic injury victims in injury registry, from 2012 to 2016. The burden was estimated by disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). The analysis was disaggregated by sex, age and type of road users, as well as expressed the rate by per 100,000 population.Results/OutcomesIt was 60,962 DALYs in total for the studied period, with the rate of 1050.85 per 100,000 population. Although premature death in road crash was only 6.2% in the study, it attributed 87.8% of total burden. Total DALYs contributed by male were three-times higher than female. Nearly half of burden came from the young and productive population of 15-29 years. The highest DALYs rate was seen in the 20-24 years in male and 30-34 years in female. The highest RTI burden was due to motorized two-wheelers, with 69.4% of total DALYs.ConclusionThis study initiates usefulness of local data from injury registry to calculate the burden of injury. The findings highlight a huge burden of traffic injuries in the community, focusing on the hidden contribution of fatal cases and the vulnerability of young adult, male and motorcyclists in traffic accidents.

Disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for diabetes in Mexico in 2005: a cross-sectional burden of disease analysis

The Lancet ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 381 ◽  
pp. S46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Escobedo ◽  
Gabriela Rodríguez-Abrego ◽  
Juan Aranda ◽  
Beatriz Zurita ◽  
Teresita Ramirez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Disease Analysis

scholarly journals A study on Unintentional injury and its impact among Children in Thirumazhisai, Chennai, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL2) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Revathy Selvakumar ◽  
Timsi Jain ◽  
Anantha Eashwar V M
Keyword(s):  
Major Part ◽  
Unintentional Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Primary Caretakers

Injury-related death accounts for 9% of mortality, worldwide. Unintentional injury accounts for a major part of injury-related disability-adjusted life years. Unintentional injury in children is of importance because it contributes a major part to child mortality and can also potentially have long-term effects. A cross-sectional study was conducted to find the incidence of unintentional injury in children of age 1 year to 18 years, in a sub-urban area, Thirumazhisai, in Chennai, India. The study was conducted from January 21, 2019, to March 21, 2019. The study was conducted on 144 participants, which included the primary caretaker of the child with unintentional injury, which occurred within the last 3 months, using pre-designed semi-structured questionnaire. The data was collected and analysed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS software. The study results showed that among the 144 participants, 75 were males and 69 were females. The cause of injury was recorded and classified as those due to playing outdoors (38.9%), domestic accidents (25%), sports-related injury (8.3%) and other injuries (30.6%). The commonest injury was abrasions (45.1%) followed by cuts &lacerations (30.6). Commonest body parts affected were hands (47.9%) and legs (46.5%). Around 30% had to take leave from school for up to 2 days, 26% had to take leave for more than 2 days and 25% had local pain. The injury was treated at healthcare centre in only 52.8% of the study group.Unintentional injuries sustained while playing outside were more common among caretakers who had only up to school education and those who were unemployed/housewives. Health education and awareness creation can be done for primary caretakers on the prevention of unintentional injuries as it can affect their schooling and create financial problem for the family.

scholarly journals Water sanitation and hygiene in the schools of rural field practice area of Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapur

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 4307
Author(s):  
Rashmi Hullalli ◽  
M. R. Gudadinni ◽  
Shailaja S. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rural Practice ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Piped Water ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years

Background: One of the world’s most urgent issues is lack of safe water, sanitation and hygiene. Water-related improvements are crucial to meet the development goals, reduce child mortality, and improve health in a sustainable way. The absence of WASH in schools is responsible for 20% of total deaths and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) in children. Over 440 million schools days are missed annually due to water, sanitation and hygiene related diseases. Though there are emerging vaccines for rotavirus and cholera still WASH remains critical in the prevention of diarrheal diseases, soil transmitted helminthes infections and acute respiratory diseases. Objective of the study was to study the implementation and functionality of WASH in schools.Methods: A cross sectional study was done in all the schools of rural practice area of our college by interview technique using a pre tested semi structured questionnaire.Results: Out of 7 schools, 5 (71%) had piped water supply but only 2 schools (28.5%) practiced the process of water purification every day. All the schools were provided with toilet facilities whereas only 3 schools had separate toilet for girls. When looked upon availability of soap only 3 schools had provided soap regularly for hand washing. Most of the schools taught about personal hygiene but only 2 schools revealed that they dispose solid waste regularly.Conclusions: Although nationwide emphasis is given to water sanitation and hygiene, practicing is very low especially in rural areas. Therefore special efforts should be done not only for the implantation, but also upon the operation and maintenance of the same. 

scholarly journals Magnesium levels in stable children with asthma: It’s relationship with asthma control

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
F.N. Ogbuka ◽  
I.K. Ndu ◽  
T. Oguonu ◽  
A.N. Ikefuna ◽  
B.C. Ibe
Keyword(s):  
Asthma Control ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Magnesium Level ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
Serum Magnesium Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
The Mean

Background: Asthma prevalence is rising worldwide. Amongst the various factors influencing asthma control, the magnesium level of the affected individuals seems to make a major contribution to achieving asthma control through i ts anti - inflammatory and bronchodilation effects.This study therefore was aimed at determining the magnesium level of stable asthmatic children and its relationship, if any, with their levels of asthma control.Methods: A cross-sectional study where the serum magnesium levels of 30 stable asthmatic children attending Asthma clinic and those of 30 children without asthma attending Children Out-patient clinic (CHOP) both at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Enugu, were assessed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The levels of asthma control of children with asthma were assessed using asthma therapyassessment questionnaire (ATAQ). Mean serum magnesium levels of the different asthma control levels were compared using the analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results: The mean ages of children with asthma and those without asthma were 10.4 ± 2.98 years and 10.5 ±3.00 years respectively. The mean serum magnesium level of stable children with asthma (1.13 ±1.04 mmol/L) was found to be significantly lower than those of the non-asthmatic  controls (1.46 ±1.01 mmol/L), p= 0.004.A significant association was also found between the serum magnesium levels and the levels of asthma control (p = 0.015).Conclusion: This study shows that the serum magnesium level of stable asthmatic children is significantly lower than that of children without asthma and there is a significant association between the mean serum magnesium levels and their levels of asthma control. Keywords: Serum magnesium, asthma control, stable asthma

scholarly journals Attitudes of Non-Asthmatic Children Towards Their Asthmatic Peers: Influence of interactions with asthmatic relatives and peers

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Al-Motlaq ◽  
Nihaya Al-Sheyab
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Asthmatic Child ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Knowledge Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Asthma Knowledge ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
History Of ◽  
Children's Attitudes

Objectives: This study aimed to examine non-asthmatic children’s acceptance of and attitudes towards their asthmatic peers in Jordan. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2015 and January 2016 among 1,812 non-asthmatic children aged 9–13 years old at 10 schools in Zarqa, Jordan. Arabic versions of the Peers Attitude Towards Children with Asthma scale and the Asthma Knowledge Test for Children were used to assess attitudes towards children with asthma and asthma-related knowledge, respectively. Results: A total of 1,586 children participated in the study (response rate: 87.5%). Of these, 158 (10%) and 399 (25.2%) children reported a family history of asthma or knew at least one person with asthma, respectively. Although 50.3% stated that they would sit next to such children in the classroom, only 34.9% reported that they would be friends with an asthmatic child. However, 73.1% of the non-asthmatic children believed that asthmatic children were not pretending to be ill and 61.4% believed that such children were not ill due to their own carelessness. Female non-asthmatic children (P <0.001), those with a family history of asthma (P = 0.004) and those who knew other individuals with asthma (P <0.001) had significantly more positive attitudestowards and acceptance of their asthmatic peers. In addition, age was significantly related to attitude scores (P <0.001). However, there was no correlation between asthma-related knowledge and the children’s attitudes towards peers with asthma (P = 0.611). Conclusion: Previous interactions with asthmatic family members or peers were found to significantly influence non-asthmatic children’s attitudes towards their asthmatic peers.Keywords: Asthma; Children; Attitudes; Knowledge; Jordan.

scholarly journals Mid-term assessment of mass drug administration for elimination of lymphatic filariasis: in Bundelkhand region of Madhya Pradesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 750
Author(s):  
Ram K. Panika ◽  
Rakesh K. Mahore
Keyword(s):  
Lymphatic Filariasis ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Mass Drug Administration ◽  
Compliance Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Change Communication ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years

Background: Lymphatic filariasis is a vector borne parasitic disease caused by lymphatic dwelling nematode parasite. It is one of the world's leading causes of permanent and long-term disability with an estimated 5.1 million disability adjusted life years (DALYs) are lost due to this disease. The National Health Policy 2002 aims at Elimination of Lymphatic filariasis by 2015 through Annual Mass Drug Administration (MDA) of single dose of DEC. Objective was to assess coverage and compliance of MDA Program and awareness about lymphatic filariasis in Chhatarpur district of Madhya Pradesh.Methods: Cross-sectional Study was conducted. Total 120 households were surveyed in four selected clusters of Chhatarpur district of MP.Results: Out of total 835 persons only 94.37% persons were eligible and 47 (5.62%) were not eligible for MDA for MDA. Coverage rate was 90.22% and compliance rate was 75.24%. The main reason for non-compliance was not having the concerned disease 34.38 % followed by fear of side effect (24.90%). Only 37.5% among the surveyed families were aware about MDA. Majority of respondent 21 (46.66%) acquired knowledge from health workers.Conclusions: The compliance of MDA program was low and the awareness about the lymphatic filariasis in the study population was limited in Chhatarpur district. Poor compliance of MDA is attributed to inadequate consumption of drugs due to poor awareness among eligible population. For elimination of lymphatic filariasis active involvement of community is very essential. It can be made possible through behavior change communication and health education of people.

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