scholarly journals CLEFT LIP AND PALATE

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (05) ◽  
pp. 516-521
Author(s):  
Tajammal Abbas Shah
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Soft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Surgical Unit ◽  
Palatal Defect

A prospective study was conducted to look for prevalence of cleft lip and palate ina population presenting to a surgical unit in a teaching hospital. Objectives: To see prevalenceof cleft lip and palate alone, lip and palate combined, right or left sided, male to femaledistribution, and possible factors responsible for clefting. Study Design: A prospective study.Setting: Surgical Unit II at Allied Hospital Faisalabad. Period: March 2009 to March 2010 forone year. Materials and Methods: Total 55 patients were treated in year 2009 out of total17900 (0.3 %) patients admitted in all surgical wards and 6508 patients admitted in surgicalunit II (0.8%). Patients were divided into three groups, cleft lip alone (group A), cleft palatealone (group B) and combined cleft lip and palate (group C). Children up to the age of 5 yearswith congenital abnormality were included in study. Results: Out of 6508 patients admitted insurgical unit II 55 patients (0.8%) had cleft lip and palate defect. 55 patients were divided inthree groups. In group A, 32 patients presented with cleft lip alone ( 58.1 % ), 16 ( 29 % ) weremales and 16 ( 29 % ) were females, 21 patients have left sided ( 38 % ), 4 right sided (7.27% )and 7 patients have bilateral ( 12.72 % ) defects. 2 patients (3.63 %) had family history of cleft lipand both were males. In group B, 12 patients ( 21.8 %) had cleft palate alone, 7 patients ( 12.72% ) were males and 5 patients ( 9 % ) were females, 10 patients ( 1.18 % ) had soft palate onlywhile 2 patients ( 3.63 % ) had compete ( hard and soft ) palatal defect. In group C, 11 patients,had cleft lip and palate combined ( 20 % ), 6 patients were males ( 10.9 % ) and 5 patients ( 9% ) were females, 8 patients ( 14.54 % ) had only soft palate defect while 3 patients ( 5.45 % )had complete palatal defect associated with 8 patients ( 14.54 % ) left sided unilateral lip defectand 3 patients ( 5.45% ) had bilateral cleft lip. All patients were operated without any mortality.Ages of mothers at earliest were 16 and 18 years, 3 cousin marriages, ( 5.45 % ) all fathers weresmokers, belonged to poor socio economic families and no history of mother’s exposure toradiation, drug abuse during gestational life. Conclusion: As it is obvious from this study thatall patients belongs to poor socio economics group, and all fathers were smokers, 3 patientsborn in parents who had cousin marriages ( 5.45 % ) 2 patients ( 3.63 % ) with family history,cleft lip and palate are multifactorial congenital abnormalities, runs in families and is influencedby various environmental factors.

Timing of Hard Palate Closure and Dental Arch Relationships in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patients: A Mixed-Longitudinal Study

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis E.M. Noverraz ◽  
Anne Marie Kuijpers-Jagtman ◽  
Michael Mars ◽  
Martin A. Van't Hof
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Hard Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Dental Development ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

In a mixed longitudinal study, dental arch relationships of 88 consecutive UCLP patients treated at the Nijmegen Cleft Palate Centre were evaluated using the Goslon Yardstick. On the basis of timing of hard palate closure, the patients were divided into four groups. Mean age of hard palate closure in group A (n = 18) was 1.5 years, in group B (n = 26) 4.6 years and in group C (n = 18) 9.4 years. In group D (n = 26, no patient older than 10 years) the hard palate was still open. Four stages of dental development were distinguished; deciduous dentition, early mixed dentition, late mixed dentition and permanent dentition. Reproducibility of scoring with the Goslon Yardstick was good for all stages of dental development. No differences in dental arch relationships were found between the four groups. In 86% of the cases, the dental arch relationships of UCLP patients treated in Nijmegen were acceptable. Pharyngeal flap surgery had minor unfavorable effects on dental arch relationships.

Relapse Tendency in Maxillary Arch Width in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patients with Different Maxillary Arch Forms

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talat Al-Gunaid ◽  
Toshikazu Asahito ◽  
Masaki Yamaki ◽  
Kooji Hanada ◽  
Ritsuo Takagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Arch Form ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Arch Forms ◽  
Group B ◽  
Severe Degree ◽  
Maxillary Arch

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relapse tendency in the maxillary dental arch widths in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients with different types of maxillary arch form. Subjects: Thirty-two unilateral cleft lip and palate patients treated by one-stage surgical palatal closure were included. The subjects were divided into three groups according to the types of the maxillary arch forms: group A, symmetrical arch form; group B, collapse of minor segment; group C, collapse of both segments. Methods: Using dental casts obtained at three different times, relapse in the intercanine, interpremolar, and intermolar widths in each group was assessed and differences between groups were investigated. Results: Patients in group A showed stable results in all measurements. Patients in group B showed posttreatment relapse in the intercanine width only, whereas patients in group C demonstrated significant posttreatment relapses in the interpremolar and intermolar widths. Comparison between groups showed more significant relapse in the interpremolar and intermolar widths of group C than in those of group B. Conclusion: The types of the maxillary arch forms in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients might play a stronger role in the stability of the maxillary dental arch widths after orthodontic treatment in patients with collapse of both segments and a severe degree of maxillary narrowness.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Early Wheezing in Preterm Infants: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Chen ◽  
Minjing Yang ◽  
Shengzhu Huang ◽  
Xiaolian Qin ◽  
Zhijian Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Recurrent Wheezing ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background: The related factors that cause recurrent wheezing in children are complex, and premature delivery may be one of the reasons. Little is known about early wheezing in preterm infants. Methods: Data sourced from 1616 children born between 2007 and 2013 from 8 hospitals of Guangxi in China. All children were followed by telephone or questionnaire through the sixth year of life. Children were grouped by characters of age: Group A: gestational age (GA) ≤ 32 weeks, Group B: 32 weeks < GA < 37 weeks, Group C: 37 weeks ≤ GA < 42 weeks. Results: The incidence and the risk factors of early wheezing in preterm infants were analyzed. The incidence of early wheezing: Group A > Group B > Group C. In Group A, the proportion of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infant was higher in early wheezing group than in normal group (P = 0.005). Male (95% CI: 1.611 to 4.601) and family history of allergy (95% CI: 1.222 to 3.411) were the risk factors for early wheezing in Group B. Conclusions: Newborns with younger GA had a higher risk of early wheezing. SGA was a possible factor influencing early wheezing in preterm infants with GA≤ 32 weeks. Male and family history of allergy were the risk factors for early wheezing in preterm infants with 32 weeks < GA < 37 weeks.

scholarly journals Risk factors for early wheezing in preterm infants: a retrospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Chen ◽  
Minjing Yang ◽  
Shengzhu Huang ◽  
Xiaolian Qin ◽  
Zhijian Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Family History ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group A ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background: The factors that cause recurrent wheezing in children are complex, and premature delivery may be one of these factors. Little is known about early wheezing in preterm infants.Methods: Data were sourced from 1616 children born between 2007 and 2013 from 8 hospitals in Guangxi, China. All children were followed up by telephone or questionnaire through the sixth year of life. Children were grouped by gestational age (GA): Group A, GA ≤ 32 weeks; Group B, 32 weeks < GA < 37 weeks; and Group C, 37 weeks ≤ GA < 42 weeks.Results: The incidences and risk factors for early wheezing in preterm infants were analysed. The incidences of early wheezing were as follows: Group A > Group B > Group C. The incidence of persistent early wheezing in Group A or Group B was significantly higher than that in Group C, respectively. SGA (95% CI: 1.097 to 7.519) was a risk factor for early wheezing in group A. Male sex (95% CI: 1.595 to 4.501) and family history of allergies (95% CI: 1.207 to 3.352) were risk factors for early wheezing in group B.Conclusions: 1. New-borns with younger GAs had a higher risk of early wheezing. 2. The incidence of persistent early wheezing for preterm infants (GA ≤ 32 weeks and 32 weeks < GA < 37 weeks) was higher than that for full-term infants (37 weeks ≤ GA < 42 weeks). 3. SGA was a risk factor for early wheezing in preterm infants with a GA ≤ 32 weeks. 4. Male sex, personal history of allergies and family history of allergies were all possible factors affecting early wheezing in preterm infants with a GA > 32 weeks but < 37 weeks and full-term infants. Among them, male sex and family history of allergies were risk factors for early wheezing. 5. Mode of delivery, passive smoking, breastfeeding and invasive mechanical ventilation were not possible risk factors for early wheezing in infants of different GAs.

Comparative Assessment of Anxiety, Pain, and Discomfort During Rapid Maxillary Expansion Using Two Different Activation Protocols in Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562110331
Author(s):  
Dipjyoti Baruah ◽  
Shweta Nagesh ◽  
Hiteswar Sarma ◽  
Navraj Mattu
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hamilton Anxiety Scale ◽  
Group B

Objective The aim of this study was to compare and assess the pain perception, anxiety, and discomfort between two different rapid maxillary expansion (RME) protocols in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). Design This is a prospective study. Setting The study was done in a comprehensive cleft care center. Patien and Participants The sample included 26 patients between ages 6 and 9 years with a history of repaired UCLP. Interventions The patients were randomly allotted into 2 groups—Group A and Group B. Group A received 1 RME activation per day and Group B received 2 activations per day. The participants after RME activation completed a self-report questionnaire and ranked the pain and anxiety levels using Faces pain scale and Hamilton anxiety scale, respectively. The evaluation was done every day for 1 week. Main Outcome Measure The Faces Pain Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, and self-report questionnaires assessed the pain, anxiety, and discomfort experienced by the patients after 2 different types of RME activation protocols. Results Group B experienced significantly higher pain in the molars than Group A ( P < .001). There was no significant difference between the 2 RME activation protocols regarding anxiety and jaw discomfort. Conclusion Patients who received 2 activations per day experienced significantly higher levels of pain in the molars compared to the patients who received a single activation per day. There were no significant differences between the 2 activation protocols in terms of pain in the palate, tongue, anxiety, and jaw discomfort.

Cleft Lip

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Robin D. Clark ◽  
Cynthia J. Curry
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Maternal Diabetes ◽  
Recurrence Risk ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Incidence Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Malformations

This chapter reviews background information about the incidence, risk factors, family history, genetics, recurrence risk, and epidemiology of isolated and syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate. Microforms of cleft lip are described. The distinctive anatomy of bilateral cleft lip is contrasted with premaxillary agenesis, a wider defect caused by absence of the frontonasal process. The discussion on the differential diagnosis of cleft lip summarizes its common causes, including teratogenic agents (alcohol, maternal diabetes, phenytoin), chromosome anomalies (aneuploidy, recurrent deletion syndromes), and Mendelian clefting disorders that include associated malformations in other organ systems. The chapter gives recommendations for evaluation and management. A clinical case presentation features an infant with an oral cleft who has a positive family history of cleft lip and palate with paramedian lip pits due to Van der Woude syndrome.

Factors Responsible for Unfavorable Dental Arch Relationship in non Syndromic Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjida Haque ◽  
Mohammad Khursheed Alam ◽  
Mohd Fadhli Khamis
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Dental Arch Relationship

Objectives: Multiple factors are whispered to be crucial cause of unfavourable dental arch relationship in cleft lip and palate (CLP).This study aims to evaluate the dental arch relationship of Bangladeshi children with non syndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) following cheiloplasty and palatoplasty. Also to explore the various congenital (UCLP type, UCLP side, family history of cleft, family history of class III) and environmental (cheiloplasty, palatoplasty) factors that affects dental arch relationship of UCLP patients. Study design: This was a retrospective study where 84 dental models were taken before orthodontic treatment and alveolar bone grafting. The mean age was 7.69± 2.46 (mean± SD). The dental arch relationship was assessed by GOSLON (Great Ormond Street, London and Oslo) Yardstick. According to GOSLON Yardstick, five categories are rated; named- 1: excellent; 2: good; 3: fair; 4: poor; 5: very poor. Also the groups have been dichotomized into favorable (category ratings 1–3) and unfavorable (category ratings 4 and 5) groups. Kappa statistics was used to evaluate the intra- and inter-examiner agreements and logistic regression analysis was used to explore the responsible factors that affect dental arch relationship. Results: Total 37 subjects (44% of all subjects) were categorized into unfavourable group (category rating 4 and 5) using GOSLON yardstick. Intra- and inter-examiner agreements were very good. The mean GOSLON score was 3.238. Using crude and stepwise backward regression analysis, significant association was found between family history of skeletal class III malocclusion (p = 0.015 and p = 0.014 respectively) and unfavourable dental arch relationship. Complete UCLP (p = 0.054) and left sided UCLP (p = 0.053) also seemed to be correlated but not significant with unfavourable dental arch relationship using crude and stepwise backward regression analysis respectively. Conclusion: This analysis suggested that family history of skeletal class III was significantly correlated with unfavourable dental arch relationship of Bangladeshi UCLP children.

Cleft Lip and/or Palate: 10 Years Experience at a Pediatric Cleft Center in Southern Thailand

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 597-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somchit Jaruratanasirikul ◽  
Vichai Chichareon ◽  
Nuria Pattanapreechawong ◽  
Pasuree Sangsupavanich
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
History Of ◽  
Isolated Cleft Palate

Objective: To study the clinical characteristics, demographic data, and associated congenital anomalies of pediatric patients with cleft lip and/or palate in Southern Thailand. Design: Retrospective, hospital-based study. Setting: Cleft Clinic Center, Songklanagarind Hospital Participants: Children with cleft lip and/or palate who were born or seen at Songklanagarind Hospital between January 1997 and December 2006. Main Outcome Measure: Clinical features including demographic data, types of cleft, associated anomalies, family history of clefts, and physical growth. Results: A total of 153 children were seen during the studied period, of whom 36 (23.5%) had isolated cleft lip, 32 (20.9%) had isolated cleft palate, and 85 (55.6%) had combined cleft lip and palate. Twenty-seven children (17.7%) had a family history of clefts. Congenital malformations (syndromic cleft) were found in 20 children (13%), and chromosomal abnormalities were found in four of these (20%). There were no significant differences among the three groups (isolated cleft lip, isolated cleft palate, and combined cleft lip and palate) in maternal and paternal ages, gestational age, birth weight, family history of cleft, or associated malformations. The physical growth parameters of children with nonsyndromic cleft were the same as in the general population. Children with syndromic cleft were significantly lighter at birth and had grown up significantly shorter and lighter, with smaller head circumference. Conclusions: Chromosomal abnormalities are commonly found in children with syndromic cleft. Children with nonsyndromic cleft have normal growth; whereas, those with syndromic cleft have some degree of prenatal and postnatal growth restriction.

scholarly journals Fissura Labiopalatina e Câncer: uma Conexão Verdadeira

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Rezende Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Molecular Defects ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
Facial Development

Multifactorial cleft lip and palate is relatively common in populations (1 in every 700 livebirths). Individuals born with clefts require lifelong treatment after initial surgical repair and data suggested that their lifespan is shorter, possibly due to cancer or psychiatric conditions. Molecular defects that alter facial development in utero appear to later in life predispose to cancer. Common polymorphisms in e-cadherin and an endoplasmic reticulum transmembrane sensor gene appear to hold the promise to be biomarkers that may help to define individual risks to cancer, in the presence or not of family history of clefts.

Comparative Evaluation of Palatal Length, Speech Outcome, and Surgical Complications With Use of Von Langenbeck and Bardach 2 Flap Technique for the Repair of Cleft Palate: A Prospective Randomized Study

FACE ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 273250162110618
Author(s):  
Yash A. Oswal ◽  
Srivalli Natarajan ◽  
Gaurav S. Despande ◽  
Neha S. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Soft Palate ◽  
Surgical Complications ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Intravelar Veloplasty

Purpose: Successful closure of cleft palate is no more the sole criteria for determining the success of palatoplasty. Approximating soft palate musculature plays an equally important role. A continuous palate with muscular sling, speech and unhampered maxillary growth are 3 important goals of palatoplasty. The current study compared 2 popular palatoplasty techniques and also focused on other vital secondary parameters which would alter the final outcome of palatoplasty. Methods: Thirty-two primary cleft palate patients with repaired cleft lip ranging from 4 to 30 years were randomly and equally divided into 2 groups. Group A underwent Langenbeck and Group B underwent Bardach palatoplasty. Sommerlad’s Intra-Velar Veloplasty was performed in all patients. The patients were evaluated for certain palatal and cleft measurements, speech, and surgical complications. The study also compared impact of cleft severity on speech and complications. Results: All the patients showed improvement in palatal length and speech. Significant palatal lengthening was achieved by Bardach as compared to Langenbeck palatoplasty ( P = .002). Amongst the various speech parameters so compared Bardach group showed better speech articulation post-operatively ( P = .020). No significant difference was found between the 2 groups in relation to other speech parameters. Total 4 complications were encountered 2 belonging to each group. Conclusion: Hard palate cleft repair technique plays little role as far as speech outcomes are concerned. It was Intravelar Veloplasty which reestablished the velopharyngeal sphincter and improved the quality of speech. Hence restoring the muscular sling of soft palate using radical dissection should be stressed upon by the surgeons besides the closure of cleft. The current study found few confounding factors such as age, cleft width, and Veau’s class which altered the speech outcomes and/or complications of palatoplasty.

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