Common conditions of abutment teeth and their severity in subjects requesting fixed dental prostheses at Watim Dental Hospital, Rawalpindi.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the abutments in subjects requesting for fixed dental prosthesis (FDP) and to determine the frequency of compromised coronal conditions and their severity levels. Study Design: Descriptive, Cross-sectional Study. Setting: Department of Prosthodontics at Watim Dental Hospital, Rawalpindi. Period: August 2019 to March 2020. Material & Methods: Conducted on 163 subjects. Abutments were evaluated in terms of clinical crown length, crown inclination, caries and/or fracture, type and quality of restoration. Abutments were categorized on the basis of complexity of the procedure required to make the abutment usable for fixed dental prosthesis. Arch-wise distribution of the abutment with compromised conditions and their proportion was also calculated. Results: The mean age of the participants was 39.42 + 11.56 years with male to female ratio of with 2.2:1. Maximum number of the patients had edentulous spaces located in the mandibular posterior region. Tooth no. 46 displayed the highest frequency of use as abutment while tooth no. 18, 28,31,32,42 displayed the least frequency of use as FDP abutment. About half of the abutments (47%) had compromised restoration quality. On the basis of the degree of compromise, 41.1% of the abutments were usable without further treatment or required a simple corrective procedure, 45.4% required a relatively complex procedure to make them useable while 11% had sufficient compromise to preclude their use for FPD support. Only 2.5% of abutments were classified as adequate. Conclusion: About half of the studied abutments in subjects reporting for replacement of missing teeth with FDP were found to be compromised and a substantial proportion required complex restorative treatment/re-treatment prior to be used as FDP abutments.

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Visible Portion of Anterior Teeth at Rest and Analysis of Different Smile Characteristics in the Saudi Population of the Jeddah Region

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2020/8859376 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Mohamed Abdelmageed Awad ◽

Doaa Saleh Alghamdi ◽

Aljawharah Talal Alghamdi

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Saudi Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Crown Length ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Dental Hospital ◽

Mandibular Teeth ◽

And Gender ◽

Age Range

This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the degree of visibility of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth at rest in different age groups and to evaluate the smile line, smile arc, and number of maxillary teeth displayed during smiling among the Saudi population visiting King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A total of 157 participants (77 males and 80 females) were included in this study with an age range of 19 to 69 years. All participants had maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth without restorations. Crown length and visible portions of anterior teeth at rest were measured using a Fowler Electronic Digital Caliper. Three measurements of each variable were recorded by two independent dental interns and calibrating their measurements was performed. Smile line, smile arc, and number of teeth displayed during smiling were examined. The collected data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software. It was found that the average clinical crown lengths in the maxillary lateral incisor, mandibular central incisor, and canine were significantly higher in males than females. At rest position, females displayed more maxillary central and lateral incisors. The displayed length of maxillary teeth at rest is inversely proportional to increasing age; the reverse occurs in mandibular teeth. The common visibility of maxillary teeth during smiling was from the second bicuspid to its counterpart. Average smile line and consonant smile arc were the most common characteristics. It was concluded that both age and gender affect the characteristics of tooth display at rest and in smiling. These effects should be considered during treatment planning and restoration of anterior teeth to obtain a more predictable esthetic outcome.

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Satisfaction Level among Patients Treated with Fixed Dental Prosthesis in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Journal of Nepal Medical Association ◽

10.31729/jnma.4720 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 58 (221) ◽

Author(s):

Lajana Shrestha ◽

Sirjana Dahal ◽

Dilesh Pradhan ◽

Junu Lohani

Keyword(s):

Oral Hygiene ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dental Prosthesis ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Fixed Dental Prosthesis ◽

Hygiene Measures ◽

Chewing Ability ◽

Fixed Prosthesis

Introduction: Dental treatment aims at correction of existing disease; prevention of future diseasewith rehabilitation of patient’s lost functional capacity and aesthetics. Fixed dental prosthesis is anyprosthesis that is cemented to a natural tooth or dental implants abutments that cannot be removedby patient. The success of prosthodontic treatment is related to prosthesis survival, with its ability tofulfil biologic and patient-evaluated objectives with patient satisfaction. This study is aimed to findthe patient satisfaction with fixed prosthodontic treatment. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done in a tertiary care hospital among 102patients rehabilitated with fixed dental prosthesis from August to September 2019 after takingethical approval from Institutional Review Committee of Kathmandu Medical College. (IRC No.1207201918). Convenience sampling was done. The questionnaire assessed patient’s satisfaction offixed prosthesis on the basis of appearance, chewing ability, cleansibility, speech and awarenessof oral hygiene measures for cleaning of the prosthesis. Data entry was done in Microsoft exceland analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS)version 20.0, point estimate at 95%Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: The majority of the patients 87 (85.3%) were satisfied with their fixed prosthesis, at 95%confidence interval (93.5- 81%). Eighty one (79.4%) were satisfied with their chewing ability; 99(97.1%) satisfied with their speech, 78 (76.4%) satisfied with appearance of fixed prosthesis. Ninetyeight patients (96.1%) were aware of oral hygiene measures, out of which only 66 (67.3%) usedinterdental aids for cleaning of their fixed prosthesis. Conclusions: Several factors (chewing ability, appearance, speech, cleansibility of fixed prosthesis)had positive impact on overall satisfaction in majority of the patients. Dentists should continue toemphasise on the significance of maintaining good oral hygiene and use of interdental aids for thelongevity of fixed prosthesis.

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Frequency of Neck and Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders in Dentists

Journal of Islamabad Medical & Dental College ◽

10.35787/jimdc.v9i3.404 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 207-211

Author(s):

Sidra Sarwar ◽

Sara Khalid ◽

Tahir Mahmood ◽

Hadeeqa Jabeen ◽

Shahid Imran

Keyword(s):

Upper Extremity ◽

Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dental Hospital ◽

Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

And Performance

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are not only becoming prevalent among health care professionals in our country but are affecting their health and performance adversely. They are caused by poor ergonomics and awkward posture during work activities. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of neck and upper limb musculoskeletal disorders in dentists of Lahore, Pakistan. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during October 2017 to March 2018. The data was collected using convenient sampling technique from 162 Dentists including 52 males and 110 females of Children hospital Lahore, Punjab Dental hospital and Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore. Data was collected by using Mangalore Questionnaire for identification of musculoskeletal disorders. Descriptive analysis of the data was done using SPSS version 22.0. Results: Of 162 dentists, 115 (71%) suffered from musculoskeletal disorders. Shoulder was the most commonly affected region (30.9%) followed by neck (25.9%), arm (6.2%), wrist (4.3%), elbow (3.1%) and forearm (0.6%). Pain (45.7%) was found to be the most common complaint followed by muscle weakness (20.4%), paraesthesia (3.7%) and swelling (1.2%). Conclusions: It was concluded that majority of the dentists were suffering from musculoskeletal disorders with shoulder as the most affected region and pain as the most frequent complaint. Key words: Dentists, Musculoskeletal disorders, Neck pain, Upper extremity

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Blood Pressure and Tooth Loss: A Large Cross-Sectional Study with Age Mediation Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18010285 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 285

Author(s):

José João Mendes ◽

João Viana ◽

Filipe Cruz ◽

Dinis Pereira ◽

Sílvia Ferreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Tooth Loss ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Mediation Effect ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Undiagnosed Hypertension ◽

Dental Hospital ◽

Continuous Measures ◽

Effect Of Age

We aimed to investigate the association between blood pressure (BP) and tooth loss and the mediation effect of age. A cross-sectional study from a reference dental hospital was conducted from September 2017 to July 2020. Single measures of BP were taken via an automated sphygmomanometer device. Tooth loss was assessed through oral examination and confirmed radiographically. Severe tooth loss was defined as 10 or more teeth lost. Additional study covariates were collected via sociodemographic and medical questionnaires. A total of 10,576 patients were included. Hypertension was more prevalent in severe tooth loss patients than nonsevere tooth lost (56.1% vs. 39.3%, p < 0.001). The frequency of likely undiagnosed hypertension was 43.4%. The adjusted logistic model for sex, smoking habits and body mass index confirmed the association between continuous measures of high BP and continuous measures of tooth loss (odds ratio (OR) = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.03–1.06, p < 0.001). Age mediated 80.0% and 87.5% of the association between periodontitis with both systolic BP (p < 0.001) and diastolic BP (p < 0.001), respectively. Therefore, hypertension and tooth loss are associated, with a consistent mediation effect of age. Frequency of undiagnosed hypertension was elevated. Age, gender, active smoking, and BMI were independently associated with raised BP.

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Risk Factors, Pattern and Outcome of Motorcycle-associated Head Injury in Sokoto: An Analysis of 184 Cases

Indian Journal of Neurotrauma ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1722553 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Henry Olayere Obanife ◽

Nasiru Jinjiri Ismail ◽

Ali Lasseini ◽

Bello B. Shehu ◽

Ega J. Otorkpa

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Head Injury ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Male Female Ratio ◽

Significant Negative Impact

Abstract Background Road traffic accident (RTA) is the eighth leading cause of death worldwide. Motorcycle-associated head injury is the leading cause of road traffic associated morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Even though the incidence and mortality of head injury from motor cycle crash is on the increase in developing countries, especially in the African continent, most of the studies published in the literature on this subject matter took place in the developed Western countries. Methods This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of data from patients managed in our institution between December 2014 and November 2016. Results One hundred and eighty-four patients were analyzed. None of the patients used safety helmet for protection. The mean age was 27.6 ± 17.2 years with male female ratio of 6.7:1. Lone crash by cyclists and collisions accounted for 66.8% and 33.1% of the cases, respectively. Passengers and riders comprised 75% of the patients, while 25% were vulnerable pedestrians. The most frequently abused substance by the patients was tramadol (65.52%). Severe head injury and pupillary abnormality were found in 23.9% and 45.5% of the patients, respectively. Cranial CT scan showed abnormalities in 40.2% of the patients. Surgery was done in 28.3% of the patients with mortality rate of 20.7%. Conclusions The use of motorcycle as a mean of transportation has caused significant negative impact on the society. Young people, who constitute the workforce, are majorly affected, and this invariably leads to a serious economic burden on the concerned families and communities.

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What variables are associated with use of and need for dental prosthesis? A cross‐sectional study

Gerodontology ◽

10.1111/ger.12552 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nathália P. Rosalen ◽

Francisco Wilker M. G. Muniz ◽

Natália R. Scalco ◽

Koriandher da S. Dezingrini ◽

Eliane L. Colussi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dental Prosthesis ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

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Pairs of natural teeth rather than use of dental prosthesis are associated with nutritional status in older adults: a cross-sectional study

Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103656 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 103656

Author(s):

Pedro Paulo de Almeida Dantas ◽

Paulo Roberto Grafitti Colussi ◽

Koriandher da Silva Dezingrini ◽

Diandra Genoveva Sachetti ◽

Francisco Wilker Mustafa Gomes Muniz

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dental Prosthesis ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Natural Teeth

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Frequency of High MELD Score in Cirrhotic Patients undergoing Liver Resection due to Hepatocellular Carcinoma

10.53350/pjmhs211592841 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 2841-2843

Author(s):

Muhammad Omer Farooq ◽

Niaz Ahmed ◽

Hassan Nadeem ◽

Kashif Rafi ◽

Sadia Jabbar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Liver Resection ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Meld Score ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Score Study ◽

Insignificant Difference ◽

Cirrhotic Patients ◽

Male To Female

Objective: To determine the frequency of high MELD score in cirrhotic patients undergoing liver resection due to hepatocellular carcinoma also compare the frequency of mortality in patients with high or low MELD score. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and Duration: Department of Gastroenterology, Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore. Duration: 6months i.e. 23 12-2017 to 22-06-2018. Methodology: 75 patients were enrolled. Then blood sample was obtained. Reports assessed and MELD score calculated. Scores were labeled as high or low. Patients underwent liver resection according to BCLC. The mortality was noted. All the collected data was entered and analyzed on SPSS version 22. Results: In this study out of total 75 cases 60 were males and 15 females. The mean age of patients was 39.44±9.76 years, male to female ratio was 4:1. Low MELD class was noted in 45 (60%) cases and high MELD class noted in 30(40%) cases. Mortality occurred in 27(36%) cases. Insignificant difference found between the MELD class with mortality. Conclusion: High MELD score was seen in 40% cirrhotic patients undergoing liver resection due to HCC. Post HCC resection, mortality occurred in 36% patients within three months of surgery. No significant association was found between the mortality and MELD score. Keywords: MELD, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Mortality, Cirrhosis

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‘Ice’ flavoured e-cigarette use among young adults

Tobacco Control ◽

10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2020-056416 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. tobaccocontrol-2020-056416

Author(s):

Adam Leventhal ◽

Hongying Dai ◽

Jessica Barrington-Trimis ◽

Steve Sussman

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Los Angeles ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Web Based ◽

The Past ◽

Frequency Of Use ◽

Exposure Variable

Background‘Ice’ e-cigarette flavours—marketed as a combination of fruity/sweet and cooling flavours (eg, ‘blueberry ice’ or ‘melon ice’)—recently entered the US market. The prevalence and correlates of ice flavoured e-cigarette use in young adults are unknown.MethodsThis cross-sectional study of a Los Angeles, California, USA, cohort analysed data from the past 30-day e-cigarette (current) users (n=344; M (SD)=21.2 (0.4) years old) who completed web-based surveys from May–August 2020. The exposure variable was self-reported e-cigarette flavour used most often in the past month (menthol/mint, fruit/sweet or ice). Outcomes included self-reported combustible tobacco use, vaping dependence symptoms, frequency of use and device type used.ResultsAmong current e-cigarette users, 48.8% reported using ice flavours most often, 33.7% predominately used fruit/sweet and 17.4% used menthol/mint. Using primarily ice-flavour was associated with reporting more past-30-day vaping days (vs menthol/mint: b=4.4, 95% CI (1 to 7.7); vs fruit/sweet: b=3.6, 95% CI (0.8 to 6.4)) and more episodes per vaping day versus fruit/sweet users (b=2.4, 95% CI (0.5 to 4.3)). Ice-flavour users were less likely than menthol/mint users to use JUUL/cartridge-based rechargeable (OR=0.1, 95% CI (0.03 to 0.45)) and more likely than sweet/fruit users to use disposable non-cartridge (OR=3.9, 95% CI (2.1 to 7.4)) devices than refillable/rechargeable tank/pen or other devices. Ice users had greater odds of past 30-day combustible tobacco use versus menthol/mint users (OR=2.7, 95% CI (1.3 to 5.7)) and vaping dependence symptoms than versus sweet/fruit users (OR=2.6, 95% CI (1.5 to 4.4)).ConclusionYoung adult use of ice flavoured e-cigarettes may be common and positively associated with combustible tobacco use, nicotine vaping frequency and dependence and use of disposable e-cigarette devices. Further study of the prevalence, determinants and health effects of ice flavoured e-cigarette use is warranted.

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HIV Prevalence and Frequency of Risk Behavior in Injecting Drug Users Entering Treatment and Out of Treatment: A Cross-Sectional Study in Five Italian Cities

Journal of Drug Issues ◽

10.1177/002204269402400312 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 527-535 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Giovanni Rezza ◽

Stefania Salmaso ◽

Damiano Abeni ◽

Giovanna Brancato ◽

Alessandra Anemona ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Behavior ◽

Drug Users ◽

Injecting Drug Users ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hiv Prevalence ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Outreach Programs ◽

Male To Female

We conducted a study to describe current patterns of drug-related behaviors, and to identify characteristics that may distinguish injecting drug users entering treatment from those out of treatment, in five Italian cities. Overall, 1,180 subjects were recruited — 568 entering treatment and 612 out of treatment. Male to female ratio was 6.6:1. The median age was similar in the two groups. A high proportion of injecting drug users recruited out of treatment had been in treatment at least once. HIV prevalence among injecting drug users entering treatment was not higher than that of those who were out of treatment. Furthermore, a large proportion of injecting drug users who still were out of treatment reported having adopted safe behaviors. The results of the study emphasize the need to implement outreach programs aimed at harm reduction.

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