scholarly journals Visible Portion of Anterior Teeth at Rest and Analysis of Different Smile Characteristics in the Saudi Population of the Jeddah Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abdelmageed Awad ◽  
Doaa Saleh Alghamdi ◽  
Aljawharah Talal Alghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Saudi Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Crown Length ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
Mandibular Teeth ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range

This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the degree of visibility of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth at rest in different age groups and to evaluate the smile line, smile arc, and number of maxillary teeth displayed during smiling among the Saudi population visiting King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A total of 157 participants (77 males and 80 females) were included in this study with an age range of 19 to 69 years. All participants had maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth without restorations. Crown length and visible portions of anterior teeth at rest were measured using a Fowler Electronic Digital Caliper. Three measurements of each variable were recorded by two independent dental interns and calibrating their measurements was performed. Smile line, smile arc, and number of teeth displayed during smiling were examined. The collected data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software. It was found that the average clinical crown lengths in the maxillary lateral incisor, mandibular central incisor, and canine were significantly higher in males than females. At rest position, females displayed more maxillary central and lateral incisors. The displayed length of maxillary teeth at rest is inversely proportional to increasing age; the reverse occurs in mandibular teeth. The common visibility of maxillary teeth during smiling was from the second bicuspid to its counterpart. Average smile line and consonant smile arc were the most common characteristics. It was concluded that both age and gender affect the characteristics of tooth display at rest and in smiling. These effects should be considered during treatment planning and restoration of anterior teeth to obtain a more predictable esthetic outcome.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Objective and Subjective Measures of Respiration in Healthy Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Pranali Chavan ◽  
Jyoti Mohite
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Maximum Phonation Time ◽  
Group I ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Effect Of Age

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the gender and age effect on lung function measures and maximum phonation time in the age range of 20-60 years. The present study also aimed to evaluate correlation between FEV1 and maximum phonation time. Study Design: Cross- sectional study, Convenience sampling method Method: The lung function measures (FVC, FEV1, & FEV1/FVC) and maximum phonation time were obtained from 200 healthy participants in the age range of 20-60 years. These participants were divided into two groups (Group I - 20- 40 years & Group II - 41- 60 years) with equal number of males and females in each group. The lung function measures were obtained using Easy on PC spirometer. Three consecutive trials were collected for MPT using stopwatch. Mann- Whitney U test was used to determine effect of age and gender on lung function measures and MPD. Spearman's Rank Correlations were performed to identify is there any significant relationships between the FEV1 and MPT of /a/, /i/, /u/, /s/, and /z/. Results: There were significant effect of gender on FVC, FEV1, & MPT except on FEV1/FVC. There was significant effect of age in both genders on FVC, FEV1, & FEV1/FVC. There was no significant effect of age in both genders on MPT /i/, /u/, /s/, and /z/ except MPT /a/ for males. FEV1 showed significant positive correlation with MPD (/a/, /i/, /u/, /s/, and /z/). Conclusions: The mean FVC and FEV1 were lower in females and higher in males in both the age groups. Maximum phonation time of /a/, /i/, /u/, /s/, and /z/ was longer in males as compared to female. Age has inverse effect on lung function measure and MPT. FEV1 showed positive correlation with MPT, which indicates that FEV1 increases with increase in MPT. Key words: Maximum Phonation Time, Lung Function Measures.

CONCENTRATION OF THE SERUM TGF-BETA1 IN HEALTHY ADULT PEOPLE

2014 ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
Van Tuan Nguyen ◽  
Tam Vo ◽  
Bui Bao Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta1 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender

Elevated serum Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) levels have been linked to tissue fibrosis including chronic kidney disease. Objectives: (1) Investigate serum TGF-beta1 levels in healthy adult people and (2) Examined the relation between serum TGF-beta1 level and gender, age, body mass index (BMI). Method: A cross-sectional study. TGF-beta1 were quantified by ELISA. Results: Levels of serum TGF-beta1 in healthy people were 13,45 ± 7,17 ng/mL mL (0,59 - 33,10 ng/mL). There are no difference of serum TGF-beta1 levels between men and women, between the age groups (<40 years, 40 to < 60 years and ≥ 60 years), between BMI groups < 23 and BMI group ≥ 23. Key words: TGF-beta1, healthy people

scholarly journals Relación entre conducta prosocial, resolución de problemas y consumo de drogas en adolescentes

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Hernández-Serrano ◽  
José P. Espada ◽  
Alejandro Guillén-Riquelme
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Prosocial Behaviour ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Problem Solving Strategies ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Prosocial Behaviours ◽  
Age Range

<p>The objectives of the present study are the following ones: 1) to study the use of drugs, the prosocial behaviour and the problem-solving skills with respect to age and gender, and 2) to analyze the association of both the prosocial behaviour and the problem-solving skills with the use of drugs. An exploratory cross-sectional study was performed, amongst a sample of 567 students in Spanish Compulsory Secondary Education (48.14% males) with an age range from 14 to 17 years (<em>M </em>= 14.92; <em>SD </em>= 0.90). Statistically significant differences were found concerning alcohol use and the prosocial behaviour with respect to gender, as well as concerning alcohol and cannabis use with respect to age. Logistic regression analyses revealed statistical significance of the prosocial behaviour with respect to the use of alcohol and cannabis. The ability in problem-solving was the most important protective predictor with respect to the abuse of cannabis. The results from this study enhance the importance of tailored interventions based on the promotion of prosocial behaviours and/or problem-solving strategies as fundamental protective factors for substance use amongst adolescents.</p>

scholarly journals Correlation between bone turnover and metabolic markers with age and gender: a cross-sectional study of hospital information system data

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju Shao ◽  
Shao-Song Zhou ◽  
Yuan Qu ◽  
Bi-Bo Liang ◽  
Qing-Hong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Medication History ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background Bone turnover and metabolic indicators are related to age and gender. Age and gender should be matched in subjects in disease control research of bone turnover and metabolism, but strict matching of gender and age increases the difficulty and cost of the research. Therefore, the aim of this study was to solve it is necessary to strictly match age and gender in clinical research in bone metabolism. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from the data were extracted from the HIS of ZhuJiang Hospital. Data relating to seven bone turnover and metabolic indicators from 1036 patients between January 2018 and October 2019 were analyzed. Results P1NP, β-CTx and 25(OH)D were significant different in individuals younger than 20 years of age. ALP was significantly higher in those under 20 years of age and lower at age 20–39 compared with other age groups. The concentrations of Ca and P were different among the groups aged 0–19, 20–39, and 40–59 years of age groups but exhibited no difference above 60 years of age. PTH expression was not dependent on age. P1NP, β-CTx and PTH concentrations were not significantly different between the genders within the same age group. ALP was significantly different between genders within the age range 20–59 years. Ca and 25(OH)D were significantly different between the genders for those older than 60. Serum P was significantly different in the two genders for those aged 40–79. Patients received both alfacalcidol and calcium treatment differently from the others in P1NP, β-CTx, Serum Ca, P and ALP. Conclusion P1NP and β-CTx were highly correlated with age. If these two indictors require analysis in a case control study, the patients and controls should be strictly matched by age under 20 years. The demarcation point for ALP was 40 years of age. Ca and P were strongly recommended strict matching according to age in disease research. The difference in P1NP, β-CTx, 25(OH)D and ALP between genders depends on age differences. Medication history should be considered in bone turnover and metabolic clinical research.

scholarly journals Prevalence and gender differences of buccally displaced canines of 12 years school children and 18-23 years adults in Shah-Alam, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Majda T. Elfseyie ◽  
◽  
Nagham M.A. Al-Jaf ◽  
Mohamed I. Abu Hassan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
School Children ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender

Background: The buccally displaced canines (BDC) are more commonly encountered conditions in orthodontic clinics. It is a positional variation result of several factors such as retained deciduous canines, crowding, and lateral incisors anomalous. Aims: To determine the prevalence and gender differences of one-two-three-four buccally displaced canines in the area of Shah-Alam, Malaysia. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 399 subjects; was consist of two age groups; 208 subjects of school children aged 12 years and 191 subjects of adults aged 18-23 years were examined clinically to determine the prevalence of BDC. Statistical analysis: The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 16; a Chi-square test was performed to assess the gender differences. Results: No gender differences were found in the school-children group while in the adults group a significant gender difference was found regarding one and four canine displacements (P < 0.05). The prevalence of one-two-three canine displacement was higher significantly between the two groups (P < 0.05). However, the frequency of one canine displacement was higher significantly in adult females and girls (P < 0.05). The frequency of three canines displacement was approximately equal in both genders. Conclusion: The frequency of one canine displacement was higher significantly in females. However, the frequency of four canines displacement was higher significantly in males. These features may help in providing additional clinical signs in diagnosis and interception of such clinical situation. It will be effective in treatment plan procedure if canine displacement is detected early, help clinicians on the prevention of impaction possibility.

scholarly journals Common conditions of abutment teeth and their severity in subjects requesting fixed dental prostheses at Watim Dental Hospital, Rawalpindi.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (02) ◽  
pp. 253-259
Author(s):  
Aamna Khalil ◽  
Zarah Afreen ◽  
Ammarah Afreen ◽  
Umer Javed ◽  
Shoaib Rahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Prosthesis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Restorative Treatment ◽  
Crown Length ◽  
Fixed Dental Prosthesis ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
Complex Procedure

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the abutments in subjects requesting for fixed dental prosthesis (FDP) and to determine the frequency of compromised coronal conditions and their severity levels. Study Design: Descriptive, Cross-sectional Study. Setting: Department of Prosthodontics at Watim Dental Hospital, Rawalpindi. Period: August 2019 to March 2020. Material & Methods: Conducted on 163 subjects. Abutments were evaluated in terms of clinical crown length, crown inclination, caries and/or fracture, type and quality of restoration. Abutments were categorized on the basis of complexity of the procedure required to make the abutment usable for fixed dental prosthesis. Arch-wise distribution of the abutment with compromised conditions and their proportion was also calculated. Results: The mean age of the participants was 39.42 + 11.56 years with male to female ratio of with 2.2:1. Maximum number of the patients had edentulous spaces located in the mandibular posterior region. Tooth no. 46 displayed the highest frequency of use as abutment while tooth no. 18, 28,31,32,42 displayed the least frequency of use as FDP abutment. About half of the abutments (47%) had compromised restoration quality. On the basis of the degree of compromise, 41.1% of the abutments were usable without further treatment or required a simple corrective procedure, 45.4% required a relatively complex procedure to make them useable while 11% had sufficient compromise to preclude their use for FPD support. Only 2.5% of abutments were classified as adequate. Conclusion: About half of the studied abutments in subjects reporting for replacement of missing teeth with FDP were found to be compromised and a substantial proportion required complex restorative treatment/re-treatment prior to be used as FDP abutments.

scholarly journals Correlation between bone turnover and metabolic markers with age and gender: a cross-sectional study of hospital information system data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Ju ◽  
Shaosong Zhou ◽  
Yuan Qu ◽  
bibo liang ◽  
Qing-Hong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Metabolic Markers ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background: Bone turnover and metabolic indicators are related to age and gender. Age and gender should be matched in subjects in disease control research of bone turnover and metabolism, but strict matching of gender and age increases the difficulty and cost of the research. Therefore, the aim of this study was to solve the question of whether it is necessary to strictly match age and gender in clinical research in bone metabolism.METHODS: Patient data were extracted from the HIS of ZhuJiang Hospital, Southern Medical University. From these data, a cross-sectional study was conducted. Data relating to seven bone turnover and metabolic indicators from 1036 patients between January 2018 and October 2019 were analyzed. A total of 156 patients aged under 20 were identified and analyzed separately. RESULTS: P1NP, β-CTx and 25(OH)D were significant different in individuals younger than 20 years of age. ALP was significantly higher in those under 20 years of age and lower at age 20-39 compared with other age groups. The concentrations of Ca and P were different among the groups aged 0-19, 20-39, and 40-59 years of age groups but exhibited no difference above 60 years of age. PTH expression was not dependent on age. P1NP, β-CTx and PTH concentrations were not significantly different between the genders within the same age group. ALP was significantly different between genders within the age range 20-59 years. Ca and 25(OH)D were significantly different between the genders for those older than 60. Serum P was significantly different in the two genders for those aged 40-79. CONCLUSION: P1NP and β-CTx were highly correlated with age. If these two indictors require analysis in a case control study, the patients and controls should be strictly matched by age under 20 years. The demarcation point for ALP was 40 years of age. Ca and P were strongly recommended strict matching according to age in disease research. The difference in P1NP, β-CTx, 25(OH)D and ALP between genders depends on age differences.

scholarly journals Aptidão cardiorrespiratória em crianças e adolescentes

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 535-543
Author(s):  
Kenia Rejane de Oliveira Batista ◽  
Mona Gizelle Dreger de Oliveira ◽  
Carla Fabiane dos Santos Lemos ◽  
Josiene De Oliveira Couto ◽  
Nara Michelle Moura Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
And Gender

Cardiorespiratory fitness is an important health status indicator. The purpose of this study was to verify the cardiorespiratory fitness according to age group and gender in children and adolescents from Sergipe, Brazil. It is a cross-sectional study with sample consisting of 195 adolescents of both genders with mean age of 11.75 ± 3.0 years. For the characterization of participants, a questionnaire with age and gender identification designed by researchers was used. Subsequently, participants were submitted to anthropometric evaluation in order to estimate the maturational stage by means of the peak height velocity (PHV). The 20-meter back-and-forth test was used to estimate cardiorespiratory fitness. Two-way ANOVA was applied with sample divided into two groups (“up to 13 years” and “above 13 years”). Polynomial contrast was used to identify the type of tendency for cardiorespiratory fitness, and simple contrast for multiple comparisons. All procedures were performed using SPSS version 22.0 software, considering 5% significance level. In the “over 13 years” group, there was a significant effect on the cardiorespiratory capacity behavior according to “gender” [F(1, 45) = 5.54, p = 0.02, r = 0.33] and “age” [F(4.45) = 3.37, p = 0.02, r = 0.48]. The simple contrast identified increased cardiorespiratory fitness behavior in relation to age groups of 15 and 16 year when compared to the age group of 14 years. It was concluded that gender and age positively influence cardiorespiratory fitness from the maturational reference age in the study group.

Alexithymia and anxiety symptoms in Pakistani adolescents: a study of compounded directions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Sadia jafer ◽  
Farzana Ashraf ◽  
Amna Arif ◽  
Admin
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Effect Of Age

Abstract     Objectives: There is an empirical evidence that symptoms of internalizing disorders such as alexithymia and anxiety increase in adolescence and these symptoms varies across gender and age groups. The purpose of this study was to explore these differences in adolescents. Method: In this cross-sectional study conducted since November 2018 to March 2019, the sample of 185 adolescents selected through random sampling method from different schools. They were assessed on alexithymia and anxiety symptoms by administering Toronto Alexithymia Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Scale respectively. Multiple Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was applied to determine the direct and interactive effect of age groups and gender on alexithymia and anxiety symptoms. Results: The results demonstrate that boys reported significantly (p<0.05) higher level of alexithymia symptoms partially (externally oriented) as compared to their counterparts. Further significant (p<0.05) interactive effect of age group and gender was also seen. Conclusion: The present study concluded that the presence of clinical symptoms in school going adolescents may hinder in the physical and psychological health of adolescents, which should be managed through suitable interventions. Keywords: Alexithymia symptoms, Anxiety symptoms, Continuous...

Abstract 660: Prevalence of Hypertension Among Children with Diabetes Mellitus.

Hypertension ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert O Drutel ◽  
Remberto Paulo
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Standard Of Practice ◽  
Age Range

This study aims to determine the prevalence of hypertension among children with diabetes mellitus, and describe adherence to the standard of practice regarding early diagnosis and treatment of hypertension in this population. Diabetes renders higher susceptibility to cardiovascular disease in affected patients and thus early detection of hypertension can be beneficial for future quality of life. We hypothesize that a number of diabetic children with hypertension are not promptly diagnosed and treated due to the difficult process preceding diagnosis. This cross-sectional study in an out-patient clinic of a university hospital was based on a group of 263 children (both females and males, age range between 3-18) diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. At the visit, the child's weight and height were recorded, BMI was calculated, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) was taken, and blood sample drawn for hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) readings. Within the study population we have identified a group of 73 children with hypertension. Comparing the two groups: the normotensive with the hypertensive, we have observed that the normotensive patients have significantly lower average BMI (26.7), p=0.000012 and slightly reduced HbA1C (8.9%), p=0.28 levels compared to the hypertensive group: BMI (32.5) and HbA1C (9.3%), respectively. We investigated the same parameters within every age group starting from age 10, and recorded that HbA1C was only significantly different for the group of 14 year-olds (8.7%; 11.7%, p=0.039). We also found that a significantly higher BMI is linked with hypertension for groups: age 13: BMI (29.2; 33.9, p=0.047), age 14: BMI (24.1; 35.6, p=0.00007) and age 18: BMI (31.8; 45.6, p=0.045). Within the different age groups there were differences between normotensive and hypertensive patients in BMI and HbA1C measurements, but they were not statistically significant and we assume that an increased sample size would be needed to confirm the data. We are currently working on identifying other risk factors including sex, race, height, urine creatinine, urine microalbumin, serum creatinine, lipid profile and thyroid function, that might be responsible for hypertension in pediatric patients with type 2 diabetes.

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