La progresiva construcción de un nuevo paradigma de política social en Venezuela

Oikos ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (30) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Mateo Tomé
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Social Expenditure ◽  
Social Mission ◽  
Policy Paradigm ◽  
Economic Program ◽  
The Social

RESUMENEn este artículo se analiza el desarrollo de la política social por parte del gobierno de Venezuela en la última década, desde la perspectiva del nuevo paradigma que se intenta configurar para lograr la efectiva universalidad de los derechos sociales. Para ello se expondrán los rasgos esenciales de la política social implementada por los gobiernos anteriores, el contexto sociopolítico y el programa económico gubernamental, junto con una cuantificación del gasto social, lo cual permitirá identificar las rupturas y continuidades existentes. Asimismo, el estudio aborda tres ámbitos de la política social: la educación, la sanidad y la alimentación.Palabras clave: gasto social, educación, sanidad, alimentación, misiones sociales. The progressive construction of a new social policy paradigm in Venezuela.ABSTRACTThis article analyzes the development of the social policy by the Venezuelan government in the last decade, from the perspective of the new paradigm, which is tentatively assembled to achieve the effective universalization of the social rights. For this purpose, we will expose the essential features of the social policy developed by prior governments, the social-politic context and the governmental economic program, alongside a quantification of the social expenditure, which will allow to identify the existing ruptures and continuances. Furthermore, it addresses three areas of the social policy: education, health and nutrition.Keywords: social expenditure, education, health, nutrition, social mission.

Digital single market - a new impetus on EU social policy?

2020 ◽  
Vol 338 ◽  
pp. 265-275
Author(s):  
Daniel Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Single Market ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Reform Agenda ◽  
The Social ◽  
Digital Skills ◽  
Current Reform ◽  
Training Programmes

In July 2019 the new president of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, presented her guidelines for the period of presidency 2019-2024. While most proposals perpetuate the current reform agenda, the focus on the social dimension of the single market is remarkable. Von der Leyen has not only announced the full implementation of the European Pillar on Social Rights, but also highlighted new investment in digital competences seen as a key to competitiveness and innovation of the European economy. This paper will discuss whether the dynamics of the digital single market could lead to a new impetus on EU social policy and on European funding of training programmes. Therefore, an overview of significant funding programmes promoting digital skills is given.

Social policy outcomes of government participation by radical right parties

2020 ◽  
pp. 135406882092349
Author(s):  
Juliana Chueri
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Radical Right ◽  
Policy Position ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Social Expenditure ◽  
The Social ◽  
Radical Right Parties ◽  
The Welfare State

The literature has pointed to a change in radical right-wing parties’ (RRWPs) position regarding the welfare state. Those parties have abandoned the neoliberal approach on distributive issues and have become defenders of social expenditure for deserving groups. Nevertheless, as RRWPs have joined with right-wing mainstream parties to form governments, their distributive policy position might cause conflict in a coalition. This study, therefore, addresses this puzzle by analysing the social policy outcomes of RRWPs’ government participation. The conclusion is that those parties contribute to the welfare state retrenchment. However, policies are not affected evenly. Expenditure that targets groups regarded as undeserving by the radical right is retrenched the most.

Marshall revisited: EU social policy from a social-rights perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-435
Author(s):  
Stefanie Börner
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Social Citizenship ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Level ◽  
Social Commitment ◽  
Economic Framework ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social

The common legal and economic framework of the European Union (EU) has turned the vast socio-economic differences within Europe into virulent problems of social inequality – issues that it attempts to tackle within its limited resources. The article takes the EU’s self-expressed social commitment as a starting point and analyses its approaches to social policy from a social-rights perspective. It first discusses why Marshall’s social-citizenship concept provides a useful analytical tool to assess the social policies enacted so far at the European level and then presents an institutional analysis of the EU’s four major social-policy activities: harmonising, funding, coordination and cooperation. This analysis focuses on the horizontal and vertical relationships and the addressees of these policies to determine how these policies measure up against social-rights standards. The findings point to the poor development of transnational social citizenship given the special nature of EU social policies. The only social rights that exist at the European level are in the field of social-security coordination. And even those are marked by a double selectivity that excludes citizens who are not transnationally active and those who are but lack the necessary means to provide for themselves.

Social Investment

2021 ◽  
pp. 187-205
Author(s):  
Julian L. Garritzmann
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Investment Policies ◽  
Policy Paradigm ◽  
The Social ◽  
Human Skills

This chapter reviews the paradigm and spread of social investment policies, which come in many variants, and discusses them as key elements of the ‘knowledge economy welfare state’. Social investments are policies that aim to create, preserve, and mobilize human skills and capabilities. The chapter discusses the emergence of social investment as a new social policy paradigm, presents different variants of the social investment approach, provides a mapping of social investment policies around the globe, discusses effects of social investment policies, and weighs in on important debates regarding the politics of social investment. The chapter then closes with an outlook on avenues for future research.

Social cyclicality in Asian countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1154-1165
Author(s):  
Deepti Ahuja ◽  
Venkatesh Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Spending ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Social Expenditure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cyclical Pattern ◽  
The Social

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the cyclical pattern of social expenditure during 1980-2012 for a set of Asian countries. The extant literature available so far has captured the cyclicality of fiscal policy only for member countries of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development and for Latin American countries. Moreover, previous studies have largely ignored Asian countries. Design/methodology/approach The analysis used panel data from global macro-databases of the International Monetary Fund, Statistics of public expenditure for economic development and Asian Development Bank. The cyclical components of social spending (health, education, and social protection) and GDP were determined by using the Hodrick-Prescott Filter. A positive (negative) correlation indicates procyclical (countercyclical) fiscal policy. In line with the existing literature on fiscal cyclicality (Gavin and Perotti, 1997; Lane, 2003; Frankel et al., 2013) that has examined the behavior of fiscal policy over the business cycle, regression analysis is used to examine the impact of political and institutional factors on the behavior of social spending. Findings It was found that government social expenditure is procyclical across Asian countries during 1980-2012. However, during the past decade, emerging Asian countries have been able to shift from procyclical to countercyclical social spending. This shows that they had taken several initiatives to boost expenditure in the social sector – be it in social protection, health, or education services. The significant determinant of social cyclicality is the quality of institutions, which could help the government to increase fiscal deficit during recessions and repay the debt during economic booms. However, to some extent, their countercyclical action is restrained by the high accumulated level of public debt. Originality/value In the context of the Asian region, it is important to understand the cyclical pattern of social policy for several reasons. It has been said that crises offer an opportunity for countries to rethink their social policy to achieve more sustained and equitable development. By studying the social spending behavior, the authors can see whether Asian countries were able to grab the opportunity for reshaping their social and economic agenda after the Asian financial crisis.

Neo-liberalism as an ideology, an elite project and its impact on austerity

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Nigel Malin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Audit Culture ◽  
Competition State ◽  
Social Agenda ◽  
The Social

This chapter discusses the relevance of neo-liberalism as both an ideology and as a pragmatic approach, defined as a re-making of the state, where the state is not rolled back as such but is re-shaped, re-configured to better serve the demands of capital. Neo-liberalism represents an attempt to replace political judgement with economic evaluation, including, but not exclusively, the evaluations offered by markets. Writers on this subject such as Davies, Gough, Garrett, Peck, Mirowski and Shaxson are referred to where they address globalisation and audit culture, the logic of markets and economic evaluation. It was believed that the economic pressures generated by neo-liberal globalisation would inexorably lead to welfare state entrenchment or its dissolution and replacement by a lean ‘competition’ state. Yet the global rediscovery of poverty and the challenges to territorially-based conceptions of social rights posed by the increasing flow of migrants have put social policy issues on the social agenda.

‘The People’ and Their Social Rights: What Is Distinctive About the Populism-Religion-Social Policy Nexus?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana Jawad ◽  
Daniel Béland ◽  
Emmanuele Pavolini
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
North Africa ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Preceding Paper ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Political Sciences ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

The aims of this review article are two-fold: (1) to set out the key theoretical trends in the study of religion, populism and social policy as antithetical concepts that also share common concerns; (2) to re-assert the relevance of social policy to the social and political sciences by making the case for studying outlier or indeed rival topics together – in this case populism and religion. Social policy scholars do not necessarily associate these two topics with modern social policy, yet they have a long history of influence on societies all over the world; populism is also especially timely in our current era. The article contributes to the literature by: (a) helping social policy better understand its diverse and at times contradictory constituencies; (b) contributing to a more complex and inclusive understanding of social policy and, therefore, social welfare. In setting out the state-of-the-art, the article also draws upon research on social policy which spans various continents (North America, Europe, the Middle East and North Africa and Latin America) and a preceding paper collaboration by the authors on religion and social policy (Pavolini et al., 2017).

scholarly journals PRINCIPLES OF SOCIAL PROTECTION OF CIVIL SERVANTS

Social Law ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Bezusiy
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Starting Position ◽  
Social Law ◽  
The Social ◽  
Main Thing ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Social Management

In the article the principles of social protection of civil servants are defined as the basic provisions stipulated in the rules of social law, which underlie the formation of activities to ensure the social rights of civil servants and which should be guided in determining the ways, methods of exercising their social protection. It is stated that these principles form a system (general and special principles) that helps to form a proper basis for the social protection of civil servants. The author notes that similar in meaning and, as a rule, often used as a synonym for the word "principle" is the concept of "foundation", which has the meaning "basis of something; the main thing that is based on is something; starting position, principle, principle, basis of outlook, rule of behavior; way, method of doing something. " It is noted that the system of social protection of the population should be built both on the general principles of social management, acting on the system itself, and on the individual, which have a specific orientation. The article covers different views of scientists on the principles of social policy, one of these positions is the view regarding the following characteristics of the basic principles - it is rationality (achieving the optimum balance between the purpose of social policy and its means of implementation), social justice (recognition of equal opportunities for all members of society) and social security (the possibility of predictability of certain life risks). The author defines the concept of "principle of social protection of civil servants", and the proper implementation of the theoretical provisions and practical ways of realizing the goal and principles of social protection of civil servants will provide for the formation of functioning of a really effective mechanism for securing and protecting social rights of this special category of working citizens of Ukraine.

scholarly journals Solidarity and Reciprocity in the Social Investment State: What Can be Learned from the Case of Flemish School Allowances and Truancy?

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
BEA CANTILLON ◽  
WIM VAN LANCKER
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Policy Paradigm ◽  
The Social ◽  
Disciplinary Policy ◽  
Policy Shift

AbstractIn this article, we discuss some of the new tensions that are emerging between the different foundations of the welfare state. Several developments have led to the advent of the social investment state, in which people are being activated and empowered instead of passively protected. We argue that this social policy shift has been accompanied by a normative shift towards a more stringent interpretation of social protection in which individual responsibility and quid pro quo have become the primordial focus. Using the Belgian (Flemish) disciplinary policy on truancy and school allowances as a case in point, we demonstrate that this social policy paradigm may have detrimental consequences for society's weakest: they will not always be able to meet the newly emerged standard of reciprocity. This implies an erosion of the ideal of social protection and encourages new forms of social exclusion. As these changes in the social policy framework are not confined to the Belgian case alone, our analysis bears relevance for all European welfare states.

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