scholarly journals Influence of EDTA on the Electrochemical Removal of Mercury (II) in Soil from San Joaquín, Querétaro, México

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Robles ◽  
T. Serrano ◽  
J. J. Pérez ◽  
G. Hernández ◽  
S. Solís ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Stable Complex ◽  
Complexing Agent ◽  
Electrokinetic Treatment ◽  
Cathodic Side ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Electrochemical Removal

<p>The removal of mercury from soil and Ca-bentonite was performed using electrochemical treatment adding ethylendiaminetetra acetic acid (EDTA) as a complexing agent to improve the electrochemical removal of Hg (II) in soil from San Joaquín, Querétaro, México. During the electrokinetic treatment in the presence of 0.1 M EDTA, most of Hg (II) migrates toward the anode obtaining the highest removal efficiencies close to 70 % in bentonite after 9 h. Using 0.1M HCl only 65 % efficiency was attained after 13 h in the cathodic side. EDTA formed a negatively charged stable complex that migrates to the cathode by the application of the electrokinetic treatment across Hg – EDTA synthesized complex.</p>

scholarly journals Growth of Polycrystalline In2S3 Thin Films by Chemical Bath Deposition Using Acetic Acid as a Complexing Agent for Solar Cell Application

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Gopinath ◽  
K. T. Ramakrishna Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Chemical Bath Deposition ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Complexing Agent ◽  
Solar Cell Application ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Glass Substrates

In2S3 films have been successfully deposited on Corning glass substrates via chemical bath deposition (CBD) method using acetic acid as a novel complexing agent. The layers were grown by employing synthesis using indium sulphate and thioacetamide (TA) as precursors by varying TA concentration in the range of 0.1–0.5 M, keeping other deposition parameters constant. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) revealed an increase of S/In ratio in the films with the increase of TA concentration in the solution. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated a change in preferred orientation from (311) plane related to cubic structure to the (103) direction corresponding to the tetragonal crystal structure. The evaluated crystallite size varied in the range of 15–25 nm with the increase of TA concentration. Morphological analysis showed that the granular structure and the granular density decrease with the raise of TA concentration. The optical properties of the layers were also investigated using UV-Vis-NIR analysis, which indicated that all the In2S3 films had the optical transmittance >60% in the visible region, and the evaluated energy band varied in the range of 2.87–3.32 eV with the change of TA concentration. Further, a thin film heterojunction solar cell was fabricated using a novel absorber layer, SnS, with In2S3 as a buffer. The unoptimized SnS/In2S3/ZnO:Al solar cell showed a conversion efficiency of 0.6%.

Electrochemical removal of pentachlorophenol in a lab-scale platinum electrolyzer

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 2313-2320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Nien Wu
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Similar Condition ◽  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Lab Experiments ◽  
Pt Electrodes ◽  
Electrochemical Analyzer ◽  
Electrochemical Removal ◽  
Reductive Pathway

This study is focused on the removal of pentachlorophenol from its aqueous phase by electrochemically induced degradation with Pt electrodes. The objective of this study was to contrast the electrochemical removal of pentachlorophenol at the oxidative and the reductive potentials, and further to understand how to apply the electrochemical treatment on PCP degradation. Lab experiments were conducted in a Pt electrolyzer, and the voltage source was supplied and precisely controlled by an electrochemical analyzer. In these experiments, the variables including electrolyte species, pH, voltage supply, and reaction time were examined to compare the efficiency of pentachlorophenol removal. Experimental results showed that pentachlorophenol was completely degraded after being electrolyzed for 1 h at−1.5 V in a 0.5 M KCl solution, while the removal of pentachlorophenol is negligible under the similar condition when 0.5 M NaNO3 or Na2CO3 was used as the electrolyte. The electrolyte concentration below 0.5 M is unfavourable for the electrochemical removal of pentachlorophenol. The removal efficiency of pentachlorophenol is slightly affected by pH, and the strong basic environment might impede the degradation of pentachlorophenol. Comparing with those under positive potentials, the experiments conducted under negative potentials have shown a better removal of pentachlorophenol with a higher current efficiency. It implies that pentachlorophenol degradation followed the reductive pathway. Based on the analysis of GC/MS, the intermediates of pentachlorophenol degradation were identified as 1,2-dichlorocyclohexane and 2-chlorocyclohexanol.

Extraction Kinetics of Cerium(III) from Chloride Medium by Di-(2-Ethylhexyl)phosphoric Acid in the Presence of Acetic Acid Using a Constant Interfacial Area Cell with Laminar flow

2012 ◽  
Vol 482-484 ◽  
pp. 2204-2209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Tao Chang ◽  
Mei Li ◽  
Zhao Gang Liu ◽  
Yan Hong Hu ◽  
Fu Shun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Laminar Flow ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Interfacial Area ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Complexing Agent ◽  
Extraction Kinetics ◽  
Specific Interfacial Area ◽  
Diffusion Controlled

The Ce(III) extraction kinetics with di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) in the presence of a complexing agent acetic acid(HAc) has been investigated using constant interfacial cell with laminar flow. The kinetics mechanism and extraction rate equation were achieved by the studies on the effect of stirring rate, temperature and specific interfacial area on the rate of extraction. The effect of temperature on the kinetics was analyzed, the value of the apparent activation energy was calculated as 11.96 kJ/mol, and it was found that the extraction process was a diffusion-controlled kinetics regime.

Electrochemical removal of a defective layer after electroerosive shape forming

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-73
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Morgunov ◽  
B.P. Saushkin ◽  
A.O. Fomichev ◽  
N.V. Homyakova
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Electrolyte Composition ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
High Carbon Content ◽  
Processing Mode ◽  
Defective Layer ◽  
Electrochemical Removal

The possibilities of electrochemical removal of the defective layer from the surfaces of steel products, including those with a high carbon content, after electroerosion processing are considered. The influence of the processing mode parameters on the dynamics of metal removal and the quality of the resulting surface is investigated. Keywords electrochemical treatment, electroerosive treatment, defective layer, electrolyte composition, processing mode. [email protected]

Evaluation of thermophilic anaerobic microbial consortia using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. Domingues ◽  
J.C. Araujo ◽  
M.B.A. Varesche ◽  
R.F. Vazoller
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Suspension Culture ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Specific Probe ◽  
Hydrogenotrophic Methanogen ◽  
Sulfate Removal ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

In this study we investigated the development of anaerobic biofilms in differential reactors and suspension cultures in batch reactors under thermophilic (55°C) conditions. FISH, SEM, chemical and chromatographic analysis were used. The differential reactors reached 99.6%, 92.3% and 6.7% of acetic acid, COD and sulfate removal efficiencies, respectively, after 166 h of incubation time. The batch reactor reached 95.6% and 31.8% of acetic acid and sulfate removal efficiencies after 675 h, respectively. FISH results showed that bacterial cells rather than archaeal cells dominated biofilms. These cells, detected with the Bacteria specific probe (EUB338), accounted for 61.1% (±3.6) of the DAPI-stained cells and resembled acetate-oxidizing rods and Desulfotomaculum morphologies. Archaeal cells, which hybridized to the Archaea specific probe (ARC915), were also detected in biofilm but they accounted for 36.7% (±2.9) of the DAPI-stained cells. These cells were similar to Methanosaeta-like and hydrogenotrophic methanogen rods. In the suspension culture, archaeal cells (58.0% ± 3.8) morphologically similar to Methanosarcina and hydrogenotrophic methanogen rods were predominant over bacterial cells (41.0% ± 4.5), which resembled acetate-oxidizing rods and Desulfotomaculum morphologies. The percentage of sulfate-reducing bacteria cells (SRB) ranged from 12.2% (±2.5) to 21.7% (±2.8) in the biofilms and from 13.3% (±3.6) to 21.7% (±4.3) of the DAPI stained cells in suspension culture.

EFFECT OF pH ON THE ELECTRODEPOSITION OF Cu(In, Al)Se2 FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION IN PRESENCE OF CITRIC ACID AS COMPLEXING AGENT

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (05) ◽  
pp. 1550057 ◽  
Author(s):  
YADOLAH GANJKHANLOU ◽  
TOURADJ EBADZADEH ◽  
MAHMOOD KAZEMZAD ◽  
AMIR MAGHSOUDIPOUR ◽  
MANSOOR KIANPOUR-RAD
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Stable Complex ◽  
Complexing Agent ◽  
Nanocrystalline Phase ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
Binary Phase ◽  
The One ◽  
20 Nm

Effect of pH on the one-step electrodeposition of Cu ( In , Al ) Se 2 chalcopyrite layer in the presence of citric acid has been investigated by applying different electrochemical and characterization techniques. It has been observed that at pH of 1.5, nanocrystalline phase of chalcopyrite and small amount of binary phase of Cu 2 Se with overall composition of Cu 0.91 In 0.32 Al 0.39 Se 2 have been deposited. On the other hand, at pH of 4, the film composition changed to Cu 1.9 In 0.05 Al 0.21 Se 2 and an additional binary phase of copper selenide ( CuSe ) has also been formed. Morphological investigation illustrated that smooth and compact layer with fine spherical particles having the size of ~20 nm has been obtained at pH of 1.5 whereas mixture of planar and spherical particles with size of 450–550 nm have been formed at pH of 4. In alkaline environment (pH~9), the deposition current has been noticeably decreased and no deposition occurred due to the formation of a stable complex of citric acid with metal ions. The mechanism of citric acid interaction with metal ions at different pH has also been studied by cyclic voltammetry measurement.

Effect of Biochemical Organics on Pretreatment of Dye Wastewater by Flocculation

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 1437-1440
Author(s):  
Xiu Wen Wu ◽  
Rui Chen ◽  
Ping Ma ◽  
Hui Xia Lan ◽  
Shan Hong Lan
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Dye Wastewater ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Optimal Ph

Effect of the presence of acetic acid on the pretreatment of dye wastewater by flocculation was studied. The effects of pH, PAC and PAM dosage on the flocculation of dye wastewater containing acetic acid were studied, with the dye wastewater without acetic acid as the blank. The results showed that the optimal pH of the dye wastewater with acetic acid by flocculation was 8, and that of the dye wastewater without acetic acid was 6, but the CODCr removal efficiencies were no significant difference. The best dosage of PAC and PAM of dye wastewater containing acetic acid was 4g/L and 0.15mg/L respectively. The presence of acetic acid was no influence on the flocculation treatment of dye wastewater. Then the effect of different concentrations of dye wastewater containing acetic acid on the flocculation treatment was followed. The results showed that the treatment effect increased with the increase of wastewater concentration.

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