Electrochemical removal of pentachlorophenol in a lab-scale platinum electrolyzer

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 2313-2320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Nien Wu
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Similar Condition ◽  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Lab Experiments ◽  
Pt Electrodes ◽  
Electrochemical Analyzer ◽  
Electrochemical Removal ◽  
Reductive Pathway

This study is focused on the removal of pentachlorophenol from its aqueous phase by electrochemically induced degradation with Pt electrodes. The objective of this study was to contrast the electrochemical removal of pentachlorophenol at the oxidative and the reductive potentials, and further to understand how to apply the electrochemical treatment on PCP degradation. Lab experiments were conducted in a Pt electrolyzer, and the voltage source was supplied and precisely controlled by an electrochemical analyzer. In these experiments, the variables including electrolyte species, pH, voltage supply, and reaction time were examined to compare the efficiency of pentachlorophenol removal. Experimental results showed that pentachlorophenol was completely degraded after being electrolyzed for 1 h at−1.5 V in a 0.5 M KCl solution, while the removal of pentachlorophenol is negligible under the similar condition when 0.5 M NaNO3 or Na2CO3 was used as the electrolyte. The electrolyte concentration below 0.5 M is unfavourable for the electrochemical removal of pentachlorophenol. The removal efficiency of pentachlorophenol is slightly affected by pH, and the strong basic environment might impede the degradation of pentachlorophenol. Comparing with those under positive potentials, the experiments conducted under negative potentials have shown a better removal of pentachlorophenol with a higher current efficiency. It implies that pentachlorophenol degradation followed the reductive pathway. Based on the analysis of GC/MS, the intermediates of pentachlorophenol degradation were identified as 1,2-dichlorocyclohexane and 2-chlorocyclohexanol.

An All Solid-State Electrochemical Electrolyte Analyzer

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 891-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin D Smith ◽  
Robert W Rogers ◽  
Marvin A Genshaw ◽  
Jerome Greyson
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Ion Selective Electrodes ◽  
Selective Electrode ◽  
Electrode Holder ◽  
Blood Electrolytes ◽  
Thin Wires ◽  
Electrochemical Analyzer ◽  
Electrode Systems

Abstract Ion-selective electrodes have been applied to analysis of blood electrolytes with some success. However, currently available ion-selective electrode systems tend to be elaborate and expensive. We describe a clinical electrolyte analyzer in which inexpensive ion-selective electrodes are used. The electrodes are in the configuration of thin wires and are all solid in construction. They may be dipped directly into undiluted 250-µl samples of serum or plasma, are nondestructive of the sample, and may be used with an expanded-scale pH meter, although a more sensitive electrometer is preferred. The complete electrolyte analyzer consists of an electrode holder, into which the electrodes are plugged, and a solid-state digital electrometer that displays units of electrolyte concentration. A discussion of the thermodynamics essential to the construction of reversible electrodes is also presented, as well as the results of a clinical study in which it is shown that data from a flame photometer and the electrochemical analyzer compare favorably.

Study on Treating Technology of Cr6+Wastewater by Direct Current (dc) Electro-Coagulation Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 545-549
Author(s):  
Xin Yu Wang ◽  
Qin Wu ◽  
Bao Bin Wang ◽  
Jia Chuan Chen ◽  
Shuang Fei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Neutral Condition ◽  
The Self ◽  
Sewage Discharge ◽  
Electrode Current ◽  
Treatment Comparison ◽  
Electro Coagulation

Cr6+wastewater treatment by the self-designed the electric flocculation device has been investigated. This paper analyzed the factors such as the reaction time, reaction voltage, Electrode current, the electrolyte concentration, as well as Reaction pH on the effect of Cr6+wastewater treatment. Comparison of previous studies: Under neutral condition, reaction current was 4.5A,reaction voltage was 25V, electrolytic time was 25 minutes. After processing Cr6+down to concentration of 0.02mg/l, which reached the national sewage discharge standards (GB8978-2002).

Electrochemical treatment in relation to pH of domestic wastewater using Ti/Pt electrodes

2002 ◽  
Vol 95 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 215-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G Vlyssides ◽  
P.K Karlis ◽  
N Rori ◽  
A.A Zorpas
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Pt Electrodes

Application of the central composite design for condition optimization for semi-aerobic landfill leachate treatment using electrochemical oxidation

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1257-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soraya Mohajeri ◽  
Hamidi Abdul Aziz ◽  
Mohamed Hasnain Isa ◽  
Mohammad Ali Zahed ◽  
Mohammed J. K. Bashir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Central Composite Design ◽  
Electrochemical Oxidation ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Condition Optimization ◽  
Central Composite

In the present study, Electrochemical Oxidation was used to remove COD and color from semi-aerobic landfill leachate collected from Pulau Burung Landfill Site (PBLS), Penang, Malaysia. Experiments were conducted in a batch laboratory-scale system in the presence of NaCl as electrolyte and aluminum electrodes. Central composite design (CCD) under Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the electrochemical oxidation process conditions using chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color removals as responses, and the electrolyte concentrations, current density and reaction time as control factors. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed good coefficient of determination (R2) values of >0.98, thus ensuring satisfactory fitting of the second-order regression model with the experimental data. In un-optimized condition, maximum removals for COD (48.77%) and color (58.21%) were achieved at current density 80 mA/cm2, electrolyte concentration 3,000 mg/L and reaction time 240 min. While after optimization at current density 75 mA/cm2, electrolyte concentration 2,000 mg/L and reaction time 218 min a maximum of 49.33 and 59.24% removals were observed for COD and color respectively.

scholarly journals Influence of EDTA on the Electrochemical Removal of Mercury (II) in Soil from San Joaquín, Querétaro, México

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Robles ◽  
T. Serrano ◽  
J. J. Pérez ◽  
G. Hernández ◽  
S. Solís ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Stable Complex ◽  
Complexing Agent ◽  
Electrokinetic Treatment ◽  
Cathodic Side ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Electrochemical Removal

<p>The removal of mercury from soil and Ca-bentonite was performed using electrochemical treatment adding ethylendiaminetetra acetic acid (EDTA) as a complexing agent to improve the electrochemical removal of Hg (II) in soil from San Joaquín, Querétaro, México. During the electrokinetic treatment in the presence of 0.1 M EDTA, most of Hg (II) migrates toward the anode obtaining the highest removal efficiencies close to 70 % in bentonite after 9 h. Using 0.1M HCl only 65 % efficiency was attained after 13 h in the cathodic side. EDTA formed a negatively charged stable complex that migrates to the cathode by the application of the electrokinetic treatment across Hg – EDTA synthesized complex.</p>

Electrochemical removal of a defective layer after electroerosive shape forming

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-73
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Morgunov ◽  
B.P. Saushkin ◽  
A.O. Fomichev ◽  
N.V. Homyakova
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Electrolyte Composition ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
High Carbon Content ◽  
Processing Mode ◽  
Defective Layer ◽  
Electrochemical Removal

The possibilities of electrochemical removal of the defective layer from the surfaces of steel products, including those with a high carbon content, after electroerosion processing are considered. The influence of the processing mode parameters on the dynamics of metal removal and the quality of the resulting surface is investigated. Keywords electrochemical treatment, electroerosive treatment, defective layer, electrolyte composition, processing mode. [email protected]

scholarly journals Nitrogen-Doped TiO2Nanotube Arrays with Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Property

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shipu Li ◽  
Shiwei Lin ◽  
Jianjun Liao ◽  
Nengqian Pan ◽  
Danhong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Electrochemical Deposition ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Kinetic Constant ◽  
Electrochemical Anodization ◽  
Visible Range ◽  
Nanotube Arrays ◽  
N Doping

N-doped TiO2nanotube arrays were prepared by electrochemical anodization in glycerol electrolyte, followed by electrochemical deposition in NH4Cl solution. An orthogonal experiment was used to optimize the doping conditions. Electrolyte concentration, reaction voltage, and reaction time were the main factors to influence the N-doping effect which was the determinant of the visible range photoresponse. The optimal N-doping conditions were determined as follows: reaction voltage is 3 V, reaction time is 2 h, and electrolyte concentration is 0.5 M. The maximal photocurrent enhanced ratio was 30% under white-light irradiation. About 58% improvement of photocatalytic efficiency was achieved in the Rhodamine B degradation experiment by N doping. The kinetic constant of the N-doped TNT arrays sample was almost twice higher than that of the undoped sample. Further analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy supported that electrochemical deposition is a simple and efficient method for N doping into TiO2nanotube arrays.

Photoelectrochemical Degradation of Procion Red MX-5B in TiO2 Suspension Using Na2SO4 as Electrolyte

2010 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 637-640
Author(s):  
Wen Jie Zhang ◽  
Ru Yuan Li ◽  
Jia Wei Bai
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Dye Decolorization ◽  
Applied Potential ◽  
Toc Removal ◽  
Prolonged Reaction Time

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) degradation of Procion Red MX-5B was investigated in aqueous Na2SO4 solution. Higher electrolyte concentration resulted in higher current between the electrodes due to increased conductivities of the solutions. UV irradiation could obviously raise the current, and the differences became larger in accordance with the increase of the applied potentials. The pH declined in the first 30 minutes and became constant for the prolonged reaction time during both PEC degradation and photocatalytic oxidation. The applied potential could only slightly improve dye decolorization. Although a potential of 8 V was applied to 0.3 mol/l Na2SO4 solution, TOC removal efficiency of PEC degradation was almost as the same as that of photocatalytic oxidation.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Oxidation of Ethinylestradiol on a Commercial Ti/Ru0.3 Ti0.7O2 DSA Electrode

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla M. Vieira ◽  
Clésia C. Nascentes ◽  
Artur J. Motheo ◽  
Rodinei Augusti
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Electrochemical Oxidation ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Flow Cell ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Direct Infusion ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Dsa Electrode ◽  
Methanolic Medium

The electrochemical oxidation of the hormone ethinylestradiol in an aqueous-methanolic medium by the application of a constant current of 40 mA cm−2 in a flow cell with a commercial Ti/Ru0.3 Ti0.7O2 electrode was evaluated. The effect caused by the use of NaCl as a support electrolyte was also investigated. Hence, HPLC-UV analyses revealed that ethinylestradiol was almost totally consumed after a 60 min reaction time in the presence of NaCl. Conversely, much lower degradation rates were obtained when NaCl was not employed. Moreover, direct infusion ESI-MS and GC-MS analysis revealed that apparently no degradation products had been formed under these conditions. Hence, this study clearly demonstrated that such electrochemical treatment can be efficiently used to promote the complete degradation (and probably mineralization) of the hormone ethinylestradiol.

scholarly journals Electrochemical treatment of dye wastewater using nickel foam electrode

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saravanathamizhan Ramanujam ◽  
Kaavya Muthumanickam
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Nickel Foam ◽  
Supporting Electrolyte ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Subsequent Stage ◽  
Dye Wastewater ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation

Removal of dye from wastewater has been investigated using the electrocoagulation method. Batch experiment has been conducted to remove the color from synthetically prepared acid red 87dye wastewater. Stainless steel and nickel foam sheets are used as cathode and anode, respectively. The effect of some operating parameters, such as current density, initial dye concentration and supporting electrolyte concentration, on color removal has been studied. It can be observed from the present investigations that the nickel foam electrode effectively removes color from the wastewater. Nickel hydroxyl species formed during the operation and also, nickel (II) hydroxide flocs formed in a subsequent stage, trap colloidal precipitates and make solid-liquid separation easier during the flotation stage. These stages of electrocoagulation must be optimized to design an economically feasible process.

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