scholarly journals Segregation Vesicles and Immiscible Liquid Droplets in Oceanfloor Basalt of Hole 396B, IPOD/DSDP Leg 46

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Immiscible Liquid ◽  
Liquid Droplets

Parametric Analysis of Microdroplet Formation in Co-Axial Co-Flowing Immiscible Liquids in Microtubes

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
In-Hwan Yang ◽  
Mohamed S. El-Genk
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Parametric Analysis ◽  
Jump Condition ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Immiscible Liquid ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Immiscible Liquids ◽  
Interfacial Surface ◽  
Disperse Liquid

This paper presents numerical results of disperse liquid droplets forming in the dripping regime at the tip of a microtube into another co-flowing immiscible liquid in a coaxial microtube of larger diameter. Investigated are the effects of the interfacial surface tension, velocities and viscosities of the liquids and the diameters of the coaxial microtubes on the forming dynamics and the size of the droplet. The 2-D, transient Navier-Stockes equations, in conjunction with the momentum jump condition across the interface between the co-flowing liquids are solved using a finite element method. The solution tracks the interface and the growth of the droplet and predicts droplet size and forming frequency. The droplet’s dimensionless radius (rd*) is correlated within ± 10% in terms of the continuous liquid capillary number (Cac) and ratios of Reynolds numbers (Red/Rec) and microtube radii (Rc/Rd) of the co-flowing liquids as: rd*=0.225R*0.466/(Cac0.5)(Red/Rec).0.05

Modeling the micro-explosion of miscible and immiscible liquid droplets

2020 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 69-82
Author(s):  
D.V. Antonov ◽  
R.M. Fedorenko ◽  
G.V. Kuznetsov ◽  
P.A. Strizhak
Keyword(s):  
Immiscible Liquid ◽  
Liquid Droplets

scholarly journals Immiscible silicate liquids: K and Fe distribution as a test for chemical equilibrium and insight into the kinetics of magma unmixing

2021 ◽  
Vol 176 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Borisov ◽  
Ilya V. Veksler
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Chemical Equilibrium ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Liquid Immiscibility ◽  
Immiscible Liquid ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Liquid Distribution ◽  
Immiscible Liquids ◽  
Element Partitioning

AbstractSilicate liquid immiscibility leading to formation of mixtures of distinct iron-rich and silica-rich liquids is common in basaltic and andesitic magmas at advanced stages of magma evolution. Experimental modeling of the immiscibility has been hampered by kinetic problems and attainment of chemical equilibrium between immiscible liquids in some experimental studies has been questioned. On the basis of symmetric regular solutions model and regression analysis of experimental data on compositions of immiscible liquid pairs, we show that liquid–liquid distribution of network-modifying elements K and Fe is linked to the distribution of network-forming oxides SiO2, Al2O3 and P2O5 by equation: $$\log K_{{\text{d}}}^{{\text{K/Fe}}} = \, 3.796\Delta X_{{{\text{SiO}}_{2} }}^{{{\text{sf}}}} + \, 4.85\Delta X_{{{\text{Al}}_{2} {\text{O}}_{3} }}^{{{\text{sf}}}} + \, 7.235\Delta X_{{{\text{P}}_{2} {\text{O}}_{5} }}^{{{\text{sf}}}} - \, 0.108,$$ log K d K/Fe = 3.796 Δ X SiO 2 sf + 4.85 Δ X Al 2 O 3 sf + 7.235 Δ X P 2 O 5 sf - 0.108 , where $$K_{{\text{d}}}^{{\text{K/Fe}}}$$ K d K/Fe is a ratio of K and Fe mole fractions in the silica-rich (s) and Fe-rich (f) immiscible liquids: $$K_{d}^{{\text{K/Fe}}} = \, \left( {X_{{\text{K}}}^{s} /X_{{\text{K}}}^{f} } \right)/ \, \left( {X_{{{\text{Fe}}}}^{s} /X_{{{\text{Fe}}}}^{f} } \right)$$ K d K/Fe = X K s / X K f / X Fe s / X Fe f and $$\Delta X_{{\text{i}}}^{sf}$$ Δ X i sf is a difference in mole fractions of a network-forming oxide i between the liquids (s) and (f): $$\Delta X_{i}^{sf} = X_{i}^{s} - X_{i}^{f}$$ Δ X i sf = X i s - X i f . We use the equation for testing chemical equilibrium in experiments not included in the regression analysis and compositions of natural immiscible melts found as glasses in volcanic rocks. Departures from equilibrium that the test revealed in crystal-rich multiphase experimental products and in natural volcanic rocks imply kinetic competition between liquid–liquid and crystal–liquid element partitioning. Immiscible liquid droplets in volcanic rocks appear to evolve along a metastable trend due to rapid crystallization. Immiscible liquids may be closer to chemical equilibrium in large intrusions where cooling rates are lower and crystals may be spatially separated from liquids.

Microscale Contacting of Two Immiscible Liquid Droplets to Measure Interfacial Tension

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichi Shibata ◽  
Takehiko Yanai ◽  
Osamu Okamoto ◽  
Masahiro Kawaji
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Immiscible Liquid ◽  
Liquid Droplets

An experimental study of high-pressure bubble growth within multicomponent liquid droplets levitated in a flowing stream of another immiscible liquid

1987 ◽  
Vol 409 (1837) ◽  
pp. 271-285 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bubble Growth ◽  
Bubble Formation ◽  
Volatile Component ◽  
Immiscible Liquid ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Superheated Liquid ◽  
Vaporization Rate ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Levitated Droplet ◽  
Flowing Stream

Measurements of vaporization rates of highly superheated liquid droplets are reported at reduced pressures up to 0.4 and reduced temperatures up to 0.95. Binary and ternary mixtures of n -pentane, n -hexane, and n -decane, were studied. The experimental method involved levitating a test droplet in a flowing stream of another immiscible liquid (glycerine). Levitation was achieved by balancing the buoyancy and drag force on the droplet. Bubble formation within the droplet was induced by isothermally decompressing the field liquid to pressures approaching the homogeneous nucleation limit of the levitated droplet. It was observed that a droplet consisting of a binary n -pentane- n -hexane mixture vaporized faster than either an n -pentane or n -hexane droplet, and that the vaporization rate decreased with increasing press­ure. Replacing part of the non-volatile component of a n -pentane— n -hexane mixture by a yet more non-volatile liquid ( n -decane), thus forming a ternary pentane-hexane-decane mixture, was found to increase the vaporization rate above that of a droplet consisting of a binary mixture of the most volatile component with any one of the other two components. The results are discussed from the perspective of bubble growth within a liquid mixture of infinite extent.

Extrudate Swelling: Physics, Models, and Computations

1995 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 689-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasos C. Papanastasiou ◽  
Dionissios G. Kiriakidis ◽  
Theodore G. Nikoleris
Keyword(s):  
Load Capacity ◽  
Immiscible Liquid ◽  
Immiscible Fluids ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Fiber Suspensions ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Normal Stresses ◽  
Boundary Deformation ◽  
Viscoelastic Liquids ◽  
Deformation Modes

Viscous, viscoelastic, or elastic normal stresses are superimposed to pressure within flowing fluids. These stresses act normal to the boundaries of the flow that may deform depending on their modulus or viscosity. At absolutely rigid boundaries of infinite modulus of elasticity any boundary deformation and therefore any fluid expansion or swelling is surpressed (eg, flow in rigid pipes, annuli, channels). Elastic boundaries (eg, flow in veins and arteries, flow by membranes, around inflating/deflating balloons) deform under the action of normal stresses, allowing expansion or swelling of fluid. The same mechanism prevails in lubrication, where pressure and superimposed normal viscoelastic stresses keep surfaces in relative motion apart, with simultaneous increase in load capacity. Viscous boundaries (eg, liquid jet in air or in immiscible liquid, slow extrusion of viscoelastic liquids from dies, expanding/collapsing air-bubbles or liquid-droplets) are displaced by flowing adjacent immiscible fluids, allowing swelling or imposing contraction depending on relative rheological characteristics. Thus, the kind of swelling examined here is independent of density, ie, incompressible, and is due to the action of normal stresses against the boundary that is imposed either by adjacent deformable obstacles or else by surface tension. The resulting swelling is dynamic (ie, it initiates, changes and ceases with the flow) and can be made permanent by solidification, crystallization or glassification. The most profound form of incompressible swelling is the extrude swelling that controls the ultimate shape of extruded parts. Incompressible swelling is enhanced by the ability of macromolecules to deform and recover (eg, viscoelastic) and by the design of flow conduits to impose sharp transitions of deformation modes (eg, singular exit flows). The same swelling is reduced by the ability of molecules (or fibers in fiber-suspensions) to align with the flow streamines, as well as any tendency of solid-like structure formulation (eg, viscoplastic).

On the Temperature Gradient Induced Interfacial Gradient Force, Acting on Precipitated Liquid Droplets in Monotectic Liquid Alloys

2006 ◽  
Vol 508 ◽  
pp. 269-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
György Kaptay
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Interfacial Energy ◽  
Immiscible Liquid ◽  
Gradient Force ◽  
Liquid Alloys ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Liquid Phases ◽  
New Equation ◽  
Metallic Droplets

The final morphology of liquid metallic emulsions, produced in a temperature gradient, depends on the interfacial gradient force acting on small metallic droplets. This force is proportional to the temperature coefficient of the interfacial energy between the two immiscible liquid phases. In the present paper first a widely used equation of Young, Goldstein and Block for the steady-state velocity of liquid droplets under the influence of the temperature gradient is discussed. Then a new equation is proposed for the temperature dependence of the interfacial energy.

scholarly journals STUDY OF LIQUID-LIQUID SLUG BREAK UP MECHANISM IN A MICROCHANNEL T-JUNCTION AT VARIOUS MODIFIED WEBER NUMBER

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-122
Author(s):  
Jit Kai Chin
Keyword(s):  
Laminar Flow ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Immiscible Liquid ◽  
Volume Control ◽  
Mixing Enhancement ◽  
Immiscible Fluid ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Fundamental Physics ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Active Research

  The formation of immiscible liquid droplets, or slugs, in microchannels features the advantages of volume control and mixing enhancement over single-phase microflows. Although the applications of droplet-based microfluidics have been widely demonstrated, the fundamental physics governing droplet break-up remains an area of active research. This study defines an effective Weber (Weeff) number that characterizes the interplay of interfacial tension, shear stress and channel pressure drop in driving slug formation in T-junction microchannel for a relative range of low, intermediate and high flow rates. The immiscible fluid system in this study consists of Tetradecane slug formation in Acetonitrile. The progressive deformation of slug interfaces during break-up events is observed. Experimental results indicate that, at a relatively low Weeff, clean slug break-up occurs at the intersection of the side and main channels. At intermediate Weeff, the connecting neck of the dispersed phase is stretched to a short and thin trail of laminar flow prior to breaking up a short distance downstream of the T-junction. At a relatively high Weeff, the connecting neck develops into a longer and thicker trail of laminar flow that breaks up further downstream of the main channel.

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