scholarly journals Context-Dependent Accuracy of the BG-Counter Remote Mosquito Surveillance Device in North Carolina

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Corey A. Day ◽  
Stephanie L. Richards ◽  
Michael H. Reiskind ◽  
Michael S. Doyle ◽  
Brian D. Byrd
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Vector Surveillance ◽  
Mosquito Surveillance ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Mosquito Abundance ◽  
Jackson County ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
Bg Sentinel

ABSTRACT There is a clear need for improved vector surveillance approaches that are affordable, labor efficient, and safer than traditional methods. The BG-Counter (Biogents USA, Moorefield, WV) is a device for remotely monitoring mosquito activity in combination with the BG-Sentinel (Biogents USA), a widely used trap for the collection of host-seeking mosquitoes. The BG-Counter uses a wireless connection to provide real-time counts of mosquitoes captured by the BG-Sentinel, allowing users to remotely monitor mosquito populations. This study tested the effectiveness of the BG-Counter in 5 North Carolina counties. A total of 96 trap-days resulted in the collection of >45,000 individual mosquitoes representing 35 species. Aedes albopictus was the most common species collected in all counties, except for New Hanover County where Culex nigripalpus was the most common. The mean daily accuracy ranged from 80.1% (New Hanover County) to 9.4% (Jackson County). There was a significant linear relationship between the actual number of mosquitoes collected and the device counts at all sites except Jackson County, the site with the lowest relative mosquito abundance compared with nontarget organisms. A linear regression of daily BG-Counter accuracy and the daily proportion of mosquitoes to the total number of arthropods collected revealed a significant positive linear relationship, supporting the premise that the BG-Counter is less effective when the relative abundance of mosquitoes is low. Mosquito surveillance programs using the BG-Counter should recognize its context-dependent accuracy and routinely evaluate the accuracy of the device based on local conditions.

scholarly journals Vector Mosquito Surveillance Using Centers For Disease Control and Prevention Autocidal Gravid Ovitraps In San Antonio, Texas

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-185
Author(s):  
Joel A. Obregón ◽  
Michelle A. Ximenez ◽  
Estefany E. Villalobos ◽  
Megan R. Wise de Valdez
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
San Antonio ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Vector Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Period ◽  
Mosquito Surveillance ◽  
Mosquito Abundance ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control

ABSTRACT Mosquito surveillance in large urban areas of the southern USA that border Mexico has become increasingly important due to recent transmission of Zika virus and chikungunya virus in the Americas as well as the continued threat of dengue and West Nile viruses. The vectors of these viruses, Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus, co-occur in residential areas, requiring vector control entities to deploy several different trap types, often expensive and labor-intensive, to surveil these ecologically different species. We evaluated the use of a single trap type, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention autocidal gravid ovitraps (AGOs), to monitor all 3 vector species across residential neighborhoods in San Antonio, TX, over 12 wk (epiweeks 24–35). Mosquito abundance was highest early in our surveillance period (epiweek 25) and was driven largely by Cx. quinquefasciatus. The AGOs collected significantly more Cx. quinquefasciatus than both Aedes species, with more Ae. aegypti collected than Ae. albopictus. The average number of Ae. aegypti captured per trap was consistent across most neighborhoods except for 2 areas where one had significantly the highest and the other with the lowest mosquitoes collected per trap. The average number of Ae. albopictus captured per trap varied with no clear pattern, and Cx. quinquefasciatus were trapped most often near forested hill country neighborhoods. These results indicate that AGOs are appropriate for detecting and tracking the relative abundance of Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus, and Cx. quinquefasciatus across a large and diverse urban landscape over time and therefore may be an inexpensive and streamlined option for vector surveillance programs in large cities.

Diversity and distribution of large branchiopods in Kiskunság (Hungary) in relation to local habitat and spatial factors: implications for their conservation

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liesbet Boven ◽  
Bram Vanschoenwinkel ◽  
Els R. De Roeck ◽  
Ann Hulsmans ◽  
Luc Brendonck
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Habitat Diversity ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Species Dispersal ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Spatial Factors ◽  
Large Branchiopods

Large branchiopods are threatened worldwide by the loss and degradation of their temporary aquatic habitats owing to drainage and intensive agriculture. Sound ecological knowledge of their diversity and distribution is a prerequisite to formulate effective conservation measures. In the present study, large branchiopods were collected from 82 temporary freshwater pools belonging to five habitat types in Kiskunság (Hungary). Dormant propagule bank analysis complemented the field survey. Eleven species were found, with large branchiopods occurring in more than half of the study systems. The high regional species richness and occurrence frequency of large branchiopods make Kiskunság a true ‘hot spot’ of large branchiopod diversity. The local environment was more important than spatial factors (isolation) in explaining the presence of the most common species. Dispersal was most likely not limiting for the large branchiopods in the study area and colonisation success of different species was differentially affected by local conditions, possibly invertebrate predation risk and hydroperiod. Meadow pools and wheel tracks contributed most to regional species richness through the presence of rare and exclusive species. To conserve branchiopod diversity, we stress the importance of high habitat diversity in the landscape and the need to conserve neglected habitats such as wheel tracks.

scholarly journals Improved spatial ecological sampling using open data and standardization: an example from malaria mosquito surveillance

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (153) ◽  
pp. 20180941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Sedda ◽  
Eric R. Lucas ◽  
Luc S. Djogbénou ◽  
Ako V. C. Edi ◽  
Alexander Egyir-Yawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Design ◽  
Model Fitting ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Sample Sizes ◽  
Vector Surveillance ◽  
Mosquito Abundance ◽  
Mosquito Sampling ◽  
Similar Accuracy ◽  
Ecological Sampling

Vector-borne disease control relies on efficient vector surveillance, mostly carried out using traps whose number and locations are often determined by expert opinion rather than a rigorous quantitative sampling design. In this work we propose a framework for ecological sampling design which in its preliminary stages can take into account environmental conditions obtained from open data (i.e. remote sensing and meteorological stations) not necessarily designed for ecological analysis. These environmental data are used to delimit the area into ecologically homogeneous strata. By employing Bayesian statistics within a model-based sampling design, the traps are deployed among the strata using a mixture of random and grid locations which allows balancing predictions and model-fitting accuracies. Sample sizes and the effect of ecological strata on sample sizes are estimated from previous mosquito sampling campaigns open data. Notably, we found that a configuration of 30 locations with four households each (120 samples) will have a similar accuracy in the predictions of mosquito abundance as 200 random samples. In addition, we show that random sampling independently from ecological strata, produces biased estimates of the mosquito abundance. Finally, we propose standardizing reporting of sampling designs to allow transparency and repetition/re-use in subsequent sampling campaigns.

scholarly journals A Low-Powered and Highly Selective Trap for Male Aedes (Diptera: Culicidae) Surveillance: The Male Aedes Sound Trap

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyran M Staunton ◽  
Jacob E Crawford ◽  
Jianyi Liu ◽  
Michael Townsend ◽  
Yu Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Synthetic Pyrethroid ◽  
Global Distribution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Mosquito Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Programs ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Bg Sentinel ◽  
Capture Rates

Abstract As Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, Diptera: Culicidae) expands its global distribution and vectors a range of debilitating arboviruses there is an increased need for enhanced mosquito surveillance. Consequently, we developed a Male Aedes Sound Trap (MAST) that requires minimal power and is highly species-specific. Two different versions of the MAST were developed, one that uses synthetic pyrethroid to kill captured mosquitoes (MAST Spray) and another which has an internal divider to create a killing chamber in which a sticky panel can be placed to capture mosquitoes (MAST Sticky). We compared weekly capture rates of male Ae. aegypti and bycatch from the two MAST versions to those from BG-Sentinel (BGS) traps and Sound-producing BG-Gravid Aedes Traps (SGATs) throughout Cairns, northern Australia. Weekly mean male Ae. aegypti catches did not significantly differ between trap types. However, the rate of positive weekly detections of male Ae. aegypti was lower for the MAST Sticky than the other three trap types. The MASTs sampled significantly fewer mosquitoes other than male Ae. aegypti, than either the BGS trap or the SGAT. Also, the MASTs and SGATs all caught significantly less non-Culicidae bycatch than the BGS traps. Consequently, we have developed a versatile male Ae. aegypti trap which is potentially of great benefit to Ae. aegypti surveillance programs.

scholarly journals CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF MASSACHUSETTS COCCIDÆ.—IV

1899 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geo. B. King
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
West Virginia ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Black Alder ◽  
Mountain Ash ◽  
European Mountain ◽  
Crab Apple

(7) Chionapsis furfurus, Fitch; 1856-1869. N.A very common species in Massachusetts, recorded from Amherst, Worcester, Andover, Lawrence, and Methuen, on wild redcherry, pear, wild and cultivated apple, flowering quince, chokeberry, shad-bush, and black alder. It is known from Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Indiana, West Virginia, North Carolina, Ohio, New York, Kentucky, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Georgia, Utah, Kansas, New Jersey, and Washington, D. C., on choke-cherry, wild red cherry, wild and cultivated apple, crab apple, pear, peach, Japan quince, cherry currant, red flowering currant, and European mountain ash.

scholarly journals Understanding Mosquito Surveillance Data for Analytic Efforts: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi E Brown ◽  
Luigi Sedda ◽  
Chris Sumner ◽  
Elene Stefanakos ◽  
Irene Ruberto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
National Level ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Vector Surveillance ◽  
Mosquito Surveillance ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Prediction And Forecasting

Abstract Mosquito surveillance data can be used for predicting mosquito distribution and dynamics as they relate to human disease. Often these data are collected by independent agencies and aggregated to state and national level portals to characterize broad spatial and temporal dynamics. These larger repositories may also share the data for use in mosquito and/or disease prediction and forecasting models. Assumed, but not always confirmed, is consistency of data across agencies. Subtle differences in reporting may be important for development and the eventual interpretation of predictive models. Using mosquito vector surveillance data from Arizona as a case study, we found differences among agencies in how trapping practices were reported. Inconsistencies in reporting may interfere with quantitative comparisons if the user has only cursory familiarity with mosquito surveillance data. Some inconsistencies can be overcome if they are explicit in the metadata while others may yield biased estimates if they are not changed in how data are recorded. Sharing of metadata and collaboration between modelers and vector control agencies is necessary for improving the quality of the estimations. Efforts to improve sharing, displaying, and comparing vector data from multiple agencies are underway, but existing data must be used with caution.

scholarly journals Monitoring mosquito nuisance for the development of a citizen science approach for malaria vector surveillance in Rwanda

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn Milumbu Murindahabi ◽  
Willem Takken ◽  
Xavier Misago ◽  
Elias Niyituma ◽  
Jackie Umupfasoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Science ◽  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Vector Surveillance ◽  
Mosquito Abundance ◽  
Science Approach ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
African Context ◽  
One Year ◽  
And Control ◽  
Global Indicator

Abstract Background Many countries, including Rwanda, have mosquito monitoring programmes in place to support decision making in the fight against malaria. However, these programmes can be costly, and require technical (entomological) expertise. Involving citizens in data collection can greatly support such activities, but this has not yet been thoroughly investigated in a rural African context. Methods Prior to the implementation of such a citizen-science approach, a household entomological survey was conducted in October–November 2017 and repeated one year later in Busoro and Ruhuha sectors, in southern and eastern province of Rwanda, respectively. The goal was to evaluate the perception of mosquito nuisance reported by citizens as a potential indicator for malaria vector hotspots. Firstly, mosquito abundance and species composition were determined using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) light traps inside the houses. Secondly, household members were interviewed about malaria risk factors and their perceived level of mosquito nuisance. Results Tiled roofs, walls made of mud and wood, as well as the number of occupants in the house were predictors for the number of mosquitoes (Culicidae) in the houses, while the presence of eaves plus walls made of mud and wood were predictors for malaria vector abundance. Perception of mosquito nuisance reported indoors tended to be significantly correlated with the number of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) and Culicidae collected indoors, but this varied across years and sectors. At the village level, nuisance also significantly correlated with An. gambiae s.l. and total mosquito density, but only in 2018 while not in 2017. Conclusions Perception of mosquito nuisance denoted in a questionnaire survey could be used as a global indicator of malaria vector hotspots. Hence, involving citizens in such activities can complement malaria vector surveillance and control.

scholarly journals Surveillance, insecticide resistance and control of an invasive Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) population in California

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Cornel ◽  
Jodi Holeman ◽  
Catelyn C. Nieman ◽  
Yoosook Lee ◽  
Charles Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Mosquito Abundance ◽  
New Locations ◽  
New Formulation ◽  
A Site ◽  
Bg Sentinel ◽  
And Control

The invasion and subsequent establishment in California of Aedes aegypti in 2013 has created new challenges for local mosquito abatement and vector control districts. Studies were undertaken to identify effective and economical strategies to monitor the abundance and spread of this mosquito species as well as for its control. Overall, BG Sentinel (BGS) traps were found to be the most sensitive trap type to measure abundance and spread into new locations. Autocidal-Gravid-Ovitraps (AGO-B), when placed at a site for a week, performed equally to BGS in detecting the presence of female Ae. aegypti. Considering operational cost and our findings, we recommend use of BGS traps for surveillance in response to service requests especially in locations outside the known infestation area. We recommend AGO-Bs be placed at fixed sites, cleared and processed once a week to monitor mosquito abundance within a known infestation area. Long-term high density placements of AGO-Bs were found to show promise as an environmentally friendly trap-kill control strategy. California Ae. aegypti were found to be homozygous for the V1016I mutation in the voltage gated sodium channel gene, which is implicated to be involved in insecticide resistance. This strain originating from Clovis, California was resistant to some pyrethroids but not to deltamethrin in bottle bio-assays. Sentinel cage ultra-low-volume (ULV) trials using a new formulation of deltamethrin (DeltaGard®) demonstrated that it provided some control (average of 56% death in sentinel cages in a 91.4 m spray swath) after a single truck mounted aerial ULV application in residential areas.

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