Influence of prey abundance and abiotic factors on the long-term home-range and movement dynamics of spotted grunter Pomadasys commersonnii in an intermittently open estuary

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
BA Maree ◽  
PD Cowley ◽  
TF Næsje ◽  
A-R Childs ◽  
AI Terörde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Prey Abundance ◽  
Movement Dynamics ◽  
Pomadasys Commersonnii

scholarly journals The role of biotic forces in driving macroevolution: beyond the Red Queen

2015 ◽  
Vol 282 (1808) ◽  
pp. 20150186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjetil L. Voje ◽  
Øistein H. Holen ◽  
Lee Hsiang Liow ◽  
Nils Chr. Stenseth
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Long Term Evolution ◽  
Red Queen Hypothesis ◽  
Red Queen ◽  
Extinction Rates ◽  
Term Evolution

A multitude of hypotheses claim that abiotic factors are the main drivers of macroevolutionary change. By contrast, Van Valen's Red Queen hypothesis is often put forward as the sole representative of the view that biotic forcing is the main evolutionary driver. This imbalance of hypotheses does not reflect our current knowledge: theoretical work demonstrates the plausibility of biotically driven long-term evolution, whereas empirical work suggests a central role for biotic forcing in macroevolution. We call for a more pluralistic view of how biotic forces may drive long-term evolution that is compatible with both phenotypic stasis in the fossil record and with non-constant extinction rates. Promising avenues of research include contrasting predictions from relevant theories within ecology and macroevolution, as well as embracing both abiotic and biotic proxies while modelling long-term evolutionary data. By fitting models describing hypotheses of biotically driven macroevolution to data, we could dissect their predictions and transcend beyond pattern description, possibly narrowing the divide between our current understanding of micro- and macroevolution.

scholarly journals Long-term research in Bosque Fray Jorge National Park: Twenty years studying the role of biotic and abiotic factors in a Chilean semiarid scrubland

2010 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIO R GUTIÉRREZ ◽  
PETER L MESERVE ◽  
DOUGLAS A KELT ◽  
ANDREW ENGILIS JR ◽  
M. ANDREA PREVITALI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Factors

Habitat effects on home range and schooling behaviour in a herbivorous fish (Kyphosus bigibbus) revealed by acoustic tracking

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1454 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Pillans ◽  
R. C. Babcock ◽  
D. P. Thomson ◽  
M. D. E. Haywood ◽  
R. A. Downie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Patch Reef ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Herbivorous Fish ◽  
Ecological Role ◽  
Patch Reefs ◽  
Poor Understanding ◽  
Schooling Behaviour ◽  
Acoustic Tags

Large mobile herbivorous fish that specialise in browsing large brown algae are particularly important on coral reefs because their activities mediate algal–coral competition. Despite this important ecological role, we have a poor understanding of the movement patterns of such large herbivorous fish, including Kyphosus bigibbus. Nineteen K. bigibbus captured near adjacent but distinct patch reefs were tagged with internal acoustic tags and their movements monitored for up to 20 months by an array of 60 acoustic receivers. Home-range estimates showed that movements of individuals from each patch reef encompassed different spatial extents and resulted in differences in habitat used by the two groups of fish. The average 50 and 95% kernel utilisation distribution for long-term resident fish was 0.27±0.03 and 1.61±0.30km2 respectively, ranges that represent the largest values for a herbivorous coral reef fish recorded to date. There was a significantly higher degree of fidelity among fish from the same school, and to particular patch reefs, despite the proximity of the reefs and substantial overlap between schools of conspecifics. A coefficient of sociality was used on pairs of fish and showed that there was no evidence that individuals were consistently detected together when they were detected by receivers away from their home reef. The variability of movement patterns among individuals of K. bigibbus results in an increased niche footprint for this important browser, potentially increasing reef resilience.

Where to go when all options are terrible: Ranging behavior of sloths in central Amazonian flooded igapó forests

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Castro ◽  
Renann Dias-Silva ◽  
Adrian Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Ranging Behavior ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Bradypus Variegatus ◽  
Seasonally Flooded

Ranging behaviors performed by animals are influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors. For herbivorous mammals, seasonality in forage production is considered to be the main driver of movement patterns. Here, we investigated the home range and movement in one of the most abundant herbivores in the Americas, and their relationship with plant phenology in an Amazon igapó - a seasonally-flooded riverine forests with strongly-pulsed leaf-production phenology. Using a combination of telemetry and phenological analysis, the study recorded movement patterns of five brown throated three toed sloths (Bradypus variegatus Schinz, 1825) over a six months period, and related these to seasonal and within-forest differences in food availability via monitoring young leaf production of 570 trees. All monitored animals were shown to be permanently resident within igapó flooded forest, maintaining their home range even during flood periods when most trees lacked leaves. We found that seasonal variation in leaf production had no effect on the extent of displacement of the sloths. Accordingly, for herbivores with low metabolism, variation in young leaves availability may not be the main driver of their ranging behavior. In addition, an arboreal habit and well-developed swimming capacity allow igapó sloths to occupy a niche ecologically inaccessible to other mammals.

Reintroducing the Persian fallow deer Dama mesopotamica in Israel - a chronology

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 251 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Saltz ◽  
S. Bar David ◽  
R. Zidon ◽  
A. Dolev ◽  
A. Perelberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Dama Mesopotamica

The Persian fallow deer (Dama mesopotamica) reintroduction project of the Israel Nature and Parks Authority is based on a permanent breeding core (Hai-Bar Carmel) established in Israel in 1976 from 2 males and 5 females, before the formulation of the guidelines for reinstruction by the IUCN, with no strategic long-term planning, and little consideration of conservation principles and monetary consequences. By the mid 1990s the breeding core had nearly 50 adult females and it became evident that a reintroduction program should be prepared. The existence of a permanent breeding core offered flexibility in protocol and the possibility of a long-term approach based on multiple releases. Using a maximum sustained yield approach, IUCN criteria, and simulations of population performance we formulated a release strategy and a time frame for the project, based on repeated releases carried out sequentially in three reserves in northern Israel with good corridors connecting them. The project began with releases in the Kziv reserve with continuous post-release monitoring and an adaptive management approach. Reproductive success was dampened during the initial years after release, but increased to expected levels thereafter. Survival was higher than expected. Animals from later releases used formerly released animals as cue and established a home range faster. Annual home-range dynamics and social structure were comparable to other similar deer species. The deer transported viable seeds of many species by ingestion (endozoochory) and thinned the forest canopy allowing for better understory growth. Simulations based on empirical data indicated that pre-project demographic simulation offered reliable projections. A growth model incorporating the empirical data on dynamics, habitat preferences, and social structure during the first 2.5 years enabled the construction of a spatially realistic individual-based population model that reliably projected the numerical and spatial growth of the population over a 5-year period. This model was then used to assess future risks due to human sprawl. Due to agricultural damage, the project was forced in 2003 to select a new less favourable site in the Judean hills (central Israel) with no habitat linkage to the former location. Release in this area was based on individuals from the Hai Bar Carmel and from a second breeding core established in the Jerusalem Biblical Zoo. The less favourable site and behavioural problems of the zoo animals hampered the success of the reintroduction. In 2010 the northern region of the Israel Nature and Parks Authority approved a second release site in the Galilee. Using the spatially realistic model described above we reassessed the multiple-site approach, considering options of releases in 1–10 sites carried out in parallel or sequentially. These simulations indicated that the best results, in terms of numerical growth and spatial expansion, would be obtained by repeated releases in two sites carried out sequentially. Computer simulations combined with a permanent breeding core enabled robust planning and an adaptive management approach. Post-release monitoring provided important data for assessing reintroduction procedures and for future management of the species. This reintroduction has greatly enhanced the survival prospects of the Persian fallow deer, and their reintroduction has reestablished important ecosystem processes.

scholarly journals Dredging Activities Carried Out in a Brazilian Estuary Affect Mercury Levels in Swimming Crabs

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4396
Author(s):  
Paloma de Almeida Rodrigues ◽  
Rafaela Gomes Ferrari ◽  
Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis ◽  
Luciano Neves dos Santos ◽  
Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
Keyword(s):  
Total Mercury ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Consumer Health ◽  
Swimming Crab ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Guanabara Bay ◽  
Direct Mercury Analyzer ◽  
Mercury Analyzer

(1) Although suffers from intense pollution inputs, Guanabara Bay, the most socioeconomically and environmentally important estuary in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, is still home to a diverse fauna, including several fish and crab species consumed by humans. The bay presents high sedimentation rates and sediment contamination, further aggravated by dredging processes carried out in recent years. In this context, this study aimed to verify the effect of the dredging process on total mercury (THg) concentrations at Guanabara Bay through swimming crab assessments sampled before (2016), during (2017), and after (2018) the dredging process, and mainly, if the detected concentrations can be harmful to consumer health; (2) Methods: Swimming crab samplings were carried out at the same time and sampling points in 2016, 2017 and 2018 and the total Hg was determined using a Direct Mercury Analyzer (DMA-80, Milestone, Bergamo, Italy); (3) Results: Increased Hg concentrations were observed during the dredging process, decreasing to lower values, close to the initial concentrations, at the end of the process. Some of the investigated abiotic factors favor Hg dynamics in the aquatic environment, while others were positively altered at some of the assessed sampling areas at the end of the dredging process; (4) Conclusions: Although crab Hg levels were below maximum permissible limits for human consumption, it is important to note that these animals are significantly consumed around Guanabara Bay, which may lead to public health issues in the long term.

scholarly journals Female home range size is regulated by resource distribution and intraspecific competition: a long-term field study

2010 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Schradin ◽  
Gabriela Schmohl ◽  
Heiko G. Rödel ◽  
Ivana Schoepf ◽  
Stella M. Treffler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Intraspecific Competition ◽  
Resource Distribution ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Range Size ◽  
Term Field

scholarly journals Long-term stem CO2concentration measurements in Norway spruce in relation to biotic and abiotic factors

2013 ◽  
Vol 197 (4) ◽  
pp. 1173-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia Etzold ◽  
Roman Zweifel ◽  
Nadine K. Ruehr ◽  
Werner Eugster ◽  
Nina Buchmann
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Factors

Long-term variation in common dolphin diet in relation to prey abundance

2013 ◽  
Vol 481 ◽  
pp. 249-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
MB Santos ◽  
I German ◽  
D Correia ◽  
FL Read ◽  
J Martinez Cedeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prey Abundance ◽  
Common Dolphin ◽  
Term Variation

The influence of population dynamics and environmental conditions on pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) recolonization after barrier removal in the Fraser River, British Columbia, Canada

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 970-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.R. Pess ◽  
R. Hilborn ◽  
K. Kloehn ◽  
T.P. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
River System ◽  
Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Fraser River ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Barrier Removal

When barriers are removed, what biotic and abiotic factors determine how fish populations will colonize newly available habitats? We used counts of adult pink salmon ( Oncorhywnchus gorbuscha ) from 1947 to 1987 in 66 streams of the Fraser River system, British Columbia, Canada, to determine when colonizing pink salmon populations became self-sustaining after a long-term migration blockage at Hell’s Gate (river kilometre 209) was reduced. The abundance of salmon in available habitats were largely controlled by extrinsic factors such as an initially large source population, high intrinsic growth rates linked to favorable climate-driven conditions, a constant supply of dispersers, and large amounts of newly available habitat. Temporal variation in flows at Hell’s Gate also affected recolonization success. Self-sustaining populations were developed within years of barrier removal and have continued to help expand the overall population of Fraser River pink salmon. However, pink salmon were considerably more abundant in the early 1900s than in the 1980s (∼48 million vs. ∼2.7 million), and the majority of spawning shifted from the historic areas above Hell’s Gate prior to the rockslide to below Hell’s Gate in the lower Fraser River after the long-term blockage was reduced, so the system has not returned to the former abundance and distribution patterns.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document