scholarly journals Industrial Smart Energy Metering Controlling and Automation with the Help of Android

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1479-1482
Keyword(s):  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Energy Parameter ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Web Browser ◽  
Hall Effect Sensor ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Energy Metering ◽  
Power And Energy ◽  
Dc Biasing

In this research a special type of meter is developed which can measure various important parameters of electrical energy and as well as give users the access to cntrol the appliances which are connected to it through the designed android application. Initially measurement of the current is performed with the help of Hall Effect sensor, as this method is very accurate. In second part supply voltage is calculated with the help of transformer and DC biasing method. This method is also very accuratefor measurement of voltage. By multiplying the above measured current and voltage, apparent power is obtained. Finally, the energy parameter is obtained. In this research, a special type of meter is designed which can measure electrical current, voltage, power and energy with accuracy around 99%. These obtained parameter results will be directly uploaded to Google firebase which is connected to our android app. Any user having this application installed will take this reading live to their smart phones as well as their web browser

An Improved Residual Network for Electricity Power Meter Error Estimation

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (08) ◽  
pp. 1959024
Author(s):  
Zichao Kou ◽  
Yanjun Fang
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Error Estimation ◽  
Back Propagation ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Residual Network ◽  
Propagation Process ◽  
Power Meter ◽  
Energy Metering ◽  
Electricity Power ◽  
Comparable Model

The lack of research on the metering characteristics of electricity power meters under complex conditions is a major obstacle to the on-site verification of electrical energy metering equipment. Establishing a predictive model for electricity power meter errors offers an effective way of dealing with this issue. Deep learning has been proven to have the capacity to reduce end-to-end dimensionality and improve recognition. Through the analysis of the back propagation process in residual networks, an improved residual network is set out in this paper. While preserving the advantages of residual network gradient propagation, it adds an adjustable shortcut and designs a convex [Formula: see text]-parameter strategy that can be improved according to different processing objects. Experimental results show that the predicted errors produced by the proposed technique are significantly lower than in a comparable model. At the same time, the improved residual network does not increase the network’s complexity.

Optimization of a Treatment System of Wastewater Streams for Electrochemical Cr(VI) Reduction: Selective versus Centralized Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrián López-Yañez ◽  
Jorge Ramirez-Muñoz ◽  
Alejandro Alonso ◽  
Luis G. Cota ◽  
Jhonny Pérez Montiel
Keyword(s):  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Total Annual Cost ◽  
Optimal Solutions ◽  
Selective Treatment

Abstract The problem of the optimization of selective treatment systems of wastewater streams contaminated with hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is investigated. In order to comply with the Mexican environmental norm of Cr(VI) for treated wastewater streams at minimum cost, a nonlinear programming (NLP) model for the electrochemical reduction of hexavalent chromium to trivalent chromium was developed. The model incorporates a variable reaction rate, which is a function of the Cr(VI) concentration and the electrical current density of the electrochemical process. For this purpose, a basic superstructure of the effluent treatment is proposed. The superstructure is composed of three continuous electrochemical reactors without recirculation, and it may produce either a series and/or parallel design topology. The NLP model was used to minimize the objective function, defined as the total annual cost (TAC), which includes the capital cost of each electrochemical reactor, the electrical energy cost and the cost of the treatment of the wastewater streams. In order to investigate the solution set of the proposed NLP model, i. e., to improve the possibilities of obtaining optimum solutions based on economic criteria, a multi-start algorithm was implemented. Two example problems are used to show the versatility of the model and different local optimal solutions were obtained for each case study. The results show that a selective treatment of wastewater streams based on the search of local optimal solutions yields significant savings with respect to a centralized treatment design.

scholarly journals Investigation of Ways to Reduce the Inrush Current when Starting High-Voltage Motors

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-104
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
High Power ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Inrush Current ◽  
Industrial Enterprises

The operation of high-power industrial electrical installations, particularly in metallurgy and the oil and gas industry, is associated with complex technological processes that require increased attention to the equipment used, as such equipment is used in complex and dangerous production conditions and in continuous operation facilities. High-voltage air and gas compressors are objects with increased electrical energy consumption and have significant starting currents. These circumstances affect both the shape of the supply voltage and the state of the energy system in general. Currently, the development of methods for limiting inrush currents is an urgent task for objects used in industrial enterprises. Introducing a compressor into the technological process is sometimes requires prior coordination of its start with the equipment in operation, especially that with a high power consumption. The paper studies the existing control system as well as ways to upgrade the system to improve its energy performance.

scholarly journals The influence of power electronic converter passive filter parameters for flicker in LED lighting

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 00020
Author(s):  
Dariusz Sobczynski
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Luminous Flux ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Passive Filters ◽  
The Stability

The light emitting diodes (LEDs) are ever more used, and their price is getting lower year on year. Although, exchanging traditional light sources for the LED lamps does not seem to be complicated, we need to remember to maintaining high–quality of light. One of the aspects we should be worry about is a light’s flickering. Due to the shape of the current–voltage characteristics of the LED diode and their dependence on temperature, the value of the luminous flux – but also the lifetime – depends to a large extent on the stability of the supply voltage. Therefore, correct power system should be a thermally stable current source. Unfortunately, the simple power systems, equipped with passive filters are often used as cheap commercial solutions. In those types of systems stability of the output voltage is heavily dependent on the load conditions. Passive filters – usually consisting of coils and capacitors – are placed in the output circuit. This paper presents research carried out to show of filter capacitance influence on flickering phenomenon, and practical light’s flickering measuring technique for the LED lamps.

Interaction Between Solid Copper Jets and Powerful Electrical Current Pulses

2010 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik Appelgren ◽  
Torgny E. Carlsson ◽  
Andreas Helte ◽  
Tomas Hurtig ◽  
Anders Larsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Pulse ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Energy Deposition ◽  
Current Flow ◽  
Contact Region ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Separation Distance ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Solid Copper

The interaction between a solid copper jet and an electric current pulse is studied. Copper jets that were created by a shaped-charge device were passed through an electrode configuration consisting of two aluminum plates with a separation distance of 150 mm. The electrodes were connected to a pulsed-power supply delivering a current pulse with amplitudes up to 250 kA. The current and voltages were measured, providing data on energy deposition in the jet and electrode contact region, and flash X-ray diagnostics were used to depict the jet during and after electrification. The shape of, and the velocity distributions along, the jet has been used to estimate the correlation between the jet mass flow through the electrodes and the electrical energy deposition. On average, 2.8 kJ/g was deposited in the jet and electrode region, which is sufficient to bring the jet up to the boiling point. A model based on the assumption of a homogenous current flow through the jet between the electrodes underestimates the energy deposition and the jet resistance by a factor 5 compared with the experiments, indicating a more complex current flow through the jet. The experimental results indicate the following mechanism for the enhancement of jet breakup. When electrified, the natural-formed necks in the jet are subjected to a higher current density compared with other parts of the jet. The higher current density results in a stronger heating and a stronger magnetic pinch force. Eventually, the jet material in the neck is evaporated and explodes electrically, resulting in a radial ejection of vaporized jet material.

Flexible Valveless Pump for Bio Applications

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Naghdi ◽  
Farhad Farzbod ◽  
Paul M. Goggans
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Lorentz Force ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Electromechanical Actuators ◽  
Valveless Pump ◽  
Metal Wires ◽  
Lorentz Force Law

Abstract In electromechanical actuators Lorentz force law is used to convert electrical energy into rotational or linear mechanical energy. In these conventional electromechanical actuators, rigid wires conducts the electrical current and as such the types of motion generated by these actuators are limited. Recent advances in liquid metal alloys permit designing electrical wires that are stretchable. These flexible wires have been used to fabricate various flexible connections, sensors and antennas. However, there have been very little efforts to use these stretchable liquid metal wires as actuators. Building upon our previous work in this area, we have made a flexible pump which can be used in bio applications. In this design we placed a flexible polymeric substrate filled by liquid metal Galinstan between two permanent magnets. Since the pump should convey the biological cells suspended along the fluid flow, utilizing check valves may increase the risk of clog in the inlet or outlet. Therefore, our design is based on the nozzle/diffuser concept. This new pump can be considered as a peristaltic and valve-less mechanical pumps which utilizes the Lorentz force law as the actuating mechanism.

scholarly journals Analog tachometer as an indicator motorcycle machine wearing based on moving coil

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
Dhanis Woro Fittrin Selo Nur Giyatno ◽  
Tommy Richard Orlando ◽  
Nining Supriatin
Keyword(s):  
Control Unit ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Current Sensing ◽  
Variable Resistor ◽  
Rotary Machine ◽  
System A ◽  
Machine Reliability ◽  
Electronic Instrumentation

As an increasing highly mobility and high traffic, the necessary of motorcycle is highly increasing. The condition makes user ride motorcycle with highly speed in highly frequency. Then, these conditions make motorcycle machine reliability is highly decreasing. Finally, it made machine is run to damage and maintenance cost to be high. Analog tachometer is an electronic instrumentation that proposed to solve these problems. Actually, instrumentation system of tachometer is an electromechanical system. A wire in a control unit is embedded into shaft of crank. Then, magnet in control unit will convert rotary machine energy into electrical energy with d’Arsonval meter. Current sensor and small variable resistor are the kind of sensor that are used in tachometer. Small variable resistor is used for tuning and recalibration. Utilization small variable resistor in tachometer circuit is make calibration and recalibration current sensing of electrical current that rectified by diode. Tachometer for counting rotation per minute (RPM) motorcycle machine is built up. The tachometer has capability to count RPM motorcycle machine 1,000 – 13.000 RPM. The range is reliable as an indicator for user to minimize motorcycle machine wearing.

Electrical energy metering: Some challenges of the European Directive on Measuring Instruments (MID)

Measurement ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 3347-3354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bernieri ◽  
Giovanni Betta ◽  
Luigi Ferrigno ◽  
Marco Laracca ◽  
Rosario Schiano Lo Moriello
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
European Directive ◽  
Energy Metering

SUPERCONDUCTING CABLES – ANALYSIS OF THEIR OPERATION AND APPLICATIONS IN ELECTRIC GRIDS

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (0) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Jacek SOSNOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Cable Model ◽  
Barrier Formation ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Electric Grids ◽  
Pinning Potential ◽  
Current Voltage Characteristics ◽  
Superconducting Cables

In this paper the use of high temperature superconducting cables for transporting electrical energy is analysed. The construction of a short model of a superconducting cable is explained, global progress in this field is examined and related electromagnetic phenomena are discussed, particularly those concerning pinning potential barrier formation. The paper analyses the results of investigations into the current-voltage characteristics of superconducting cable model working in the temperature of liquid nitrogen, allowing to reach the value of critical current equal to 45 A.

LANGEVIN'S APPROACH TO NON-GAUSSIAN INTERNAL NOISE DESCRIPTION

2004 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. L617-L622 ◽  
Author(s):  
BORIS M. GRAFOV
Keyword(s):  
Internal Noise ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Stochastic Equations ◽  
Invariance Property ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Quantum Frequency ◽  
Fluctuation Dissipation ◽  
Fluctuation Dissipation Theorem ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Non Gaussian

The dual Langevin stochastic equations for non-Gaussian internal noise that are consistent with Nyquist's fluctuation-dissipation theorem are derived. It results in the fact that the equilibrium current-voltage cumulant spectra possess the invariance property. The possibility to use the dual Langevin stochastic equations under the steady-state electrical current condition and in the quantum frequency range is discussed.

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