scholarly journals Can Cost-effective Reallocation of Inputs Increase the Efficiency of the Public Health System in Pakistan?

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (4II) ◽  
pp. 669-693
Author(s):  
M. Aynulhasan ◽  
Hafiz A. Pasha ◽  
Ajazm M. Rasheed
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Public Health Department ◽  
Social Sector ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social

Heavy investment in many developing countries in the social sector including health is based on the premise that human capital is vital to the growth and development of a nation. However, Pakistan's spending on this sector has been one of the lowest in the region. In the present environment of high budget deficits, one does not expect substantial public funds to be forthcoming and diverted towards the social sector in the intermediate- or medium-term future. The critical issue facing the public sector should then be to design health policies which must be cost-effective and efficient. This study examines these health policy issues within the context of an optimisation framework for public health system, forecasts future upto (2002-03) and discusses an efficient optimal mix of health inputs, outputs, expenditures, and wage policies under alternative scenarios. The study recommends that, first, growth of health infrastructure building in the urban areas be slowed down in the short-term (two to three years), and some of the resources reallocated towards the rural sector either in terms of building new Basic Health Units or upgrading the existing Rural Health Centres. Second, not only attractive wage policies be formulated for health personnel, but the status of nurses in the public health system be also elevated by giving them higher grades. Third, for every rupee of development expenditure incurred, Public Health Department must plan or keep provisions for recurring outlays. All this reallocation of resources is feasible within the projected actual budget and it will lead to efficiency gains in the order of 8 to 10 percent for the entire public health system.

scholarly journals Path taken by morbidly obese people in search of bariatric surgery in the public health system

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudete Aparecida Conz ◽  
Maria Cristina Pinto de Jesus ◽  
Estela Kortchmar ◽  
Vanessa Augusta Souza Braga ◽  
Renata Evangelista Tavares Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Health System ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Obese People ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social

Objective: to understand the path taken in the public health system by people with morbid obesity in the search for bariatric surgery. Method: qualitative research based on the social phenomenology of Alfred Schütz, with 17 hospitalized morbidly obese people, with a scheduled date for bariatric surgery. The phenomenological interview with open questions was used and the statements were analyzed in the light of the theoretical-methodological framework and literature related to the theme. Results: the participants were able to schedule bariatric surgery by referring friends, family and public people. The waiting list for the procedure generated anguish and anxiety due to fear of surgery, weight gain, risk of worsening health and physical limitations, but it helped prepare for its performance. The experience lived in the search for bariatric surgery led these people to want continuity of care in the Basic Health Unit, after the surgery, by professionals trained to meet their needs. Conclusion: the aspects inscribed in the path of people in search of bariatric surgery signal the need to strengthen the assistance-related flows of the public health system and to invest in professional training to reduce the social inequalities in access to bariatric surgery and increased quality of services.

scholarly journals Is cell salvage cost-effective in posterior arthrodesis for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in the public health system?

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
José A. A. Oliveira ◽  
Fernando A. M. Façanha Filho ◽  
Francisco V. Fernandes ◽  
Paulo C. Almeida ◽  
Vládia F. de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Health System ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cell Salvage ◽  
The Public ◽  
Posterior Arthrodesis

Aufgabenwahrnehmung zwischen Partikularinteressen und Gemeinwohl: Steuerung des Gesundheitswesens durch die Selbstverwaltung

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 537-545
Author(s):  
Markus Hofmann ◽  
Robert Spiller
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Management Style ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Administrative Structures

Zusammenfassung Die Kompetenzen der Institution der Sozialen Selbstverwaltung in der Steuerung des öffentlichen deutschen Gesundheitssystems sind geprägt von der historisch und gesetzlich begründeten Legitimation der Sozialpartner, Verantwortung sowohl für eine am Versichertenbedarf auszurichtende Gesundheitsversorgung zu übernehmen als auch deren Wirksamkeit durch demokratische Partizipation und nachhaltige Finanzierung sicherzustellen. Verschiedene politische Initiativen haben in den vergangenen Jahren sukzessive dazu beigetragen, diese Bedeutung zugunsten einer strukturellen Professionalisierung zurückzudrängen, wodurch auch das Verständnis der ehrenamtlichen Ebene der sozialen Selbstverwaltung unter Druck gesetzt wurde. Dies geschah im Kontext einer am Primat des Wettbewerbs und der Wirtschaftlichkeitsorientierung ausgerichteten Gesundheitspolitik. Um die Solidargemeinschaft GKV gegen diese Tendenzen zu stärken, ist auch eine Stärkung des Solidaritätsprinzips und damit eine Stärkung des Systems der ehrenamtlichen sozialen Selbstverwaltung notwendig. Abstract The social self-administration asserts control over the German public health system according to both a broad historical and social legitimation and a legal consensus on the role and competences of the social partners. Policy readjustments led to a subsequent shift of power within these administrative structures towards a professional, economy-oriented management style in accordance with a new, broad health policy perception based on competition and market influence. Thus, it is necessary to strengthen both the principle of solidarity and the voluntary dimension of the social self-administration in order to realign the public health system with a focus on public interest, needs of the social insured and sustainability of the social insurance systems.

scholarly journals A Panel Evaluation of the Changes in the General Public’s Social-Media-Following of United States’ Public Health Departments during COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272199545
Author(s):  
Areej Khokhar ◽  
Aaron Spaulding ◽  
Zuhair Niazi ◽  
Sikander Ailawadhi ◽  
Rami Manochakian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Health Department ◽  
Health Departments ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Departments ◽  
The Social ◽  
The U.S

Importance: Social media is widely used by various segments of society. Its role as a tool of communication by the Public Health Departments in the U.S. remains unknown. Objective: To determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on social media following of the Public Health Departments of the 50 States of the U.S. Design, Setting, and Participants: Data were collected by visiting the Public Health Department web page for each social media platform. State-level demographics were collected from the U.S. Census Bureau. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention was utilized to collect information regarding the Governance of each State’s Public Health Department. Health rankings were collected from “America’s Health Rankings” 2019 Annual report from the United Health Foundation. The U.S. News and World Report Education Rankings were utilized to provide information regarding the public education of each State. Exposure: Data were pulled on 3 separate dates: first on March 5th (baseline and pre-national emergency declaration (NED) for COVID-19), March 18th (week following NED), and March 25th (2 weeks after NED). In addition, a variable identifying the total change across platforms was also created. All data were collected at the State level. Main Outcome: Overall, the social media following of the state Public Health Departments was very low. There was a significant increase in the public interest in following the Public Health Departments during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: With the declaration of National Emergency, there was a 150% increase in overall public following of the State Public Health Departments in the U.S. The increase was most noted in the Midwest and South regions of the U.S. The overall following in the pandemic “hotspots,” such as New York, California, and Florida, was significantly lower. Interesting correlations were noted between various demographic variables, health, and education ranking of the States and the social media following of their Health Departments. Conclusion and Relevance: Social media following of Public Health Departments across all States of the U.S. was very low. Though, the social media following significantly increased during the early course of the COVID-19 pandemic, but it still remains low. Significant opportunity exists for Public Health Departments to improve social media use to engage the public better.

scholarly journals The high cost patients on waiting list for the Liver Transplantation. main burdens and consequences for the Public Health System

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. A224
Author(s):  
J.A. Turri ◽  
L.B. Haddad ◽  
W. Andrauss ◽  
L.A. D’Albuquerque ◽  
M.A. Diniz
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Health System ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Waiting List ◽  
The Public

Development of a probabilistic model for quantitative risk assessment of COVID-19 in Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150069
Author(s):  
Paulo Gabriel Santos Campos de Siqueira ◽  
Alexandre Calumbi Antunes de Oliveira ◽  
Heitor Oliveira Duarte ◽  
Márcio das Chagas Moura
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health System ◽  
Probabilistic Model ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
Excessive Number

We have developed a probabilistic model to quantify the risks of COVID-19 explosion in Brazil, the epicenter of COVID-19 in Latin America. By explosion, we mean an excessive number of new infections that would overload the public health system. We made predictions from July 12th to Oct 10th, 2020 for various containment strategies, including business as usual, stay at home (SAH) for young and elderly, flight restrictions among regions, gradual resumption of business and the compulsory wearing of masks. They indicate that: if a SAH strategy were sustained, there would be a negligible risk of explosion and the public health system would not be overloaded. For the other containment strategies, the scenario that combines the gradual resumption of business with the mandatory wearing of masks would be the most effective, reducing risk to considerable category. Should this strategy is applied together with the investment in more Intensive Care Unit beds, risk could be reduced to negligible levels. A sensitivity analysis sustained that risks would be negligible if SAH measures were adopted thoroughly.

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