scholarly journals Diarrhoea Morbidity Differentials among Children in Pakistan

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Arif ◽  
Sabiha Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Environmental Covariates ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
Supplementary Foods ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Diarrhoea Episode

The present study used the 1995-96 Pakistan Integrated Household Survey data to determine the socio-economic, demographic, and environmental covariates of both prevalence and duration of diarrhoea among children under five in Pakistan. Seven logit models were estimated to determine factors influencing the probability of occurrence of diarrhoea. Seven Proportional Hazards Models were used to examine factors determining the duration of diarrhoea. Results revealed that around 20 percent of children under five suffered from diarrhoea in the 30 days prior to the survey. Child’s age was negatively associated with diarrhoea morbidity. Children who had measles immunisation were less likely than children without this immunisation to have diarrhoea. The study also revealed that in controlling the occurrence of diarrhoea among children, sanitation facilities seemed to be more important than the supply of drinking-water. With respect to the duration of diarrhoea, the hazard models showed that younger children, particularly under the age of two, were relatively at a greater risk to suffer from longer diarrhoea episode. The use of Nimkol (ORT) showed a significant and positive effect on recovering quickly from the diarrhoea morbidity. The findings of the study suggest that mothers should be given health education so that they are familiar with the simply prepared treatment, Nimkol, and have knowledge about personal hygiene, and specially of preparing supplementary foods for children.

scholarly journals BEHAVIOR RELATIONSHIP MOTHER AND OWNERSHIP OF TOILET FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN EVENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eti Kurniawati
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Immune Health

<p>Ascariasis incidence in children under five in the region work of Puskesmas Olak Kemang still a health problem that needs to be addressed, with a percentage of 51.0% is higher than in other wilayh. The disease is not lethal but can undermine the health of the human body so that the resulting decline in nutritional status, decreased intelligence and brain power or immune health in children.</p><p>               This research is a quantitative study using descriptive analytic method with cross sectional study design that aims to determine the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The population in this research that all children under five in the area of Puskesmas Olak Kemang, samples in this study were 75 children under five. Data were analyzed using analysis Univariate and Bivariate analysis with Chi-Square Test.</p><p>               The results showed that 78.0% of mothers of children under five who are not air personal hygiene, 60.4% of mothers of children under five unusual CTPS, 82.1% of respondents who did not state house meliliki latrine / WC. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between personal hygiene (p-value = 0.000), customs CTPS (p-value = 0.001), latrine ownership (p-value = 0.000) with the incidence of intestinal worms in Puskesmas Olak Kemang Jambi.</p><p>               In connection with the results obtained, that the danger of de- worming is dependent on the cleanliness of his mother in serving as personal hygiene, CTPS and Owners toilets in every home. Thus the researchers suggested that the health center may be able to provide information to the public education about the dangers of de- worming to create a healthy society.</p><p> </p>Keyword                     :  Behavior, Children Events

scholarly journals RISK FACTORS OF PROTEIN-ENERGY MALNUTRITION DEFICIENCY AMONG CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS AT MUSI INTERNAL DISPLACED PERSONS CAMP HOUSEHOLD SURVEY – NYALA LOCALITY – SOUTH DARFUR STATE 2011

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
M.Hussein Ahmed ◽  
Dawria Adam ◽  
Abdelbasit. M. Burma Salim ◽  
Belal Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Protein Energy

We  conduct  this  study  to  study risk factors of   protein energy malnutrition  Among Children Under Five years .This  study was conducted in Nyala  Locality in south  Darfur  State in  Sudan. Cross-sectional descriptive study to measure the Prevalence of protein energy malnutrition. This study designed to cover (n=402 child).

Prevalence and regional variations of coexistence of child stunting and maternal overweight or obesity in Myanmar

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Seo Ah Hong
Keyword(s):  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Regional Variations ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Obese Mother ◽  
Maternal Overweight ◽  
National Prevalence

Abstract Objective: The current study aimed to investigate double burden of malnutrition within households at the national and subnational levels and to identify its association with sociodemographic factors in Myanmar. Design: All the variables were extracted from children’s file of the Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey 2015–2016. Children under five were identified as stunted based on a height-for-age < −2 sd below the WHO reference median. Maternal overweight/obesity was defined as a BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2. A stunted child with an overweight/obese mother (SCOM) was classified as a double-burden household. Setting: A national household survey in Myanmar. Participants: Children under five and their mothers (n 3954 pairs). Results: Mean ages of children and mothers were 29 (se 0·14) months and 30·9 (se 0·32) years, respectively. National prevalence of childhood stunting and maternal overweight/obesity was 28·0 % and 39·4 %, respectively, and the prevalence of SCOM was 9·1 %. Significant regional differences were found in SCOM, ranging from 3·6 % in Naypyitaw to 12 % in Kachin and Mon and 14·6 % in Kayah. In the multinomial logistic regression analysis, relative to neither a stunted child nor an overweight/obese mother, child’s age, maternal age, maternal experience of a teen birth, short mothers, mothers with primary education and in middle or rich wealth tertiles, and some regions (Kachin, Kayah, Shan, Sagaing, Taninthayi, Ayeyarwaddy, Mon and Yangon) were associated with greater odds of SCOM. Conclusions: The current study showed a relatively high national prevalence of SCOM and significant regional variations. Overarching policies and programmes with culturally sensitive strategies need to be formulated and implemented.

scholarly journals Towards Understanding Vegetables Consumption Behaviour in Iran: A Full Box-Cox Double-Hurdle Application

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatice Ozer Balli ◽  
Mohammad Amin Kouhbor ◽  
Rosmy Jean Louis
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Hurdle Model ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Consumption Behaviour ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
Double Hurdle ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractUsing Iran’s 2010–2011 household survey data on income and expenditure, this paper estimates the demand for vegetable consumption. Based on the Vuong’s (1989) Likelihood Ratio Test for Model Selection and Non-Nested Hypothesis, a full Box-Cox double-hurdle model adjusted for heteroskedasticity, dependency, and normality was estimated to uncover factors underlying Iranian households’ decisions to purchase and consume vegetables. Results show that all demographic, socioeconomic, and geographical variables significantly explain vegetable consumption behaviour in Iran. A positive relationship exists between educational attainment and the decision to purchase and consume vegetables. As well, households’ size and average age exert a statistically significant positive effect on vegetable consumption.

scholarly journals Development of home-based ready-to-use supplementary food (RUSF-HB) to overcome nutrition-related problems among children under five during the covid-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 883 (1) ◽  
pp. 012074
Author(s):  
S Sastrawan ◽  
M Menap ◽  
L Sulaiman ◽  
H Hendrayani
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Local Foods ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Supplementary Foods ◽  
Taste And Smell

Abstract The most direct causes of malnutrition are food consumption and infection. Yet the prolonged Covid-19 pandemic has limited low-income families’ ability to fulfil the need for nutrition consumption, particularly for children under five. Responding to this situation, we sought to develop home-based ready-to-use supplementary foods (RUSF-HB) from local ingredients that are energy-protein-dense, affordable, simple and easy to produce at home. We created three milk-free formulas (MFFs) and six standard formulas (STFs). Three cheap and abundant local foods: soybeans, cowpeas, and mung beans were combined with rice flour, refined sugar, and coconut oil. A cross-over study design was used to assess food organoleptic, which showed that the products were comparable in several sensory aspects except for the odour and the taste. Soybeans-based formulas contain slightly more energy and protein compared to mung beans or cowpeas-based ones. However, the mung beans-based formulas were more favourable to caregivers and children, particularly their taste and smell. The products contain slightly less energy than the recommended ones but high enough to supply macronutrient for those in need on a regular basis. The caregivers considered the total price for the products was affordable, and the formula was easy to follow.

scholarly journals Sampling plan of the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019): a population-based household survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurício Teixeira Leite de Vasconcellos ◽  
Pedro Luis do Nascimento Silva ◽  
Inês Rugani Ribeiro de Castro ◽  
Cristiano Siqueira Boccolini ◽  
Nadya Helena Alves-Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Survey ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sampling Plan ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Blood Biomarkers ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Geographic Regions

The article describes methodological aspects in defining the study population, sampling plan, and sample weigthing and calibration of effective sample of the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019). This population-based household survey assessed breastfeeding and dietary intake, anthropometric assessment of nutritional status, and micronutrient deficiencies by blood biomarkers in children under five years of age. The data were obtained with a probability sample, with stratification by the five geographic regions in the country and clustering by census enumeration areas (CEAs). The sample was calculated at 15,000 households distributed in 1,500 CEAs, with 300 allocated in each of Brazil’s five major geographic regions and 10 eligible households per CEA, sampled using inverse sampling. The required population parameters were thus estimated to reach the study’s objectives. The basic sampling design weights were calculated as the inverse probabilities of the households’ inclusion in the study. Imputation was used to compensate for non-response to items in the target variables, except for data on the blood biomarkers. Finally, calibration used population totals of children in 60 post-strata, defined by cross-classification of the following variables: major geographic region, sex, and age. The final sample included 14,558 children residing in 12,524 households, distributed in 1,382 CEAs in the 26 states of Brazil and the Federal District. The data from the ENANI-2019 survey will support strategies for the promotion and implementation of public policies for children under five years of age.

scholarly journals Methodological aspects of the assessment of dietary intake in the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019): a population-based household survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Maria de Aquino Lacerda ◽  
Cristiano Siqueira Boccolini ◽  
Nadya Helena Alves-Santos ◽  
Inês Rugani Ribeiro de Castro ◽  
Luiz Antonio dos Anjos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Child Nutrition ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five

Abstract: This manuscript aims to describe the methodological, operational, and quality control aspects of the assessment of dietary intake in children under five years of age participating in the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019), a household survey in a probability sample of Brazilian households. Two instruments were developed to assess child feeding practices - a structured, current status-type questionnaire and a 24-hour dietary recall (24HR), both installed in a mobile data collection device used by previously trained interviewers. A Photographic Manual for Quantification of Children’s Dietary Intake was specifically developed for and used in the survey as a support aid to identify and quantify foods reported in the 24HR. During the fieldwork, continuous quality control of the records was performed. Data errors or incomplete data in the system were corrected, and the fieldwork team was systematically contacted and informed on their performance, with reiterated orientation on data collection. All children in the sample were evaluated with the two instruments, but data were obtained from the structured questionnaire on all children in the sample (n = 14,558) and 24HR on 14,541 children. ENANI-2019 developed innovative methods and materials based on the Brazilian and international literature to address knowledge gaps on under-five children’s dietary intake. Unprecedented results will be produced, which will allow updating food and nutrition guidelines for children under five years of age in Brazil.

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