scholarly journals Towards Understanding Vegetables Consumption Behaviour in Iran: A Full Box-Cox Double-Hurdle Application

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatice Ozer Balli ◽  
Mohammad Amin Kouhbor ◽  
Rosmy Jean Louis
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Hurdle Model ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Consumption Behaviour ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
Double Hurdle ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractUsing Iran’s 2010–2011 household survey data on income and expenditure, this paper estimates the demand for vegetable consumption. Based on the Vuong’s (1989) Likelihood Ratio Test for Model Selection and Non-Nested Hypothesis, a full Box-Cox double-hurdle model adjusted for heteroskedasticity, dependency, and normality was estimated to uncover factors underlying Iranian households’ decisions to purchase and consume vegetables. Results show that all demographic, socioeconomic, and geographical variables significantly explain vegetable consumption behaviour in Iran. A positive relationship exists between educational attainment and the decision to purchase and consume vegetables. As well, households’ size and average age exert a statistically significant positive effect on vegetable consumption.

scholarly journals Analyzing Fresh Vegetable Consumption From Household Survey Data

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Tobit Model ◽  
Household Composition ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Fresh Vegetable ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
Double Hurdle ◽  
The Impact

Abstract To analyze fresh vegetable consumption using household survey data, the tobit model and a more flexible parameterization to the tobit model—the “double hurdle” model—were considered. Based on the likelihood ratio test, the tobit model was rejected against the “double hurdle” specification. Moreover, the results suggest that the tobit model underestimated the impact of the explanatory variables on fresh vegetable expenditures. Other results indicate that total food expenditures (proxy for income), age, household composition, sex, race, marital status, urbanization, region, and seasonality are all important determinants of fresh vegetable expenditures.

scholarly journals Detect Determinants of Profitability Performance of Sharia Bank

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Aprih Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Study Variable ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Window Period ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Capital Adequacy Ratio ◽  
Positive Effect

This study was to examine effects of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) on Return On Asset (ROA) with Non Performing  Financing (NPF) as a moderating variable. The sampling used in this study are sharia bank belonging to Bank Indonesia with criteria are: (1) The Bank Sharia is consistently included in Bank Indonesia for the period 2013-2018 during the estimated period and window period. (2) Available financial reports published on Bank Indonesia. Based on these criteria, 72 Bank Sharia are listed in Bank Indonesia. The results of this study variable Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) significant positive effect on Return On Asset (ROA). Variable Non Performing  Financing (NPF) significantly strengthen the positive relationship between Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) on Return On Asset (ROA).Keywords: CAR, NPF, ROA

NEW EVIDENCE ON CONSUMER SPENDING ON GAMBLING

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Hurdle Model ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Consumer Expenditure ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Double Hurdle Model ◽  
The Us ◽  
Gambling Expenditure ◽  
Empirical Regularities ◽  
Double Hurdle ◽  
Using Data

Characteristics of households who participate in gambling markets in the US, and the determinants of household expenditure on gambling, are investigated using data from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (CEX). I estimate empirical models of participation in gambling markets and gambling expenditure using Tobit and double hurdle estimators. A likelihood ratio test rejects Tobit in favor of the double hurdle model. The double hurdle model estimates show that key explanatory variables affect participation and expenditure with different signs. Tobit, which is widely used in the literature, forces the signs to be identical, calling into question empirical regularities reported in this literature.

scholarly journals Diarrhoea Morbidity Differentials among Children in Pakistan

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Arif ◽  
Sabiha Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Environmental Covariates ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
Supplementary Foods ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Diarrhoea Episode

The present study used the 1995-96 Pakistan Integrated Household Survey data to determine the socio-economic, demographic, and environmental covariates of both prevalence and duration of diarrhoea among children under five in Pakistan. Seven logit models were estimated to determine factors influencing the probability of occurrence of diarrhoea. Seven Proportional Hazards Models were used to examine factors determining the duration of diarrhoea. Results revealed that around 20 percent of children under five suffered from diarrhoea in the 30 days prior to the survey. Child’s age was negatively associated with diarrhoea morbidity. Children who had measles immunisation were less likely than children without this immunisation to have diarrhoea. The study also revealed that in controlling the occurrence of diarrhoea among children, sanitation facilities seemed to be more important than the supply of drinking-water. With respect to the duration of diarrhoea, the hazard models showed that younger children, particularly under the age of two, were relatively at a greater risk to suffer from longer diarrhoea episode. The use of Nimkol (ORT) showed a significant and positive effect on recovering quickly from the diarrhoea morbidity. The findings of the study suggest that mothers should be given health education so that they are familiar with the simply prepared treatment, Nimkol, and have knowledge about personal hygiene, and specially of preparing supplementary foods for children.

scholarly journals INDUSTRIAL DIVERSIFICATION AND FIRM PERFORMANCE OF MANUFACTURING: DOES EFFICIENCY MATTER?

TRIKONOMIKA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Rahmat Setiawan ◽  
Riska Agustin
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Industrial Diversification ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

Industrial diversification is one of the important strategies in developing the firm’s market share which is expected to improve firm’s performance. When a firm wants to diversify the industry, it requires knowledge and efficiency of managers in managing the strategy so that it can increase the benefits of the existence of industrial diversification relationship with firm’s performance. This study aims to examine the effect of efficiency on the relationship between industrial diversification and firm’s performance in manufacturing companies in Indonesia. By using the purposive sampling method and the 2012-2016 study periods, we obtained data from 70 manufacturing companies with a total of 253 observations. We found that industrial diversification had a significant positive effect on firm’s performance. Efficiency as a moderating variable shows that efficiency strengthens the positive relationship of industrial diversification on firm performance.

scholarly journals Is Consumption Pattern Homogeneous in Pakistan? Evidence from PSLM 2007-08.

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (4II) ◽  
pp. 629-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashfaque H. Khan ◽  
Umer Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Household Survey ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Differential Impact ◽  
Consumption Expenditures ◽  
Consumption Behaviour ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Household Survey Data

This study has analysed consumption behaviour of households across the four provinces of Pakistan using recent household survey data of 2007-08. It is found that the consumption patterns are not entirely homogeneous across all 4 provinces and also diverge across the urban-rural sectors within each province. The study has also examined the role of remittances in determining the level and distribution of household consumption expenditures, across all four provinces, by comparing the consumption behaviour of those households who received remittances versus those who did not. We found that households receiving remittances spent proportionately more on education in all provinces except Balochistan; while they spent proportionately less on food and drinks and transport and communication. In terms of the other expenditure categories, differential impact of remittances is observed across provinces.

scholarly journals Impact of Vulnerable Group Development (VGD) program on Improvement of Woman Headed Household Consumption Diversity in Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 2292-2305
Author(s):  
Mohammad Abdul Hannan Pradhan ◽  
Jamalludin Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Group Development ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Meal Frequency ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Capita Expenditure ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

A number of studies have established that Vulnerable Group Development (VGD) program beneficiaries are better off during the two-year benefit cycle. This study was an attempt to provide evidence using household survey data on whether the VGD program improves beneficiary household welfare over the cycle. This study was conducted in Sylhet district of Bangladesh. A structured questionnaire was administered to collect data from equal number of beneficiary and non-beneficiary households. This study used the propensity score matching (PSM) method to analyse data. The study finds a robust and positive effect of program on the beneficiary households to improve their wellbeing through improving meal frequency, per capita expenditure. The results signify consumption variability of the beneficiaries’ households. Furthermore, this behaviour of beneficiaries increases the demand for different items of good at the local market which could help enhancing the national growth. Thus the number of program beneficiary could be increased to promote the process. 

scholarly journals A Double-Hurdle Model of Healthcare Expenditures across Income Quintiles and Family Size: New Insights from a Household Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Ahmad Reshad Osmani ◽  
Albert Okunade
Keyword(s):  
Household Head ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Healthcare Spending ◽  
Hurdle Model ◽  
Healthcare Expenditures ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Double Hurdle Model ◽  
Double Hurdle ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
The Impact

The decision-making processes and outcomes of male and female household heads differ due to gender-based differences in preferences. In this paper, we assess the impact of this heterogeneity on household healthcare consumption in Thailand. Past studies modeling healthcare expenditures using household survey data used a gender dummy variable in regression models to control for household gender headship at the household level. Due to the endogeneity and self-selection bias in the past modelling approach, we separately modeled health expenditures for male and female household head decision makers. Using a household dataset from an earlier work, this study finds, using the double-hurdle model with dependent errors, that out-of-pocket health care spending tends to behave like a necessity across the income quintiles, household sizes, and differently for the separately modeled household gender heads. Moreover, male and female headed households responded differently to a major economic shock when adjusting household healthcare spending.

scholarly journals Grassland ecological compensation policy in China improves grassland quality and increases herders’ income

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingling Hou ◽  
Fang Xia ◽  
Qihui Chen ◽  
Jikun Huang ◽  
Yong He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Household Survey ◽  
Small Extent ◽  
Payment For Ecosystem Services ◽  
Compensation Policy ◽  
Ecological Compensation ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Production Behavior ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractMany countries have undertaken large and high-profile payment-for-ecosystem-services (PES) programs to sustain the use of their natural resources. Nevertheless, few studies have comprehensively examined the impacts of existing PES programs. Grassland Ecological Compensation Policy (GECP) is one of the few pastorally focused PES programs with large investments and long duration, which aim to improve grassland quality and increase herder income. Here we present empirical evidence of the effects of GECP on grassland quality and herder income. Through a thorough and in-depth econometric analysis of remote sensing and household survey data, we find that, although GECP improves grassland quality (albeit to only a small extent) and has a large positive effect on income, it exacerbates existing income inequality among herders within their local communities. The analysis demonstrates that the program has induced herders to change their livestock production behavior. Heterogeneity analysis emphasizes the importance of making sure the programs are flexible and are adapted to local resource circumstances.

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