scholarly journals An Update on Management of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease & Nonalcoholic Steatohepapititis is the Time Ripe for Achieving Resolution of NAFLD & NASH Soon

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Kulvinder Kochar Kaur ◽  
Gautam Allahbadia ◽  
Mandeep Singh
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Allyl Isothiocyanate ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

We earlier reviewed how obesity has assumed an endemic/pandemicproportions that has resulted in escalating incidence and prevalence ofassociated escalating worldwide incidence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS)with non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), that is correlated withenhanced morbidity. Later we tried to detail how probiotics, L-Carnitine(LC), Nicotinamide Ribose (NR) Combination, along with Apical SodiumDependent Bile Acids Transporter (ASBT) or Volixibat and Silybin,Vitamin D, Allyl Isothiocyanate (AITC), might aid in treating andunderstand the etiopathogenesis of NAFLD. The prevalence of NAFLDall over the world is approximately 25%, with that of non alcoholicsteatohepapititis (NASH), varying from 1.5%=6.45%. Particularly NASH,specifically the ones associated with fibrosis possess a greater chance ofgeneration of side effects that include progression to cirrhosis as well asliver-associated mortality. Despite an improvement was observed withvitamin E, Pioglitazone. liraglutide in histological appearance in liverrandomized controlled clinical trials (RCT), at present no drugs existsthat have received FDI approval for NASH. The aim of this review wasto update the newer drugs getting evaluated, undergoing phase 2-3 trials.Currently there are Obeticholic acid, elafibranor, cenicriviroc, resmetriom,in addition to aramchol, that are the five agents that are getting analysedin big, histology dependent phase 3 trials. Hopefully within another 2-4years, newer, efficacious drugs will be available for the therapy of NASH.Besides that a lot of phase 2 trials are continuing for different drugs.Further depending on outcomes of phase 2-3 trials, combination treatmentsare getting evaluated. For future therapeutic approaches would be madeup of variations in NASH phenotypes, besides personalized approachesbased on various NASH phenotypes in addition to response of every singlepatient. Further recently there were reports of utilization of curcumin withnonselective beta blocker for regression from cirrhosis (reviewed by us).Hopefully once there are approved therapies for NAFLD/NASH, we canwork in that direction.

New therapy for fatty liver

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Tanita Suttichaimongkol
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Liver Insulin Resistance ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Related Mortality

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of death from liver cirrhosis, endstage liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is also associated with increased cardiovasculardisease and cancer related mortality. While lifestyle modifications are the mainstay of treatment,only a proportion of patients are able to make due to difficult to achieve and maintain, and so moretreatment options are required such as pharmacotherapy. This review presents the drugs used inmanaging NAFLD and their pharmacologic targets. Therapies are currently directed towards improvingthe metabolic status of the liver, insulin resistance, cell oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation orfibrosis. Several agents are now in large clinical trials and within the next few years, the availability oftherapeutic options for NAFLD will be approved.     Keywords: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis  

scholarly journals Prevalence and Predictor of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahinul Alam ◽  
Mahabubul Alam ◽  
Sheikh Mohammad Noor E Alam ◽  
Ziaur Rahman Chowdhury ◽  
Jahangir Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Biopsy ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Fatty liver is a common cause of chronic liver disease in developed as well as developing countries.We have designed this study to estimate the prevalence and predictors for non alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We have included 493 patients with sonographic evidence of fatty change in liver and 177 of them had done liver biopsy for histopathological study. Other causes of liver disease and alcohol consumption were excluded. Metabolic syndrome and biochemical and anthropometric evaluation was done. Females were predominating 250 (57.0 %). Centrally obese 422 (96.2 %) was more than over all obesity330 (75.1%). NASH was absent in 10 (5.6%) cases and diagnostic of NASH was 75 Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons Vol. 32, No. 2, April 2014 (42.4 %).Presence of diabetes could significantly (p = 0.001) predicted NASH. Age, sex, BMI, waist circumference, Serum HDL,triglyceride, insulin resistance index, hypertension, metabolic syndrome could not predict NASH. Serum GGT level was significantly (p = 0.05) higher in NASHwith a sensitivity of 45 % and specificity of 68 % only. Serum ALT and AST level could not detect NASH. Females were predominant sufferer of NAFLD in Bangladesh. Prevalence of NASH was much higher42.4%. Diabetes was the main predictor of NASH. GGT was the only biochemical indicator of NASH. We recommend liver biopsy in NAFLD with diabetes and raised GGT.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2014; 32: 71-77

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Serological Markers in Viral Hepatitis and Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. A Comparative Study in Tertiary Care Hospital of Western Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
Ankush Mittal ◽  
Brijesh Sathian ◽  
Nishida Chandrasekharan ◽  
Akshay Lekhi ◽  
Shamim Mohammad Farooqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Serological Markers ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Background: Liver diseases is apparently increasing and emerging as a major public health problem. Worldwide,  chronic hepatitis B has  become  the tenth leading cause of death  and  persons infected with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), are about 350 million and  125 million respectively. The aim of current retrospective comparative study was concerned primarily to evaluate the significance of non invasive serological markers for diagnosing liver diseases and their predictive implications in Pokhara valley. Materials and Methods: It was a hospital based retrospective study carried out using the data maintained in the Department of Biochemistry of the Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal between 1st June 2009 and 31st   October 2010.  The variables collected were total protein, albumin, AST, ALT, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin.  Descriptive statistics and testing of hypothesis were used for the analysis. Data was analyzed using EPI INFO and SPSS 16 software. Results: Of 515 subjects, 120 were suffering from viral hepatitis and 88 had non alcoholic fatty liver disease. In cases of viral hepatitis, mean values of AST (CI 730.65 to 902.68) and ALT (CI 648.14 to 847.59) were markedly increased as compared to controls. Mild to moderate elevations in serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (CI 43.42 to 49.49), alanine aminotransferase (CI 43.90 to 53.92) were the most common laboratory abnormalities found in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Conclusion: Non invasive tests have demonstrated a reasonable ability to identify significant fibrosis, cirrhosis in particular, nor is it surprising that liver disease specialists and patients favour a non invasive approach.Key words: Viral hepatitis; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; Nepal.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v1i2.5137 Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2011;1 (2):60-63

scholarly journals Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Challenge from Mechanisms to Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Tarantino ◽  
Vincenzo Citro ◽  
Domenico Capone
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Focusing on previously published mechanisms of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), their uncertainty does not always permit a clear elucidation of the grassroot alterations that are at the basis of the wide-spread illness, and thus curing it is still a challenge. There is somehow exceptional progress, but many controversies persist in NAFLD research and clinical investigation. It is likely that hidden mechanisms will be brought to light in the near future. Hereby, the authors present, with some criticism, classical mechanisms that stand at the basis of NAFLD, and consider contextually different emerging processes. Without ascertaining these complex interactions, investigators have a long way left ahead before finding an effective therapy for NAFLD beyond diet and exercise.

scholarly journals Role of the endocrine system in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 150 (48) ◽  
pp. 2173-2181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krisztina Hagymási ◽  
Péter Reismann ◽  
Károly Rácz ◽  
Zsolt Tulassay
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The most frequent liver disorder in metabolic syndrome is the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Its pathogenesis is a complex, multifactorial process, characterized by insulin resistance and involvement of the endocrine system. Hypothyroidism may lead to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis via hyperlipidemia and obesity. Adult patients with growth hormone deficiency have a metabolic syndrome-like phenotype with obesity and many characteristic metabolic alterations. The chronic activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis results in metabolic syndrome as well. Cushing’s syndrome has also features of metabolic syndrome. Mild elevation of transaminase activities is commonly seen in patients with adrenal failure. Non-alcoholic steatosis is twice as common in postmenopusal as in premenopausal women and hormonal replacement therapy decreases the risk of steatosis. Insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus type 2, sleeping apnoe syndrome, cardiovascular disorders and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are more frequent in polycystic ovary syndrome. Hypoandrogenism in males and hyperandrogenism in females may lead to fatty liver via obesity and insulin resistance. Adipokines (leptin, acylation stimulating protein, adiponectin) have a potential role in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver. The alterations of endocrine system must be considered in the background of cryptogenic liver diseases. The endocrine perspective may help the therapeutic approaches in the future.

Sulfated polysaccharides from Enteromorpha prolifera suppress SREBP-2 and HMG-CoA reductase expression and attenuate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by a high-fat diet

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1899-1904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rendong Ren ◽  
Junjie Gong ◽  
Yanyan Zhao ◽  
Xinyun Zhuang ◽  
Yin Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Enteromorpha Prolifera ◽  
Hmg Coa Reductase ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Coa Reductase ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharides (EP) suppressed SREBP-2 and regulates expression of HMG-CoA reductase. Therefore, EP may be a functional food that can prevent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

scholarly journals Vitamin D3 Deficiency in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mahdi Hayatbakhsh Abbasi ◽  
Mohammad Javad Zahedi ◽  
Sodaif Darvish Moghadam ◽  
Fereshteh Arab Ghahestani ◽  
Fatemeh Karami Robati
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Vitamin D3 Deficiency ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Regarding the importance of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the high prevalence of vitamin D3 deficiency in different societies. This study aimed to evaluate the distribution of Vit D3 deficiency in individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In this cross-sectional study, 122 individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease were selected by a simple sampling method. After collecting demographic data, serum Vit 25(OH) D3 level was measured by the ELFA method. Blood lipids level (TG, cholesterol, HDL, LDL), FBS, AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, total and direct bilirubin, albumin, and PT were measured by the enzymatic method. To analyze the data, descriptive and analytical methods and SPSS software version 16 were used. The study cases are comprised of 122 individuals (57.4% male). The average age of cases was 42.4±11.7 years, and the mean of serum Vit D3 level was 19.8±22 ng/dl (3-220 ng/dl). Regarding the serum 25(OH) D3 levels data showed 66.4% of cases were Vit D3 deficient (Vit D3 level< 20 ng/dl), 18% had insufficient level (Vit D3 level=20-30 ng/dl), and the remained 15.6% had sufficient level (Vit D3 level> 30 ng/dl). HDL level was higher in individuals with 25(OH) D3 sufficiency compared to those with 25(OH) D3 insufficiency and Vit D3 deficiency (P=0.019). There was no significant relationship between serum Vit D3 level and other investigated variables. The results of this study indicated that most individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease had Vit D3 deficiency. Further studies are suggested.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Serum Visfatin, Blood Glucose, Lipid Metabolism and Nonalcoholic Fatty liver Disease in Simple Obese Children

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
mostafa Ahmed EL Foly ◽  
lubna Anas Fawaz ◽  
Ashraf Mohammed Osman ◽  
Salwa Hussien Swelam ◽  
Noura Elbakry
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract Abstract Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) ranges from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)leading to fibrosis and potentially cirrhosis, and it is one of the most common causes of liver disease worldwide.NAFLD is associated with other medical conditions suchas metabolic syndrome, obesity, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Visfatin is an adipocytokine hormone, which exerts an insulin-like effect by binding to the insulin receptor-1, we aim to investigate the correlation between serum Visfatin and both glucose, lipid metabolism and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Simple obese children. Methods: This prospective study included 62 children clinically evaluated as obese and 35 apparently healthy children, age and sex matched as controls. Patients were recruited from the emergency department, in-patient wards and out-patient clinics of thepediatric department of EL-Mina University, children's hospital.While controls were collected from healthy school children during day time between September, 2016 and October, 2017. Fasting Visfatin, glucose, hemoglobinA1cand lipid levels were assayed and abdominal ultrasonography was done for detection of NAFLD. Results There was a statistically significant correlation between serum Visfatin level and BMI (p<0.01), cholesterol levels (p< 0.01), triglycerides levels (p< 0.01), LDL levels (p< 0.01), HDL levels (p< 0.01) in both overweight and obese groups. Conclusions: Visfatin plays an important role in regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, also in inflammation and insulin resistance, suggesting a role in pathogenesis of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Key words: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; metabolic syndrome; Visfatin

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