scholarly journals High resolution computed tomography signs lead an early diagnosis of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 067-071
Author(s):  
Prashant Kumar ◽  
Rajeev Kumar ◽  
Sanjeev Arya ◽  
Jumana Haji
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Introduction: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has huge impact on public health. RT-PCR of respiratory samples is generally accepted confirmatory test which can miss several cases due to various factors. Case description: A 32-years-old male without any co-morbidity presented with complaints of cough and fever was negative for Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) on two separate occasions on two different centres died and the last sample sent on 30th day of admission tested positive for RT-PCR. Radiologist reported the CT Chest signs as highly likely case of COVID-19 on the day of admission. Clinical significance: Radiological signs on CT chest can contribute in the diagnostic workup of CIVID-19. Conclusion: Radiological signs reported in suspected COVID-19 should be noticed and given adequate weightage in conditions where the other laboratory tests are negative.

scholarly journals A comprehensive review on epidemiology, aetiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of the novel coronavirus syndrome – COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-123
Author(s):  
Kulvinder Kochar Kaur ◽  
◽  
Gautam Allahbadia ◽  
Mandeep Singh ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Severe Respiratory Illness

Since the outbreak of the novel Coronavirus in December 2019 in Wuhan China, this novel Coronavirus disease(COVID-19) has spread worldwide taking not only epidemic proportions but with its rapid spread world health organization(WHO) was forced to declare it as a pandemic. The Severe Acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-Coronavirus (CoV2) virus is responsible for clusters of severe respiratory illness that simulates acute respiratory syndrome that was what was initially. It is thought although that it is equivalent to the high altitude pulmonary oedema (HAPE), showing glass ground opacities in lungs. More experience is getting acquired with changes in treatment approaches from PEEP to avoid intubation and just ensure oxygen levels maintained. Human to human transmission through droplets, contaminated hands as well as surfaces, has been revealed with an incubation period varying from 2-14 days. Early diagnosis using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or computed tomography (CT) scan chest, quarantine, as well as supportive treatment are necessary for getting a cure. In this review we have tried to analyze the epidemiology, diagnosis, isolation, and treatment, including antiviral drugs like remdesivir, favipiravir, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, corticosteroids, antibiotics, and ivermectin. With 3 successful cases of convalescent plasma achieved in USA, trials going on in India along with vaccines are also detailed in this article.

scholarly journals Persistent SARS-CoV-2-positive over 4 months in a COVID-19 patient with CHB

Open Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 749-753
Author(s):  
Wenyuan Li ◽  
Beibei Huang ◽  
Qiang Shen ◽  
Shouwei Jiang ◽  
Kun Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
Oxygen Inhalation ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Abstract In recent months, the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a major public health crisis with takeover more than 1 million lives worldwide. The long-lasting existence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has not yet been reported. Herein, we report a case of SARS-CoV-2 infection with intermittent viral polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive for >4 months after clinical rehabilitation. A 35-year-old male was diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia with fever but without other specific symptoms. The treatment with lopinavir-ritonavir, oxygen inhalation, and other symptomatic supportive treatment facilitated recovery, and the patient was discharged. However, his viral PCR test was continually positive in oropharyngeal swabs for >4 months after that. At the end of June 2020, he was still under quarantine and observation. The contribution of current antivirus therapy might be limited. The prognosis of COVID-19 patients might be irrelevant to the virus status. Thus, further investigation to evaluate the contagiousness of convalescent patients and the mechanism underlying the persistent existence of SARS-CoV-2 after recovery is essential. A new strategy of disease control, especially extending the follow-up period for recovered COVID-19 patients, is necessary to adapt to the current situation of pandemic.

scholarly journals Methods of Diagnosis a Preferential Advantage in COVID-19: A Mini Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 173-179
Author(s):  
Neha Saini ◽  
Prem Pandey ◽  
Mandar Shirolkar ◽  
Atul Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The World ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Humanity is going through never seen before health crisis due to the outbreak of novel coronavirus or Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). There are 24.02 million cases and 0.82 million deaths worldwide as of 26th August 2020 due to deadly infection of COVID-19. The disease has been spreading exponentially (R-naught number: 3) and has challenged even the best healthcare infrastructure in the world. With the progression of the disease, the countries shifted the focus from cure to diagnosis and containment to flatten the curve. The review shows that the disease is spreading exponentially while the resources are still limited. We focus upon the probable vectors of the virus, different diagnostic methods with advantages & limitations, and the way forward. This review article covers the different diagnostic methods with more advantages, limitations, and the future sneak-peek into the forthcoming developments for the diagnostic processes such as RT-PCR (Reverse Transcription Polymerase chain reaction).

scholarly journals An atypical case: RT-PCR-negative, sero-positive covid-19 patient

Pneumologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
William Suriady ◽  
Andika Chandra Putra ◽  
Wiwien Heru Wiyono ◽  
Mohammad Fahmi Alatas ◽  
Bettia Bermawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
False Negative ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
World Health ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Atypical Case ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract The novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become a public health emergency of international concern. The first confirmed COVID-19 case in Indonesia was announced on 2 March 2020, and later on, 11,192 confirmed cases were reported as of 3 May. The World Health Organization has stated that performing a real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) specific for SARS-CoV-2 on specimens from the upper and the lower respiratory tracts, especially nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs, is the standard diagnostic procedure for COVID-19. In Indonesia, we also use other diagnostic tests, such as rapid antibody tests specific for SARS-CoV-2. Herein, we report an atypical case of COVID-19 and describe the diagnostic process, the clinical course, with progression to severe pneumonia on Week 3 of illness and the case management. We also try to highlight the possibility of false-negative RT-PCR tests.

scholarly journals Imaging of abdominal complications of COVID-19 infection

BJR|Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20200052
Author(s):  
Damiano Caruso ◽  
Marta Zerunian ◽  
Francesco Pucciarelli ◽  
Elena Lucertini ◽  
Benedetta Bracci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Abdominal Ct ◽  
Radiological Features ◽  
Abdominal Symptoms ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory syndrome caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) first described in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in the last months of 2019 and then declared as a pandemic. Typical symptoms are represented by fever, cough, dyspnea and fatigue, but SARS-CoV-2 infection can also cause gastrointestinal symptoms (vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, loss of appetite) or be totally asymptomatic. As reported in literature, many patients with COVID-19 pneumonia had a secondary abdominal involvement (bowel, pancreas, gallbladder, spleen, liver, kidneys), confirmed by laboratory tests and also by radiological features. Usually the diagnosis of COVID-19 is suspected and then confirmed by real-time reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), after the examination of the lung bases of patients, admitted to the emergency department with abdominal symptoms and signs, who underwent abdominal-CT. The aim of this review is to describe the typical and atypical abdominal imaging findings in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection reported since now in literature.

scholarly journals Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 and Pulmonary Tuberculosis Coinfection: Double Trouble

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijeet Singh ◽  
Ayush Gupta ◽  
Kamanashish Das
Keyword(s):  
Throat Swab ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Swab Sample ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background: The ongoing pandemic of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has received worldwide attention by becoming a major global health threat. We encountered one case with COVID-19 and tuberculosis (TB) coinfection which has not been frequently reported. Case presentation: A 76 year old female presented with acute respiratory symptoms superimposed on chronic symptoms, suggestive to have pneumonia. Oropharyngeal throat swab sample for COVID-19 was positive as detected by real-time reverse-transcriptase–polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) assay. GeneXpert Ultra detected Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex with Rifampicin resistance indeterminate. Patient was treated with appropriate management. Conclusion: Clinicians should suspect coinfection with TB during ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 as therapeutic strategies need to be determined timely to improve outcome and prevent transmission in community.

scholarly journals The use of lung ultrasound during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (SP1) ◽  
pp. e64-e75
Author(s):  
Aly Youssef ◽  
Marta Cavalera ◽  
Carlotta Azzarone ◽  
Carla Serra ◽  
Elena Brunelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Pulmonary Infection ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rapid Learning ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a challenge to every health system. Unfortunately, it is unlikely that this pandemic will disappear soon. No health system, with its present resources and workflow, is capable enough to deal with a full-blown wave of this pandemic. Acquisition of specific new skills may be fundamental in delivering appropriate health care for our patients. The gold standard for diagnosis of the COVID-19 infection is real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Radiological investigations (chest X-ray or high-resolution computerized tomography [CT]) can be helpful both for diagnosis and management, but they have many limitations. Ultrasound has been suggested as a reliable and accurate tool for assessing the lungs in COVID-19 patients. Lung ultrasound (LUS) can show specific signs of inter-stitial pneumonia, which is characteristic of COVID-19 pulmonary infection. In addition, nonradiologist specialists with experience in ultrasound can be trained on LUS with a relatively rapid learning curve. In pregnancy, LUS can be particularly useful due to the avoidance of exposure to ionizing radiation. In this review, we present the advantages, techniques, and limitations of the use of LUS during the COVID-19 pandemic, with specific focus on pregnancy.

AN EPIDEMIOLOGY-CLINICAL CORRELATION OF VIRAL LOAD AS MEASURED BY CYCLE THRESHOLD VALUE BY RT-PCR IN COVID-1

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Atrikumar P. Patel ◽  
Palak Shah ◽  
Pavan Acharya ◽  
Monila N. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Clinical Correlation ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Oropharyngeal Swab ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The 2019 novel coronavirus [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)] was rst documented in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and spread across the globe resulting in [1]. signicant global morbidity and mortality Diagnosis of COVID-19 is mainly done by nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab RT-PCR (Reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction). Real time RT-PCR is of great interest today for detection of SARS- CoV-2 due to its benets as a specic assay.

Genetic Heterogeneity in MALT Lymphoma.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 355-355
Author(s):  
Berthold Streubel ◽  
Markus Raderer ◽  
Andreas Chott
Keyword(s):  
Malt Lymphoma ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Inverse Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Conventional Cytogenetics ◽  
Balanced Translocations ◽  
Genetic Rearrangements

Abstract Translocations t(11;18)/API2-MALT1, t(14;18)/IGH-MALT1, and t(1;14)/IGH-BCL10 are known to occur in MALT lymphoma and affect a common signalling mechanism, resulting in the constitutive activation of the NF-kB pathway. However, genetic rearrangements are unknown in the majority of MALT lymphoma. In the current study, we investigated the karyotypes of 28 MALT lymphoma of various anatomical sites. Conventional cytogenetics and FISH identified aberrations in 26/28 MALT lymphoma. Balanced translocations were found in 21 cases. IGH was rearranged in the majority of cases with balanced translocations (n=20/21); 1/21 case had novel t(6;7)(q25;q11). IGH partner genes involved MALT1, FOXP1, BCL6 and 4 new chromosomal regions on chromosome arms 1p, 1q, 5q, and 9p. Long-distance inverse polymerase chain reaction identified three novel partner genes on 1p (CNN3), 5q (ODZ2), and 9p (JMJD2C). FISH assays were established and confirmed LDI-PCR results. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR showed up-regulation of the novel genes in the translocation-positive cases. Immunohistochemistry for MALT1, BCL10, FOXP1, and NF-kB was performed in all cases and demonstrated that NF-kB and FOXP1 were not activated in the majority of the cases. Our study shows that MALT lymphoma are genetically heterogenous (at least 10 different translocations) and do not share NF-kB as unifying pathway.

scholarly journals Development of a Novel, Genome Subtraction-Derived, SARS-CoV-2-Specific COVID-19-nsp2 Real-Time RT-PCR Assay and Its Evaluation Using Clinical Specimens

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyril Chik-Yan Yip ◽  
Chi-Chun Ho ◽  
Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan ◽  
Kelvin Kai-Wang To ◽  
Helen Shuk-Ying Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The pandemic novel coronavirus infection, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), has affected at least 190 countries or territories, with 465,915 confirmed cases and 21,031 deaths. In a containment-based strategy, rapid, sensitive and specific testing is important in epidemiological control and clinical management. Using 96 SARS-CoV-2 and 104 non-SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus genomes and our in-house program, GolayMetaMiner, four specific regions longer than 50 nucleotides in the SARS-CoV-2 genome were identified. Primers were designed to target the longest and previously untargeted nsp2 region and optimized as a probe-free real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. The new COVID-19-nsp2 assay had a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.8 TCID50/mL and did not amplify other human-pathogenic coronaviruses and respiratory viruses. Assay reproducibility in terms of cycle threshold (Cp) values was satisfactory, with the total imprecision (% CV) values well below 5%. Evaluation of the new assay using 59 clinical specimens from 14 confirmed cases showed 100% concordance with our previously developed COVID-19-RdRp/Hel reference assay. A rapid, sensitive, SARS-CoV-2-specific real-time RT-PCR assay, COVID-19-nsp2, was developed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document