STRESS MEASUREMENT CAMPAIGN IN SCIENTIFIC DEEP BOREHOLES: FOCUS ON TOOL AND METHODS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Desroches ◽  
◽  
Emilie Peyret ◽  
Adriaan Gisolf ◽  
Ailsa Wilcox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Testing ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Seismic Surveys ◽  
Closure Stress ◽  
Deep Boreholes ◽  
Available Information ◽  
First Time

As part of the Sectoral Plan for Deep Geological Repositories, three candidate sites are currently examined by a focused geological exploration program in Northeastern Switzerland. The program involves 3D seismic surveys and drilling of at least two deep boreholes at each site. Stress testing is being undertaken with a wireline formation testing tool in each borehole (around 20 stress tests per borehole). Improvements in the toolstring were introduced step by step to sharpen the range of the stress estimates and enable 100% coverage of the desired lithological column. This is the first time that a single toolstring with three packers has been run to perform the complete combination of sleeve fracturing, hydraulic fracturing and sleeve reopening tests. A dedicated stress testing protocol was developed to ensure the most robust estimate of the stress in a large variety of formations. A detailed planning process has been developed to maximize the success rate and coverage of stress test stations, integrating all available information as it becomes available. A review of the techniques enabled by the new toolstring for estimating the closure stress from a stress test, especially in low-permeability formations, is presented, and detailed stress testing examples are provided. Preliminary comparison between the stress estimates for the first two boreholes in the campaign are shown.

Abstract 17369: Addressing Missed Opportunities for Cardiometabolic Primary Prevention of Veterans Referred for Stress Testing

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ysanne Johnson ◽  
Sheila M Mattei ◽  
Matthew Burg ◽  
Judith L Meadows
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Stress Testing ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Missed Opportunities ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Risk Reduction Strategies

Introduction: Patients presenting to stress testing have a high prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors (RF) which are not at guideline supported goals. Referral to stress testing is often a patient’s first presentation to CV care and represents a missed opportunity for delivery of risk reduction strategies. Hypothesis: Implementation of a cardiometabolic prevention initiative for cardiology-naïve patients referred to stress testing will result in improved delivery of guideline-directed prevention care. Methods: A consecutive prospective cohort of patients who underwent stress testing (12/1/2019-1/31/2020) after implementation of a linked cardiometabolic prevention referral for those with low risk stress tests was compared to a retrospective standard of care (SOC) cohort (9/1/2019-10/1/2019) from a single center Veterans Hospital. Outcomes assessed were change in CV risk reduction care at 90 days following stress test. Results: Of 181 patients, 62.5% were naïve to cardiology specialty care, had >1 CV risk factor not meeting guideline goals, 6% had typical angina as presenting symptoms, and greater than 70% of stress tests were normal or low risk. Baseline CV RF were common and failed to reach goals in SOC and intervention cohorts respectively with LDL above goal (40 vs. 33%), stage 1 or greater hypertension (67 vs 81%), Diabetes with HgA1c > 7 (48 vs. 21%), overweight or obese (68 vs. 79%), current tobacco (11 vs. 12%), and elevated mean 10-year ASCVD risk (32 vs.20%). At 90 days, 28% of SOC cohort had intensification of CV prevention care as compared to 76% of intervention cohort (X 2 26.8, p<0.05). Conclusions: A stress testing setting represents a valuable opportunity to deliver cardiometabolic prevention care. Integration of risk reduction strategies is imperative to shift from cardiac disease management to patient centered health promotion.

Τραπεζικά stress tests, χρηματοπιστωτική σταθερότητα και συστημικός κίνδυνος

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Κωνσταντίνος Μουτσιάνας
Keyword(s):  
Stress Testing ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Too Big To Fail

Η πρόσφατη χρηματοπιστωτική κρίση που μεταδόθηκε γρήγορα λόγω της έντονης διασύνδεσης των χρηματοπιστωτικών συστημάτων και έλαβε παγκόσμια χαρακτηριστικά, ανέδειξε την αναγκαιότητα για τη διαμόρφωση πολιτικών και στρατηγικών που θα θωρακίζουν τη χρηματοπιστωτική σταθερότητα, θα μειώνουν τον συστημικό κίνδυνο και θα διασφαλίζουν την ομαλή λειτουργία των χρηματοπιστωτικών συστημάτων. Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή άρχισε να διαμορφώνεται παράλληλα με το ξέσπασμα της κρίσης χρέους στην Ευρώπη και έχει ενσωματώσει –από ερευνητική σκοπιά- τα κορυφαία ζητήματα που αναδείχτηκαν στις χρηματοοικονομικές αγορές, διαμορφώνοντας έναν άξονα συνοχής με επίκαιρη επιστημονική θεματολογία: stress testing, “too big to fail” (TBTF) χρηματοπιστωτικά ιδρύματα, συστημικός κίνδυνος, Τρόικα, χρηματοπιστωτική σταθερότητα.Η διδακτορική διατριβή περιλαμβάνει δοκίμια τραπεζικής χρηματοοικονομικής και χρηματοπιστωτικής σταθερότητας. Η πρώτη εργασία τιτλοφορείται «Μεθοδολογία ασκήσεων προσομοίωσης ακραίων καταστάσεων (stress testing)» και περιλαμβάνει μια θεωρητική προσέγγιση που εστιάζει στην περιγραφή του σχετικού εννοιολογικού πλαισίου και της πολυεπίπεδης ανάπτυξης των σταδίων του stress test. Η δεύτερη εργασία έχει τίτλο «Ανάπτυξη και εφαρμογή ενός προγράμματος προσομοίωσης ακραίων καταστάσεων (stress test) στο ελληνικό τραπεζικό σύστημα». Η εμπειρική μελέτη του κεφαλαίου περιέχει την ανάπτυξη και εφαρμογή ενός μακροοικονομικού stress test για το ελληνικό τραπεζικό σύστημα. Ειδικότερα, αναπτύχθηκε ένα οικονομετρικό μοντέλο το οποίο εκτιμά τον πιστωτικό κίνδυνο στο ελληνικό τραπεζικό σύστημα λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τις επιπτώσεις των μακροοικονομικών συνθηκών. Ο τίτλος του τρίτου δοκιμίου είναι «Η επίδραση των αποτελεσμάτων των stress tests στις διεθνείς χρηματοοικονομικές αγορές» και εξετάζει την επίδραση των αποτελεσμάτων των stress tests στις διεθνείς χρηματοοικονομικές αγορές. Ο σκοπός του κεφαλαίου είναι να ερευνήσει σε ποιο βαθμό τα ευρωπαϊκά stress tests παρέχουν πληροφορίες στις χρηματοοικονομικές αγορές και τον τρόπο με τον οποίο οι χρηματοοικονομικές αγορές αντιδρούν στη συνολική διαδικασία της μεθοδολογίας προσομοίωσης ακραίων καταστάσεων, με έμφαση στην ανακοίνωση των αποτελεσμάτων. Το ενδιαφέρον ζήτημα των “too big to fail” χρηματοπιστωτικών ιδρυμάτων αναλύεται στο τέταρτο δοκίμιο εργασίας το οποίο έχει τίτλο «Χρηματοπιστωτική σταθερότητα, μεταβλητότητα κερδοφορίας και μέγεθος τραπεζών». Το δοκίμιο εξετάζει τη σχέση του μεγέθους των τραπεζικών ιδρυμάτων του Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου και της μεταβλητότητας της κερδοφορίας τους και περιλαμβάνει, επιπρόσθετα, μια συγκριτική ανάλυση των αποτελεσμάτων ανάμεσα στις εμπορικές και επενδυτικές τράπεζες. Τέλος, το πέμπτο δοκίμιο με τίτλο «Αξιολόγηση της επίδρασης των χρηματοδοτικών προγραμμάτων οικονομικής βοήθειας του μηχανισμού στήριξης “Tρόικα” στο συστημικό κίνδυνο των χρηματοπιστωτικών συστημάτων» περιλαμβάνει ένα εκτενές εννοιολογικό πλαίσιο για το συστημικό κίνδυνο και μια επισκόπηση των χρηματοδοτικών προγραμμάτων στήριξης (για την Ελλάδα, Ιρλανδία, Πορτογαλία, Ισπανία και Κύπρο). Στο εμπειρικό μέρος του δοκιμίου αξιολογείται η επίδραση της εφαρμογής των προγραμμάτων οικονομικής βοήθειας και οικονομικής προσαρμογής στο συστημικό κίνδυνο των χρηματοπιστωτικών συστημάτων των χωρών που συμμετείχαν στα εν λόγω προγράμματα.

scholarly journals Stress testing as complement to climate scenarios: recharge scenarios to quantify streamflow drought sensitivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 383 ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Michael Stoelzle ◽  
Maria Staudinger ◽  
Kerstin Stahl ◽  
Markus Weiler
Keyword(s):  
Stress Testing ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Ecological Integrity ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Drought Sensitivity ◽  
Dry Spells ◽  
Reference Simulation ◽  
Recovery Times

Abstract. Precipitation deficits and temperature anomalies are often the main cause for low flows and summer streamflow droughts. However, where groundwater is the main contribution to sustain water availability and ecological integrity during dry spells, the role of recharge and catchment storage is crucial to understand streamflow drought sensitivity. Here we introduce recharge stress tests as complement to climate scenarios to characterize and quantify the streamflow drought sensitivities of catchments. The stress tests are presented by applying them to six headwater catchments in Switzerland with various catchment and streamflow characteristics. The stress tests drive the bucket-type hydrological model HBV in a framework, in which pre-drought recharge conditions can be decreased to test how catchments respond to and recover from drought. We identified an upper limit of stress test durations around 12 months as indicator of maximum recharge- and storage-memory for the study catchments. Varying response on stress testing across the catchments suggests different storage properties and thus different recovery times from drought. From the stress test simulations, we found up to 200 d longer summer streamflow droughts with additional streamflow deficits which account for up to 40 d of median flow. Using a worst-case pre-drought recharge in stress test simulation leads to minimum flow reductions of 50 %–80 % compared with the reference simulation. Based on the results we conclude with recommendations for further stress test research in drought hydrology.

Stress Testing and Bank Efficiency

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iftekhar Hasan ◽  
Fotios Pasiouras
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Stress Testing ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Allocative Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Bank Efficiency ◽  
European Banks

This study examines whether and how the stress testing of European banks in 2010, 2011, and 2014 is related to their technical, allocative, and cost efficiency. Using a sample of large commercial banks operating in 20 European countries, and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), the authors perform comparisons between banks that were included in one of the three European stress tests and untested banks operating in the same countries. They estimate various specifications as for the inputs and outputs, cross-section and pooled estimations, and they also examine alternative samples as for the ownership of banks. In general, the authors conclude that banks included in the stress-test exercises are more efficient that their counterparties. The differences tend to be statistically significant in the case of allocative efficiency and cost efficiency, but not in the case of technical efficiency. With regards to the latter form of efficiency, the results depend upon the specification and the stress test in question.

scholarly journals Provocative biomarker stress test: stress-delta N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide

Open Heart ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. e000847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander T Limkakeng Jr ◽  
J Clancy Leahy ◽  
S Michelle Griffin ◽  
Yuliya Lokhnygina ◽  
Elias Jaffa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Myocardial Ischaemia ◽  
Stress Testing ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Test Characteristics ◽  
Post Stress

ObjectiveStress testing is commonly performed in emergency department (ED) patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We hypothesised that changes in N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentrations from baseline to post-stress testing (stress-delta values) differentiate patients with ischaemic stress tests from controls.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled 320 adult patients with suspected ACS in an ED-based observation unit who were undergoing exercise stress echocardiography. We measured plasma NT-proBNP concentrations at baseline and at 2 and 4  hours post-stress and compared stress-delta NT-proBNP between patients with abnormal stress tests versus controls using non-parametric statistics (Wilcoxon test) due to skew. We calculated the diagnostic test characteristics of stress-delta NT-proBNP for myocardial ischaemia on imaging.ResultsAmong 320 participants, the median age was 51 (IQR 44–59) years, 147 (45.9%) were men, and 122 (38.1%) were African–American. Twenty-six (8.1%) had myocardial ischaemia. Static and stress-deltas NT-proBNP differed at all time points between groups. The median stress-deltas at 2  hours were 10.4 (IQR 6.0–51.7) ng/L vs 1.7 (IQR −0.4 to 8.7) ng/L, and at 4  hours were 14.8 (IQR 5.0–22.3) ng/L vs 1.0 (−2.0 to 10.3) ng/L for patients with ischaemia versus those without. Areas under the receiver operating curves were 0.716 and 0.719 for 2-hour and 4-hour stress-deltas, respectively. After adjusting for baseline NT-proBNP levels, the 4-hour stress-delta NT-proBNP remained significantly different between the groups (p=0.009).ConclusionAmong patients with ischaemic stress tests, static and 4-hour stress-delta NT-proBNP values were significantly higher. Further study is needed to determine if stress-delta NT-proBNP is a useful adjunct to stress testing.

scholarly journals Testy warunków skrajnych jako element oceny bezpieczeństwa sektora bankowego

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-194
Author(s):  
Marcin Mikołajczyk
Keyword(s):  
Stress Testing ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Test Methodology ◽  
The Stability

The article presents the latest approach to stress tests applied by the EuropeanBanking Authority and national supervisory authorities, including methodology,scenarios, key assumptions and results of a study. The results of stress testsindicate that the banking sector in Poland is in good condition as banks showedhigher level of capital adequacy than most of the banks from the European Union,reflecting the stability of the banking sector. Stress test methodology used by theEuropean Central Bank is also contained in the paper. The role of stress tests asan instrument for enhancing the stability of financial institutions and the needfor further work on stress testing are also discussed.

scholarly journals Malta

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (350) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Euro Area ◽  
Stress Testing ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
European Banking Authority ◽  
European Banking ◽  
Shed Light

The Malta FSAP stress testing exercise took place immediately following the IMF’s 2018 Euro Area FSAP and concurrently with the 2018 stress test of the European Banking Authority (EBA). A comprehensive set of stress tests and interconnectedness analyses were conducted to assess the resilience of Malta’s financial system and shed light on potential vulnerabilities, complementing the euro area FSAP and EBA exercises by tailoring the scope and depth to the Maltese financial system. The solvency stress test covered 11 banks representing 93 percent of the banking sector assets (excluding foreign branches) and diverse business models.

scholarly journals Bank Stress Testing: A Stochastic Simulation Framework to Assess Banks’ Financial Fragility

Risks ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Montesi ◽  
Giovanni Papiro
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Simulation ◽  
Stress Testing ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Financial Fragility ◽  
Forecasting Model ◽  
Probability Of Default ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Simulation Framework ◽  
Test Exercise

We present a stochastic simulation forecasting model for stress testing that is aimed at assessing banks’ capital adequacy, financial fragility, and probability of default. The paper provides a theoretical presentation of the methodology and the essential features of the forecasting model on which it is based. Also, for illustrative purposes and to show in practical terms how to apply the methodology and the types of outcomes and analysis that can be obtained, we report the results of an empirical application of the methodology proposed to the Global Systemically Important Banks (G-SIB) banks. The results of the stress test exercise are compared with the results of the supervisory stress tests performed in 2014 by the Federal Reserve and EBA/ECB.

Study on Hydraulic Fracturing Method for In Situ Stress Measurement in Deep Boreholes

2015 ◽  
Vol 741 ◽  
pp. 567-571
Author(s):  
Yan Xin Zhang ◽  
Chang Sheng Song ◽  
Jian Hui Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Stress Field ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
In Situ Stress ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Pressure Time ◽  
Deep Boreholes ◽  
In Situ Stress Field

Information of in situ stress field is crucial for predicting the response of rock masses to the disturbance associated with underground constructions. Hydraulic fracturing is an efficient method for determining the stress field and is suitable at the early stages of projects when no underground access exists. For this, a series of new improved techniques and equipments are developed for the deep boreholes to increase the reliability of system. For a better understanding of the stress test, the ideal HF pressure-time curve is given and the fracturing procedure is analyzed. Based on the theory of HF stress calculation, two implicit inequations are deduced.

Abstract 70: Exercise Stress Testing Modality after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention - Choice of Modality and Implications for Resource Use: Retrospective Analysis using the NCDR®

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome Federspiel ◽  
Daniel W Mudrick ◽  
Bimal R Shah ◽  
Sally C Stearns ◽  
Frederick A Masoudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Stress Testing ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Exercise Stress Testing ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Stress Imaging ◽  
Exercise Tests

OBJECTIVES: Exercise stress testing is frequently performed post PCI, but the choices amongst the modalities available (ECG-only, nuclear, or echocardiography) and consequences of such choices are not well characterized. We evaluated temporal trends and geographic variation in the choice of exercise testing modality post PCI, as well as associations between modality choice and procedure use after testing. METHODS: CathPCI Registry® data were linked with identifiable Medicare claims to capture stress testing use between 60 and 365 days after PCI and procedures within 90 days after testing. Testing rates and modality used were modeled based on patient, procedure, and PCI facility factors, calendar quarter, and Census Divisions using Poisson and logistic regression. Post stress test/procedure use was assessed using Gray's test. RESULTS: In 286,099 patients, the overall stress testing rate after PCI was 53.1 per 100 person-years. The rate declined from 59.5 in Q1 2006 to 47.2 in Q4 2008 (p<0.001), but the proportion of all stress tests performed with exercise and the proportion of all exercise tests performed with each modality changed little. After statistical adjustment, the proportion of exercise test recipients receiving ECG-only testing (vs. any stress imaging) varied from 8.7%-21.1% across divisions (p<0.001). Among exercise stress imaging recipients, the proportion receiving echocardiography (vs. nuclear) varied from 9.1%-31.2% across divisions (p<0.001). Rates of post-test procedure use varied among modalities; exercise ECG-only testing was associated with more subsequent stress testing (14.6% vs. 1.9%; p<0.001), but less catheterization (8.4% vs. 15.3%; p<0.001) than imaging-based tests. CONCLUSIONS: Modest reductions in stress testing after PCI occurring between 2006 and 2008 cannot be ascribed to trends in use of any single modality. Additional research should assess whether this trend represents better patient selection for testing or administrative policies (e.g., restricted access for patients with legitimate testing needs). Geographic variation in utilization of exercise stress modalities and differences in downstream procedure use among modalities suggest a need to identify optimal use of the different test modalities.

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