scholarly journals ‘Reflections on Italy’s contemporary approaches to cultural diversity: The exclusion of the ‘Other’ from a supposed notion of ‘Italianness’

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Armillei
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
Italian Society ◽  
The Other ◽  
Strong Sense ◽  
Immigration Policies ◽  
The Many

For many years Italy has been described as a country of emigration. Only since the 1970s Italy has moved from being a net exporter of migrants to a net importer. Despite growing cultural and religious diversity, the implications of the pluralisation of the Italian society on national identity have been largely ignored. Italy has been recently described as a country without an established model of integration or pluralism.1 The so called ‘Italian way’ towards cultural diversity remained predominantly theoretical in character and not supported officially, in the sense of being incorporated into the nation’s history (as it is in Canada or Australia). The rise of ‘ethnonationalism’ and legacies of past colonialism contributed to create an institutional notion of supposed ‘Italianness’, which is based on the exclusion of the ‘Other’. During the Liberal and Fascist periods, colonialism was used to create and re-produce a strong sense of nationhood, re-composing the many internal divisions by racialising ‘otherness’ outside rather than inside the nation’s borders. This study suggests that, due to historical amnesia and a weak national identity, a similar logic is now informing the implementation of anti-immigration policies in Italy.

Remaking national identity: Postcolonial discourses at the intersection of gender and race in Tutto può succedere

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-338
Author(s):  
Eleonora Sammartino
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Italian Society ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Translation ◽  
Gender And Race ◽  
Italian Context ◽  
Interracial Relationship

In the context of global migrations, ‘new Italians’ have emerged in a group of mainstream TV series, among which Tutto può succedere (‘Anything can happen’) (RAI 1, 2015–18) stands out as the remake of the American Parenthood. This article argues that this process of cultural translation reveals tensions over the negotiation of national identity in Italian society, due to recent migrations and the submerged colonial past. Through the adoption of an intersectional approach, the analysis of the interracial relationship between Feven, an Eritrean-born woman, and Carlo will highlight that the postracial discourses underlying Parenthood are superseded by postcolonial ones in the remake. I demonstrate that the Othering of Feven through sexualization and exoticization exposes the persistence of colonial stereotypes. However, the displacement of race onto gender preoccupations through the prism of postfeminism highlights the attempted ‘normalization’ of the Other, further engaging with the specificities of the Italian context through its association with religion.

Philosophies of Difference and Religious Diversity

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 219-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Murray Hofmeyr
Keyword(s):  
Religious Diversity ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
The Other ◽  
Creative Space ◽  
The Many ◽  
The One ◽  
The Way

AbstractThe so-called postmodern era is charactherised by attempts to formulate a new concept of difference. These attempts belong within the discourse of Nihilism. Nothingness is usually see as the negation of the one and only. But it can also refer to the one's transformation into many others. The way into nothingness then no longer falls into an abyss, but becomes the way into multiplicity without unity. Preliminary meaning replaces ultimate meaning. Difference is the many without unity. But the many are also one, many times one. Multiplicity does not equal chaos, the fertile mythological chaos that cannot be repeated. But the between-us can become a creative space in which we weave Lyotard's patchwork of minorities. This in-betweenity is the precondition for respect for the other, which is more than tolerance. Against this theoretical background, and in view of some insights from intercultural plailosophy, the following issues are investigated: the equality of religions, universalism and relativism, and inter-religious dialogues.

scholarly journals BUDAYA SPIRITUAL ALIRAN KEJAWEN “PRASETYO MANUNGGAL KARSO” SEBAGAI WUJUD PLURALISME KEPERCAYAAN MASYARAKAT DI BOYOLALI

Penamas ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 555
Author(s):  
Alan Sigit Fibrianto
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
Cultural Reproduction ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Entire Universe ◽  
The Many ◽  
Descriptive Method

Prasetyo Manunggal Karso is one of the many beliefs of kejawen in Java. Prasetyo Manunggal Karso is a community that teaches kejawen flow and is located in Sub-District Banyudono, Boyolali Regency. Like Kejawen faith trust in general, Prasetyo Manunggal Karso has some grip itself in his teachings as a means to get closer to the God is the creator of the entire universe. In this paper, seeks to explain the intricacies of the teachings of the beliefs of Kejawen Prasetyo Manunggal Karso, some of them concerning, their background and history, the scriptures used, the principal teachings, the way of worship, the instruments used in rituals, and ways of spreading the teachings. In addition, the researchers also tried to analyze the findings with the perspective of the theory of habitus and cultural reproduction of the sociologist, Pierre Bourdieu. This paper aims to examine the cultural practices of the genus of Kejawen Prasetyo Manunggal Karso, using qualitative descriptive method, with key informant Mr. Toto Soeharto as the founder of the kejawen community of Prasetyo Manunggal Karso in Boyolali. The result show that the presence of Kejawen–Prasetyo Manunggal Karso is a form of wealth of Indonesian characteristic, a portrait of religious diversity, as well as a distinctive style of Javanese spiritual culture as part of the Indonesian national identity.

Tolerance is theoretical and practical principles

1996 ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Mykhailo Babiy
Keyword(s):  
Religious Diversity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nodal Points ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
The One ◽  
Ukrainian Society

Political ideological pluralism, religious diversity are characteristic features of modern Ukrainian society. On the one hand, multiculturalism, socio-political, religious differentiation of the latter appear as important characteristics of its democracy, as a practical expression of freedom, on the other - as a factor that led to the deconsocialization of society, gave rise to "nodal points" of tension, confrontational processes, in particular, in political and religious spheres.

Finding the Rights Questions about Religious Diversity

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-87
Author(s):  
Rita M. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Religious Diversity ◽  
Spiritual Disciplines ◽  
The Other

This article argues that all current theologies of religion share the presupposition that differences among religions are a problem, even a mistake, and that unity or agreement would be preferable to difference and religious diversity. But theologians of religion need to start at the other end of the puzzle, conceding from the get-go that religious diversity is here to stay, is inevitable, normal, natural, and, therefore, not the major problem or issue. The important questions are not about them, the others who are different from us, but about us. Why do we dislike diversity so much? Why does it make us so uncomfortable? Why does difference so frequently elicit the response of ranking the different options hierarchically? And, most important of all, how can we cure our own discomfort with diversity? The article also suggests that we need to practice the spiritual disciplines that help us overcome our egocentric preferences for a world in which everyone else would be just like us and can, instead, live comfortable in a world that accommodates vast differences.

AFRICAN WOMEN AND FORBIDDEN GROUNDS: FEMALE SEXUALITY AND SELF-DETERMINATION IN AFRICAN LITERATURE

Imbizo ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-54
Author(s):  
Oyeh O. Otu
Keyword(s):  
Female Sexuality ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
African Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
African Women ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Many ◽  
The One ◽  
Sexual Repression

This article examines how female conditioning and sexual repression affect the woman’s sense of self, womanhood, identity and her place in society. It argues that the woman’s body is at the core of the many sites of gender struggles/ politics. Accordingly, the woman’s body must be decolonised for her to attain true emancipation. On the one hand, this study identifies the grave consequences of sexual repression, how it robs women of their freedom to choose whom to love or marry, the freedom to seek legal redress against sexual abuse and terror, and how it hinders their quest for self-determination. On the other hand, it underscores the need to give women sexual freedom that must be respected and enforced by law for the overall good of society.

Multicultural and Transnational Novels

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Meffan
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
The Other ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Return Home ◽  
Access Rights ◽  
The One

This chapter discusses the history of multicultural and transnational novels in New Zealand. A novel set in New Zealand will have to deal with questions about cultural access rights on the one hand and cultural coverage on the other. The term ‘transnational novel’ gains its relevance from questions about cultural and national identity, questions that have particularly exercised nations formed from colonial history. The chapter considers novels that demonstrate and respond to perceived deficiencies in wider discourses of cultural and national identity by way of comparison between New Zealand and somewhere else. These include Amelia Batistich's Another Mountain, Another Song (1981), Albert Wendt's Sons for the Return Home (1973) and Black Rainbow (1992), James McNeish's Penelope's Island (1990), Stephanie Johnson's The Heart's Wild Surf (2003), and Lloyd Jones's Mister Pip (2006).

The development of body and organ shape

BMC Zoology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ansa E. Cobham ◽  
Christen K. Mirth
Keyword(s):  
Relative Position ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Geometric Features ◽  
Main Text ◽  
Size Characterization ◽  
Organ Shape ◽  
The Many

Abstract Background Organisms show an incredibly diverse array of body and organ shapes that are both unique to their taxon and important for adapting to their environment. Achieving these specific shapes involves coordinating the many processes that transform single cells into complex organs, and regulating their growth so that they can function within a fully-formed body. Main text Conceptually, body and organ shape can be separated in two categories, although in practice these categories need not be mutually exclusive. Body shape results from the extent to which organs, or parts of organs, grow relative to each other. The patterns of relative organ size are characterized using allometry. Organ shape, on the other hand, is defined as the geometric features of an organ’s component parts excluding its size. Characterization of organ shape is frequently described by the relative position of homologous features, known as landmarks, distributed throughout the organ. These descriptions fall into the domain of geometric morphometrics. Conclusion In this review, we discuss the methods of characterizing body and organ shape, the developmental programs thought to underlie each, highlight when and how the mechanisms regulating body and organ shape might overlap, and provide our perspective on future avenues of research.

scholarly journals The Limits of Arbitration Law in Addressing Cultural Diversity: The Example of Ismaili Arbitration in the United Kingdom

Laws ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Sandrine Brachotte
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Legal Pluralism ◽  
The Other ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Arbitration Clause ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Employment Equality

This article studies religious arbitration from the perspective of global legal pluralism, which embraces both normative plurality and cultural diversity. In this context, the article considers that UK arbitration law regulates both commercial and religious arbitration while relying on a monist conception of arbitration. It further identifies two intertwined issues regarding cultural diversity, which find their source in this monist conception. Firstly, through the study of Jivraj v. Hashwani ([2011] UKSC 40), this article shows that the governance of religious arbitration may generate a conflict between arbitration law and equality law, the avoidance of which can require sacrificing the objectives of one or the other branch of law. The Jivraj case concerned an Ismaili arbitration clause, requiring that all arbitrators be Ismaili—a clause valid under arbitration law but potentially not under employment-equality law. To avoid such conflict, the Supreme Court reduced the scope of employment-equality law, thereby excluding self-employed persons. Secondly, based on cultural studies of law, this article shows that the conception of arbitration underlying UK arbitration law is ill-suited to make sense of Ismaili arbitration. In view of these two issues, this article argues that UK arbitration law acknowledges normative multiplicity but fails to embrace the cultural diversity entangled therewith.

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