scholarly journals The effect of vertical gardens on temperature and CO2 levels in urban housing

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-408
Author(s):  
Agung Murti Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Average Decrease ◽  
Spinach Plant ◽  
Co2 Levels ◽  
Cat’S Whiskers

The city's thermal environment plays an important role in achieving comfort and quality of life, especially during the current global pandemic. Meanwhile, reduction in the green areas has been observed to be continuously causing climate change in cities and one of the proposed solutions to this is by developing a greening system for buildings. This paper, therefore, assessed the ability of vertical garden to decrease air and surface temperatures as well as CO2 levels. The research involved field measurements of these parameters both inside and outside the building along with the modification of the vertical garden distance at 0.5 m and 1 m as well as the plant type including red spinach or amaranthus hybridus, mustard or brassica juncea, celery or apium graveolens linn, and cat's whiskers or orthosiphon spicatus. The results showed an average decrease of 0.75°C in air temperature, 16.4ºC in surface temperature, and 58.8 ppm in CO2 levels. Moreover, a maximum reduction of 6ºC was achieved in air temperature with red spinach plants at 0.5 m, 26.3ºC in surface temperature by the Rred spinach plant, and 124 ppm in CO2 levels by celery plants. In conclusion, a closer distance and darker color of the leaves as well as the red spinach species were found to be the main consideration in the application of vertical gardens in urban homes due to their ability to reduce the temperature on the limited land. © 2020 Agung Murti Nugroho

Study on Urban Thermal Environment based on Diurnal Temperature Range

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Guo ◽  
Miaomiao Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Diurnal Range ◽  
Urban Thermal Environment

<p>Diurnal temperature range (includes land surface temperature diurnal range and near surface air temperature diurnal range) is an important meteorological parameter, which is a very important factor in the field of the urban thermal environmental. Nowadays, the research of urban thermal environment mainly focused on surface heat island and canopy heat island.</p><p>Based on analysis of the current status of city thermal environment. Firstly, a method was proposed to obtain near surface air temperature diurnal range in this study, difference of land surface temperature between day and night were introduced into the improved temperature vegetation index feature space based on remote sensing data. Secondly, compared with the district administrative division, we analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the diurnal range of land surface temperature and near surface air temperature.</p><p>The conclusions of this study are as follows:</p><p>1 During 2003-2012s, the land surface temperature and near surface air temperature diurnal range of Beijing were fluctuating upward. The rising trend of the near surface air temperature diurnal range was more significant than land surface temperature diurnal range. In addition, the rise and decline of land surface temperature and near surface air temperature diurnal range in different districts were different. In the six city districts, the land surface temperature and near surface air temperature diurnal range in the six areas of the city were mainly downward. The decline trend of near surface air temperature diurnal range was more significant than land surface temperature diurnal range.</p><p>2 During 2003-2012s, the land surface temperature and near surface air temperature diurnal range of Beijing with similar characteristics in spatial distribution, with higher distribution land surface temperature and near surface air temperature diurnal range in urban area and with lower distribution of land surface temperature and near surface air temperature diurnal range in the Northwest Mountainous area and the area of Miyun reservoir.</p>

Research on Correlation between Surface Temperature and Nearby Air Temperature of the Underlay

2012 ◽  
Vol 209-211 ◽  
pp. 210-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Yuan ◽  
Qiong Li ◽  
Qing Lin Meng
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Wave Radiation ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Island Effect ◽  
Long Wave ◽  
Environment Temperature ◽  
Atmosphere Environment

In the research on urban climate, “heat island effect” is the key point, which directly affects the buildings of city, the traffic, and people's daily life.[1]One important performance of the "heat island effect" is that the bottom atmosphere environment temperature is high, especially the air temperature near the underlay surface, namely air temperature 1.5m high. In the thermal environment which influences people's living and working, air temperature 1.5m high is the most important and direct. [2] It rises mainly by the absorption of the long wave radiation reflected by the underlay surface. So the type of underlay has a very important influence to the air temperature 1.5m high. The underlay surface temperature and the air temperature 1.5m high have a certain grade correlation. This paper is written for the research on the correlation.

scholarly journals Field Measurements and Satellite Remote Sensing of Daily Soil Surface Temperature Variations in the Lower Colorado Desert of California

Climate ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Coppernoll-Houston ◽  
Christopher Potter
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Population Biology ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Ecosystem Change ◽  
Colorado Desert ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Landsat Satellite

The purpose of this study was to better understand the relationships between diurnal variations of air temperature measured hourly at the soil surface, compared with the thermal infra-red (TIR) emission properties of soil surfaces located in the Lower Colorado Desert of California, eastern Riverside County. Fifty air temperature loggers were deployed in January of 2017 on wooden stakes that were driven into the sandy or rocky desert soils at both Ford Dry Lake and the southern McCoy Mountains wash. The land surface temperature (LST) derived from Landsat satellite images was compared to measured air temperatures at 1 m and at the soil surface on 14 separate dates, until mid-September, 2017. Results showed that it is feasible to derive estimated temperatures at the soil surface from hourly air temperatures, recorded at 1 m above the surface (ambient). The study further correlated Landsat LST closely with site measurements of air and surface temperatures in these solar energy development zones of southern California, allowing inter-conversion with ground-based measurements for use in ecosystem change and animal population biology studies.

Field Measurement on the Thermal Environment of Greenway in Guangzhou

2013 ◽  
Vol 368-370 ◽  
pp. 666-669
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
Li Hua Zhao ◽  
Rao Chao Chen ◽  
Xiao Qing Zhou ◽  
Li Wei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Field Measurement ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Design Methods

To study the thermal environment of the greenway in Guangzhou, a field measurement was taken and a series parameters were measured such as air temperature, relative humidity (RH), the surface temperature of the underlying and the WBGT. The measurement studied the effect of grass, shrub, arbor and water to the different underlying pattern which were water permeable brick (WP brick), cement, asphalt and tile and discussed the design methods of the greenway thermal environment.

Research on the Method of Working-Out near Ground Air Temperature Based on Low Altitude Remote Sensing Aerial Data

2012 ◽  
Vol 598 ◽  
pp. 215-219
Author(s):  
Xu Yuan ◽  
Qing Lin Meng
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Brightness Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Object Surface ◽  
Low Altitude ◽  
Urban Thermal Environment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Working Out

In the thermal environment which influences people's life, air temperature 1.5m high is the most important and direct. Through remote sensing we can quickly get the object surface temperature. But the air temperature can’t be got through it directly. [1]If we can excogitate the method of working-out the air temperature 1.5m high from the altitude remote sensing aerial data, the relate research on the urban thermal environment will be convenient and efficient. This paper is written to research this method and analyze the feasibility by means of analysing the relationship between the radiation brightness temperature, the underlay surface temperature and the air temperature 1.5m high.

scholarly journals Urban Temperature Profiles and Land Cover Detection in the Jakarta Metropolitan Area using Remote Sensing

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Hasti Widyasamratri ◽  
Kazuyoshi Souma ◽  
Tadashi Suetsugi
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Land Cover Classification ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Cooling Period

This research aim to investigate the urban thermal environment profile and land cover classification  in the Jakarta Metropolitan Area (JMA) in 1989 and 2013. Thermal environment conducted by installing fix point ground measurement of air temperature and land surface temperature. The land cover classification was carried out  by using Landsat TM 5 and Landsat 7 ETM+ data sets. The diurnal variation of air temperature shows that Urban Heat Island (UHI) was occurring in urban and suburban JMA, which can be seen the slower cooling period in the urban area than suburban areas. Positive correlation between air temperature (Ta) and land surface temperature (Ts) on the brush (r2 = 0.78) and the asphalt surface (r2= 0.88) is clearly shown during the study. The rapid urbanization was detected during 1989 to 2013 where the urban sprawl is spread over to the whole area of JMA. Urban built up is the dominant of high increase due to years, while vegetation is decreasing.    

Internal Surface Temperatures Short-Term Measurement in the Selected Living Room with Fireplace

2014 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 560-563
Author(s):  
Radoslav Ponechal
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Living Room ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Temperature Level ◽  
External Wall ◽  
Heating Source ◽  
Term Field

Fireplaces are still popular and they are mostly used as a supplementary heating source. On the other hand, they bring back to interior some temperature disproportion. The article reports the results of short-term field measurements in two selected homes with dissonant fireplaces and with different level of thermal performance. The measurements investigated the increase and decrease of internal surface temperature on external wall during fireplace operation. It was found, that in a case of preheated interior with high air temperature level, there is a big difference in the dependence of surface temperature on air temperature for irradiated and non - irradiated surface of the external wall.

Study on Thermal Environment of Sports Field in Different Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 538-541
Author(s):  
Yong Qiang Xiao ◽  
Ying Xue Cao
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Artificial Turf ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Thermal Discomfort ◽  
Instrumental Measurement ◽  
Cooling Methods

Natural lawn and artificial turf, which have a great difference on practical function and thermal environment characteristics, are widely used in sports field. In order to obtain the quantitative differences on thermal environment in summer, instrumental measurement and questionnaires are used in this paper to investigate the thermal environmental characteristics of natural lawn and artificial turf, respectively. Meanwhile human thermal sensation in the two lawns was also evaluated. The results show that the foliar surface temperature and mean air temperature in artificial turf is significantly higher than that of natural lawn in early summer. Due to thermal discomfort and the potential hurt for athletes on artificial turf field, cooling methods such as sprinkle are recommended.

scholarly journals Effects of Roadside Trees and Road Orientation on Thermal Environment in a Tropical City

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheikh Ahmad Zaki ◽  
Hai Jian Toh ◽  
Fitri Yakub ◽  
Ahmad Shakir Mohd Saudi ◽  
Jorge Alfredo Ardila-Rey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Absolute Humidity ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
View Factor ◽  
Physiological Equivalent Temperature ◽  
Thermal Environments ◽  
Outdoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Tropical Cities

Emerging tropical cities are experiencing rapid population growth and development, which can greatly affect the thermal environments. The effects of roadside trees and road orientation on the outdoor thermal environment were investigated on four different roads in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Field measurements were conducted to assess outdoor thermal environments, where the selection of sites was based on different roadside tree morphological features and road orientations. Outdoor air temperature (Ta), relative humidity (RH), globe temperature (Tg), wind speed (WS), and wind direction (WD) were measured. Absolute humidity (AH) was estimated based on relative humidity and air temperature. Planting dense canopy trees with an average sky view factor (SVF) of 0.07 reduced the mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) by 35% and the physiological equivalent temperature (PET) by 25%. East–West (E–W) and Northwest–Southeast (NW–SE) oriented roads had high PET values of 41 °C and 43 °C, respectively. North–South (N–S) and Northeast–Southwest (NE–SW) orientated roads had lower PET values (37 °C), providing improved outdoor microclimate. Roadside trees provided greater cooling potential in E–W and NW–SE oriented roads. The findings are useful for urban road design in tropical cities in order to improve the outdoor thermal environment and pedestrian comfort.

scholarly journals Effect of the Silvopastoral System on the Thermal Comfort of Lambs in a Subtropical Climate: A Preliminary Study

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 790
Author(s):  
Frederico Márcio C. Vieira ◽  
Jaqueline Agnes Pilatti ◽  
Zilmara Maria Welfer Czekoski ◽  
Vinicius F. C. Fonsêca ◽  
Piotr Herbut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Heat Load ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Radiant Heat ◽  
Silvopastoral System ◽  
Hair Coat ◽  
Ground Surface Temperature ◽  
Preliminary Study

The silvopastoral system has the potential to alleviate the negative impacts of heat stress on livestock. Through a preliminary study, we assessed the thermal environment experienced by hair coat lambs, as well as the impacts on their bio-thermal and behavioural responses, when either kept in either the silvopastoral system, or exposed to full sun. Twelve hair coat lambs (Dorper × Santa Ines) were randomly assigned to a silvopastoral system or full sun exposure during the summer (from January to February 2017). Parameters, including air temperature, black globe temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and ground surface temperature, were measured daily for both thermal environments. From 14:00 to 16:00, lambs kept in silvopastoral areas experienced lower levels of air temperature, radiant heat load, and ground surface temperature. Consequently, they had a lower hair coat surface and lower body rectal temperatures. Lambs exposed to a shaded environment spent more time grazing and walking, and less time standing at rest. In conclusion, lambs kept in a silvopastoral system experienced lower levels of radiant heat load and ground surface temperature. In addition, the animals showed a reduced requirement for evaporative cooling and expressed behaviours that indicated a comfortable thermal environment.

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