scholarly journals Properties of the Rainbow multi-variant algorithm and its ability to resist various crypto-analysis methods and attack by outside channels

Radiotekhnika ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
D.V. Harmash
Keyword(s):  
Multilayer Structure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Electronic Signature ◽  
Mathematical Point ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Cryptographic Algorithm ◽  
Cryptographic Algorithms

This work presents the analysis of the essence and possibilities of protection of the Rainbow post-quantum cryptographic algorithm. The main properties of the Rainbow algorithm and the general essence of cryptographic encryption and electronic signature algorithms based on multivariate quadratic transformations are determined. The main provisions regarding the protocols are given. Analyses are given regarding the ability to protect the algorithm against various attacks. The vulnerability of the algorithm to attack by third-party channels is investigated. The general provisions of the algorithm are considered. The algorithm is presented and considered from a mathematical point of view, as well as the mathematical essence of cryptographic algorithms for encryption and electronic signature based on multivariate quadratic transformations. The application of various methods of cryptanalysis against cryptographic algorithm based on multivariate quadratic Rainbow transformations is studied. The method of decreasing rank against the Rainbow algorithm is analyzed. The method of cryptanalysis by attacking the Oil-Vinegar scheme and the method of cryptanalysis "minranku method" are investigated. The attack is studied using a multilayer structure.

scholarly journals Adopting General Rules to Regulate Writer with Traditional Justice in Organizing the E-Certification Body in Contemporary Iraqi Legislation

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 346-370
Author(s):  
Abdulbasit Jasim Mohammed ◽  
Sarah Husham Abdulhameed
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Electronic Documentation ◽  
Legislative Organization ◽  
Electronic Signature ◽  
Electronic Transactions ◽  
General Rules ◽  
Certification Body ◽  
Functional Point ◽  
Electronic Authentication

The legal and legal necessity in electronic and third-party legal transactions dictates, and keeps abreast of modern developments in this field, The Iraqi legislature, according to the Electronic Signature and Electronic Transactions Law No. (78) Of 2012, created the electronic authentication body, and set out the conditions for its establishment, scope of work, terms of reference and mechanisms for carrying out its activities, to be -from a functional point of view -an extension of the writer with traditional justice, organized under the provisions of the Notary Book Law No. (23) for the year 1998, However, the texts regulating the work of the first are not at the level of the legislative organization of the work of the second, which necessitates researching the extent of the success of the adaptation of the general rules regulating the writer with traditional justice, in completing the aspects of organizing the electronic documentation body in contemporary Iraqi legislation, to ensure the achievement of the goal for which this body was established , The study showed the possibility of adapting texts related to the substantive aspect, which do not contradict the default nature of the documentation side, and the impossibility of this with regard to the functional aspect, related to the nature and entity of each of them.

A Novel Simplified AES Algorithm for Lightweight Real-Time Applications: Testing and Discussion

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malik Qasaimeh ◽  
Raad S. Al-Qassas ◽  
Fida Mohammad ◽  
Shadi Aljawarneh
Keyword(s):  
Processing Time ◽  
Block Size ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Mathematical Proofs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Aes Algorithm ◽  
Cryptographic Algorithm ◽  
Cryptographic Algorithms ◽  
Compare And Contrast ◽  
Constrained Devices

Background: Lightweight cryptographic algorithms have been the focus of many researchers in the past few years. This has been inspired by the potential developments of lightweight constrained devices and their applications. These algorithms are intended to overcome the limitations of traditional cryptographic algorithms in terms of exaction time, complex computation and energy requirements. Methods: This paper proposes LAES, a lightweight and simplified cryptographic algorithm for constricted environments. It operates on GF(24), with a block size of 64 bits and a key size of 80-bit. While this simplified AES algorithm is impressive in terms of processing time and randomness levels. The fundamental architecture of LAES is expounded using mathematical proofs to compare and contrast it with a variant lightweight algorithm, PRESENT, in terms of efficiency and randomness level. Results: Three metrics were used for evaluating LAES according to the NIST cryptographic applications statistical test suite. The testing indicated competitive processing time and randomness level of LAES compared to PRESENT. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that LAES achieves comparable results to PRESENT in terms of randomness levels and generally outperform PRESENT in terms of processing time.

scholarly journals Contact interactions in complex fibrous metamaterials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Spagnuolo ◽  
Antonio M. Cazzani
Keyword(s):  
Strain Energy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Contact Interactions ◽  
Coupling Term ◽  
Dissipation Potential ◽  
Parallel Fibers ◽  
Mathematical Point

AbstractIn this work, an extension of the strain energy for fibrous metamaterials composed of two families of parallel fibers lying on parallel planes and joined by connective elements is proposed. The suggested extension concerns the possibility that the constituent fibers come into contact and eventually scroll one with respect to the other with consequent dissipation due to friction. The fibers interact with each other in at least three different ways: indirectly, through microstructural connections that could allow a relative sliding between the two families of fibers; directly, as the fibers of a family can touch each other and can scroll introducing dissipation. From a mathematical point of view, these effects are modeled first by introducing two placement fields for the two fiber families and adding a coupling term to the strain energy and secondly by adding two other terms that take into account the interdistance between the parallel fibers and the Rayleigh dissipation potential (to account for friction).

scholarly journals Creation of Technical Conditions for Use or Infringement – The Meanders of the Warehouse Keeper’s Liability in Light of CJEU Judgment C-567/18 Coty Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-282
Author(s):  
Krystyna Szczepanowska-Kozłowska
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Literal Meaning ◽  
Property Right ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Property Law ◽  
Industrial Property ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
The Law ◽  
Trademark Use

AbstractOne form of industrial property right infringement is stocking for the purpose of offering or marketing. This form of infringement appears both in EU legal acts on trademarks or designs, as well as in national regulations, including those concerning patents. What is specific to stocking when compared to other activities comprising the stipulated exclusivity of the holder of industrial property rights is the fact that the literal meaning of “stocking” does not explain whether the infringing party or the warehouse keeper is the entity that places the goods in storage. The structure of industrial property rights as absolute rights would theoretically permit the view that the law is violated by both the entity that accepts the goods for storage and the entity that places such goods in storage. To determine if there is an infringement, it must be established what the goods being stocked are further intended for. It is not without significance that the finding of an infringement of industrial property rights does not depend on fault or awareness. From the point of view of the industrial property law regime, it is difficult to find arguments against this understanding of infringement by stocking. Since the offeror of goods infringing industrial property rights may be held liable even if the goods have not yet been manufactured, it is conceivable that the entity accepting such goods for stocking is also liable. This interpretation of the concept of stocking would certainly correspond to the absolute nature of liability for infringement.In a recent judgment the CJEU confirmed that the warehouse keeper who, on behalf of a third party, stores goods which infringe trademark rights only creates the technical conditions for trademark use by this third party provided that the warehouse keeper is not aware of that infringement. The CJEU also confirmed that only the person who decides about the purpose of storing the goods can be treated as an infringer. However, the CJEU did not respond to the question regarding whether the warehouse keeper could be treated as an infringer if it pursues the aims of storing the goods at the request of the entity that put the goods into storage.

scholarly journals Reinsurance of Third Party Motor Insurance and Motor Insurance in Finland

1962 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teivo Pentikäinen
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Lump Sum ◽  
Legal Limits ◽  
Physical Injuries ◽  
Insurance Cover ◽  
Motor Insurance ◽  
Full Compensation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Risk Limits

The need and extent of reinsurance of third party motor insurance depends fundamentally on the risk limits prescribed in the legislation of the country in question (and on the other hand the legal limits of the compulsory insurance may have been fixed with regard to the reasonable possibilities of the insurers getting reinsurance). There are two kinds of risk limits which are applied in different countries: total limits and individual limits. The former defines the maximum joint indemnity for an accident, paid to all claiments together, and the latter defines the maximum indemnity paid to each claiment separately. From the social point of view limits of this sort are not expedient, especially in regard to physical injuries. Owing to this total limit the indemnity for a single claiment can depend on the number of other claiments, which is quite inadequate from the point of view of the actual need to get insurance cover for injuries. The individual lump sum limit allows full compensation for slight injuries but can cut down the compensation for serious ones, which is an irrational method of settling an indemnity system. Owing to these risk limits motor car drivers may also be held responsible for the extra claims personally on the basis of civil (or criminal) law, which compels them to take an extra third party liability insurance (which often also has risk limits).

scholarly journals Tax Law: Third Party As Payer of Income from Dependent Activity

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-161
Author(s):  
Jana Tepperová ◽  
Lucie Rytířová
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
Personal Income ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Personal Income Tax ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
International Regulations ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Specific Tax ◽  
Collection Point

Abstract Employment related income paid by a third party (non-employer) has its specific tax treatment. In the Czech Republic, a different approach applies for calculation of personal income tax and obligatory insurance contributions from this income. With the preparation of the Single Collection Point (unifying the collection of personal income tax and obligatory insurance contributions), the question arises whether it is possible to set up unified treatment of this income for all obligatory payments. We provide detailed analyses of this topic from the point of view of the Czech legislation and comparison with selected countries. Further we follow with the discussion of problematic issues in unified treatment for all obligatory payments from this income; such as discrimination and complicated administration. We conclude that even if the national legislation for all obligatory payments from this income would not diff er, there will still be different treatment due to specific international regulations.

scholarly journals Generalizations of the Lagrange mean value theorem and applications

Filomat ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miodrag Mateljevic ◽  
Marek Svetlik ◽  
Miloljub Albijanic ◽  
Nebojsa Savic
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Model ◽  
Arbitrary Function ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Neoclassical Economic ◽  
Mean Value Theorem ◽  
Mathematical Point ◽  
Economic Growth Model

In this paper we give a generalization of the Lagrange mean value theorem via lower and upper derivative, as well as appropriate criteria of monotonicity and convexity for arbitrary function f : (a, b) ( R. Some applications to the neoclassical economic growth model are given (from mathematical point of view).

S-matrix Theory

2020 ◽  
pp. 622-675
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Mussardo
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Theory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Integrable Models ◽  
Geometrical Interpretation ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Recursive Structure ◽  
Mathematical Point ◽  
S Matrix ◽  
Dynamical Principle

Chapter 17 discusses the S-matrix theory of two-dimensional integrable models. From a mathematical point of view, the two-dimensional nature of the systems and their integrability are the crucial features that lead to important simplifications of the formalism and its successful application. This chapter deals with the analytic theory of the S-matrix of the integrable models. A particular emphasis is put on the dynamical principle of bootstrap, which gives rise to a recursive structure of the amplitudes. It also covers several dynamical quantities, such as mass ratios or three-coupling constants, which have an elegant mathematic formulation that is also of easy geometrical interpretation.

Games of Chance: I. The Banker’s Clock

1933 ◽  
Vol 17 (226) ◽  
pp. 296-297
Author(s):  
S.T Shovelton
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Mathematical Point ◽  
Mathematical Probability ◽  
Games Of Chance ◽  
The Face

The game of Banker’s Clock provides an interesting question in mathematical probability In this game the banker turns up in sequence the first twelve cards of a well-shuffled ordinary pack of 52 cards. He backs himself to turn up at least one card of which the face value corresponds to its position in the sequence, an Ace ranking as one, a Jack as eleven and a Queen as twelve. The interest in the question from the mathematical point of view is in finding the probability that the event will happen.

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