ASSOCIATION OF INDOOR AIR POLLUTION AND OTHER RISK FACTORS WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS AMONG CHILDREN IN SHEKA ZONE, SOUTH WEST ETHIOPIA

Several factors affect the indoor air quality, among which ventilation, human occupancy, cleaning products, equipment and material; they might induce the presence of aerosols (or bioaerosols in the presence of biological components) nitrogen oxides, ozone, carbon monoxide and dioxide, volatile organic compounds, radon and microorganisms. Microbiological pollution involves hundreds of bacteria and fungi species that grow indoors under specific conditions of temperature and humidity. Exposure to microbial contaminants is clinically associated with allergies, asthma, immune responses and respiratory infections, such as Legionnaires Disease and Pontiac Feaver, which are due to contamination byLegionella pneumophila. Legionnaire's Disease has increased over the past decade, because of the use of central air conditioning. In places such as homes, kindergartens, nursing homes and hospitals, indoor air pollution affects population groups that are particularly vulnerable because of their health status or age, making indoor air pollution a public health issue of high importance. Therefore, the implementation of preventive measures, as the application of air filters, is fundamental. Currently, High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filters are the most used to capture microorganisms in ventilation, filtration and air conditioning systems; nevertheless, as they are not completely secure, new filters should be developed. This work aims to present how the efficiency of a textile nanostructure in a non-woven material based on synthetic textiles (high hydrophobic fibers) incorporating appropriate biocides to controlLegionella pneumophila, is going to be measured. These bioactive structures, to be used in ventilation systems, as well as in respiratory protective equipment, will reduce the growth of microorganisms in the air through bactericidal or bacteriostatic action. The filter nanostructure should have good air permeability, since it has to guarantee minimum flows of fresh air for air exchange as well as acceptable indoor air quality.

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Polusi Udara Kendaraan Bermotor Tidak Berpengaruh Terhadap Penyakit ISPA

JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN: Jurnal dan Aplikasi Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan ◽

10.31964/jkl.v16i1.157 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 697

Author(s):

Sri Neneng Sundari

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Community Health Centers ◽

Indoor Air Pollution ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Exhaust Emission ◽

Acute Respiratory Infections ◽

Vehicle Exhaust ◽

The Impact

Abstract: Motor Vehicle Pollution Doesn't Affect Against ISPA Disease. Air pollution is a problem that often occurs in the big cities, one of which is in the city of Bandung. Air pollution can cause various diseases from the most important ones namely respiratory, cardiovascular diseases, and to other diseases that attack certain organs. Based on the results of the study, air pollution from the transportation sector reached 60 percents, therefore this study will highlight the impact of motor vehicle air pollution on human’s health in Bandung, especially Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI), because the disease is the 2nd largest of the 20 biggest types of diseases in Community Health Centers / Puskesmas in Bandung. From several air pollutant parameters resulting from vehicle exhaust emissions, SO2 compounds were studied, because SO2 can cause irritation to the respiratory tract. This research using descriptive method, it can be concluded that air pollution caused by vehicle exhaust emission gas doesn’t directly affect the occurrence of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) in Bandung. The disease can occur due to other factors not examined in this paper, due to indoor air pollution, cigarette smoke pollution, industrial pollution or the continued use of synthetic chemicals.

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Indoor bacterial pollution, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and associated risk factors of bacterial isolates among residences of Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia

Indoor and Built Environment ◽

10.1177/1420326x20963377 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1420326X2096337

Author(s):

Gizeaddis Belay ◽

Baye Gelaw ◽

Abiye Tigabu ◽

R. P. Raju

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Indoor Air Pollution ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Bacillus Species ◽

Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽

Bacterial Pollution ◽

Gondar Town ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Background In Ethiopia, there is not enough information about indoor air bacterial pollution. Therefore, this study aimed to determine bacterial indoor air pollution and its associated risk factors among residences of Gondar town. Methods A cross-sectional survey of indoor air pollution was conducted on 259 selected houses from February to May 2019. Sociodemographic and housing characteristics were collected using a questionnaire and checklist. Passive settle plate method using blood culture media was employed to collect samples and identification of isolates done by both quantitative and qualitative analysis. Results A total of 259 houses were investigated, and 13 different types of bacterial species were isolated. Of these, Bacillus species 259 (100%) and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species 101 (34.4%), Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella species, Citrobacter diversus, Escherichia coli, and Pantoea species were isolates. Tetracycline and cotrimoxazole were ineffective, but ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone were efficient antibiotics. Educational status, presence of domestic animals within the house, and integrated toilets were significantly associated with indoor bacterial pollution ( p < 0.05). Conclusion Indoor air pollution was higher in this study than international quantification limit (5 colony-forming unit/4 h) of clean rooms. So, periodic surveillance of indoor air quality and assessing risk factors should be addressed to assess the burden and intervene accordingly.

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Epidemiological Distinctive Survey Of Children With Acute Respiratory Tract Infections In Some Selected Hospitals Of Katsina Metropolis, Nigeria

Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine ◽

10.51152/jbarbiomed.v6i2.126 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 120-123

Author(s):

Umar Shittu ◽

Idris Zainab-L ◽

Umma Sada ◽

Bashir Aliyu

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Significant Influence ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Indoor Air Pollution ◽

Age Group ◽

Acute Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Tract Infections

Acute respiratory tract infections (ARIs) in children under the age group of five (5) years are serious infections, which prevent the normal breathing function in the child's system. The infection usually begins as a viral infection in which it enters the child's system through the nose to the trachea (windpipe) and down to the lungs. This study aimed to identify the distinctive risk factors associated with the respiratory tract infection in which later it can lead the infection to become acute and find out the easy ways toward preventing the infections. The study was performed within the period of six (6) months during the rainy season between the periods of April to September using the human subjects under age group of five (5) years. The data analysis was done in the Bioconductor R package, statistics p-value with associated B-value were obtained from the distribution of the moderated t-statistic after the adjustment for multiple testing with a significance level of ((? 0.05) using LIMMA method. Pvclust method was also used to generate thousands of bootstrap samples by randomly sampling elements of the data and then compute graphic hierarchical clustering on each bootstrap copy. Distinctive risk factors of (ARTI) were identified, such as malnutrition (MNT), indoor air pollution (IAP), Crowdy and dirty environment (CDE), and parental education (PE) which shows significant influence on the infection. But indoor air pollution (IAP) with the highest level of significant influence to the infections. It is recommended that parents having children should be enlightened by the health personnel experts through different media communication channels and other channels in order to avoid leaving in dirty, crowdy and unventilated environment and to feed from recommended diets with their children.

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