scholarly journals Tear Resistance and Morphology Study of Tree Pruning Waste Papers: Effect of Soda Pulping Concentration

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Zheng Xun ◽  
◽  
Jiun Hor Low ◽  
Lim Joon Hoong ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Concentration ◽  
Morphology Study ◽  
Soda Pulping ◽  
Pulp Fibres ◽  
Tree Pruning ◽  
Tear Resistance

With the aim to explore the use of tree pruning waste as replacement material in papermaking, a study was conducted to investigate the effect of soda pulping concentration on the tear resistance and surface morphology of the fabricated papers. By varying the sodium hydroxide concentration from 5% to 25%, tree pruning waste papers with different tear resistance and surface morphology were fabricated. The tree pruning waste papers with the optimum tear resistance (73049.68 mN) was produced when the pulping medium was prepared at 20% sodium hydroxide concentration. As confirmed by the morphology study, the pulp fibres with improved interlocking surface morphology was produced at 20% sodium hydroxide concentration. Beyond that, fibre fibrillation had took place and exerted negative impact on the tear resistance of the papers. The present study confirms the use of tree pruning waste as an alternative in papermaking. Nonetheless, the soda pulping concentration must be properly regulated in order to maximize the performance of the fabricated paper products.

Study on the Chemical Modification Process of Jute Fiber

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-ming Wang ◽  
Zai-sheng Cai ◽  
Jian-yong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Sodium Silicate ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Jute Fiber ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Silicate Concentration ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Concentration ◽  
Liquor Ratio ◽  
Degumming Process ◽  
Selection Of

Degumming of pre-chlorite treated jute fiber was studied in this paper. The effects of sodium hydroxide concentration, treatment time, temperature, sodium silicate concentration, fiber-to-liquor ratio, penetrating agent TF-107B concentration, and degumming agent TF-125A concentration were the process conditions examined. With respect to gum decomposition, fineness and mechanical properties, sodium hydroxide concentration, sodium silicate concentration, and treatment time were found to be the most important parameters. An orthogonal L9(34) experiment designed to optimize the conditions for degumming resulted in the selection of the following procedure: sodium hydroxide of 12g/L, sodium silicate of 3g/L, TF-107B of 2g/L, TF-125A of 2g/L, treatment time of 105 min, temperature of 100°C and fiber to liquor ratio of 1:20. The effect of the above degumming process on the removal of impurities was also examined and the results showed that degumming was an effective method for removing impurities, especially hemicellulose.

scholarly journals Production of Microfibrillated Cellulose from Fast-Growing Poplar and Olive Tree Pruning by Physical Pretreatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6445
Author(s):  
David Ibarra ◽  
Raquel Martín-Sampedro ◽  
Bernd Wicklein ◽  
Úrsula Fillat ◽  
María E. Eugenio
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Microfibrillated Cellulose ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pfi Refining ◽  
Tree Pruning

Motivated by the negative impact of fossil fuel consumption on the environment, the need arises to produce materials and energy from renewable sources. Cellulose, the main biopolymer on Earth, plays a key role in this context, serving as a platform for the development of biofuels, chemicals and novel materials. Among the latter, micro- and nanocellulose have been receiving increasing attention in the last few years. Their many attractive properties, i.e., thermal stability, high mechanical resistance, barrier properties, lightweight, optical transparency and ease of chemical modification, allow their use in a wide range of applications, such as paper or polymer reinforcement, packaging, construction, membranes, bioplastics, bioengineering, optics and electronics. In view of the increasing demand for traditional wood pulp (e.g., obtained from eucalypt, birch, pine, spruce) for micro/nanocellulose production, dedicated crops and agricultural residues can be interesting as raw materials for this purpose. This work aims at achieving microfibrillated cellulose production from fast-growing poplar and olive tree pruning using physical pretreatment (PFI refining) before the microfibrillation stage. Both raw materials yielded microfibrillated cellulose with similar properties to that obtained from a commercial industrial eucalypt pulp, producing films with high mechanical properties and low wettability. According to these properties, different applications for cellulose microfibers suspensions and films are discussed.

scholarly journals Central Composite Design and Desirability of RSM for Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Mixture of Animal Waste Fat Oil and used Cooking Oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1565-1571
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Animal Waste ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Concentration ◽  
Used Cooking Oil ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Desirability Approach ◽  
Central Composite ◽  
Waste Fat

In this work, central composite design(CCD) and desirability approach of Response surface methodology (RSM) has been used for optimization of biodiesel yield produced from mixture of animal waste fat oil and used cooking oil (AWO) in the ratio of 1:1through alkaline transesterification process. In this work, methanol quantity, reaction time and sodium hydroxide concentration are selected as input parameters and yield selected as response. The combined effect of methanol quantity, reaction time and sodium hydroxide concentration were investigated and optimized by using RSM. The second order model is generated to predict yield as a function of methanol quantity, reaction time and sodium hydroxide concentration. A statistical model predicted the maximum yield of 96.9779% at 35ml methanol quantity (% v/v of oil), 75 min. reaction time and 0.6g (% wt./v of oil) of sodium hydroxide. Experimentally, the maximum yield of 97% was obtained at the above optimized input parameters. The variation of 0.02% was observed between experimental and predicted values. In this work, an attempt has also made to use desirability approach of RSM to optimize the input parameters to predict maximum yield. Desirability approach predicts maximum yield (97.075%) at CH3OH (35.832% vol. /vol. of oil), NaOH (0.604 % wt./vol. of oil) and reaction time (79.054min.) was found for the AWO.

Silicon surface morphology study after exposure to tailored femtosecond pulses

2006 ◽  
Vol 252 (20) ◽  
pp. 7449-7460 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Hommes ◽  
M. Miclea ◽  
R. Hergenröder
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Silicon Surface ◽  
Femtosecond Pulses ◽  
Morphology Study

scholarly journals Dynamic potential and surface morphology study of sertraline membrane sensors

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Khater ◽  
Y.M. Issa ◽  
H.B. Hassib ◽  
S.H. Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Morphology Study ◽  
Dynamic Potential

PEMBUATAN ZAT WARNA ALAMI DARI BIJI KESUMBA DALAM BENTUK KONSENTRAT TINGGI UNTUK PEWARNA MAKANAN

EKUILIBIUM ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paryanto Paryanto
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Bixa Orellana ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Natural Pigments ◽  
Maximum Absorbance

<p>Abstract: The use of synthetic dyes for food in Indonesia reached 88%. The synthetic dyes<br />have the negative impact for healthy. This study was conducted to determine how produce bixin<br />natural pigments from annatto seed by extraction process, how the optimum conditions and<br />their application. Bixin extraction from the seeds annatto using acetone (CH<br />3<br />) and<br />sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as solvent. The various of extraction were concentration, extraction<br />temperature, stirring speed and the ratio of material to solvent. The bixin analysis used UV-Vis<br />spectrophotometer at maximum absorbance and FTIR spectrophotometer to determine the<br />groups of bixin. The water content in the bixin seeds is 37%. The optimum conditions of the<br />extraction process of bixin seed is 0.25 N NaOH as solvent, 60<br />C, 400 rpm stirring speed and<br />weight of material to solvent ratio 1:20.<br />Keywords: Extraction, bixin, annatto, bixa orellana, sodium hydroxide<br />o<br />COCH<br />3</p>

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