KONSUMSI SIRIH PINANG DAN PATOLOGI GIGI PADA MASYARAKAT PRASEJARAH LEWOLEBA DAN LIANG BUA,  DI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR, INDONESIA

This paper focus on chewing betel quid habit that dominantly happen in the Asia to Pacific region. Betel quid leaves traces of reddish-brown colour on the teeth. It was identified that dental stain was very common on teeth of prehistoric skeletal remains, for example in Thailand and Vietnam. Several studies have shown that chewing betel nut can cause diseases in the teeth and oral cavity. The purpose of this study is to describe the relationship between betel nut chewing and the emergence of tooth pathology in teeth from the prehistoric population from Lewoleba and Liang Bua. Ten individuals were observed using the macroscopic method. The results showed that consumption of betel nut (based on dental stains) was followed by attrition, periodontitis and even antemortem tooth loss.

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Epidemiology of Oral Cavity Cancer in Taiwan with Emphasis on the Role of Betel Nut Chewing

ORL ◽

10.1159/000089214 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 67 (4) ◽

pp. 230-236 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Yaoh-Shiang Lin ◽

Yee-Min Jen ◽

Bill-B. Wang ◽

Jih-Chin Lee ◽

Bor-Hwang Kang

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Oral Cavity Cancer ◽

Betel Nut ◽

Betel Nut Chewing

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Epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in patients with oral cavity cancer in a betel nut chewing-prevalent area

Head & Neck ◽

10.1002/hed.21665 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 33 (12) ◽

pp. 1758-1764 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Chia-Hsun Hsieh ◽

John W. C. Chang ◽

Jia-Juan Hsieh ◽

Todd Hsu ◽

Shiu-Feng Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Epidermal Growth Factor ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Oral Cavity Cancer ◽

Growth Factor Receptor ◽

Betel Nut ◽

Epidermal Growth ◽

Betel Nut Chewing

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Incidence and Patterns of Second Primary Malignancies Following Oral Cavity Cancers in a Prevalent Area of Betel-nut Chewing: A Population-based Cohort of 26 166 Patients in Taiwan

Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1093/jjco/hyr152 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 41 (12) ◽

pp. 1336-1343 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

P.-T. Chen ◽

F.-C. Kuan ◽

C.-E. Huang ◽

M.-F. Chen ◽

S.-H. Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Population Based ◽

Second Primary ◽

Betel Nut ◽

Betel Nut Chewing ◽

Second Primary Malignancies ◽

Oral Cavity Cancers

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Tobacco Smoking and Association between Betel Nut Chewing and Meta-bolic Abnormalities among Military Males: The CHIEF Study

Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871530320999200818164616 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

Author(s):

Yen-Po Lin ◽

Kun-Zhe Tsai ◽

Chih-Yu Chang ◽

Fang-Ying Su ◽

Chih-Lu Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Tobacco Smoking ◽

Alcohol Intake ◽

International Diabetes Federation ◽

Betel Nut ◽

Serum Triglycerides ◽

Frequency Model ◽

Betel Nut Chewing ◽

The Relationship

Aim: To investigate the effect of smoking and alcohol intake on the association between betel nut chewing and each metabolic abnormality. Background: Betel nut chewing has been associated with metabolic syndrome. Objective: Whether the association is affected by tobacco or alcohol use is not clarified so far. Methods: We made a cross-sectional study using 6,657 military males, aged 18-50 years in eastern Taiwan in 2013-2014. Metabolic syn-drome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation ethnic criteria for Asians. The population was classified as non-betel nut chewers (N =5,749), current chewers with both tobacco and alcohol use (N =615), and current chewers without tobacco and/or alcohol use (N =293). Multiple logistic regressions analyses were stepwise adjusted for the confounders including alcohol and tobacco use to de-termine the associations of betel chewing with the metabolic abnormalities. Results: As compared with the non-current chewers, the current chewers with both tobacco/alcohol use and those without had higher risk of metabolic syndrome (odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals: 2.46 (2.00-3.02), and 2.04 (1.53-2.73), respectively) after controlling for age, service specialty, total cholesterol levels ≥200 mg/dL and exercise frequency (model 1). The association did not change much in the two chewing groups after additionally adjusting for alcohol consumption (model 2) (OR: 2.49 (1.99-3.12), and 2.04 (1.52-2.73), respective-ly), whereas the relationship reduced significantly in the chewers with both tobacco/alcohol use rather than those without after further ad-justing for smoking (model 3) (OR: 2.18 (1.71-2.78) and 2.02 (1.51-2.71), respectively). This was in parallel with the pattern for the associ-ation of betel nut chewing with serum triglycerides >150 mg/dL in the chewers with both tobacco/alcohol use and those without in model 1 (OR: 2.90 (2.40-3.51) and 1.90 (1.45-2.49), respectively, p =0.011), in model 2 (OR: 2.82 (2.30-3.46) and 1.89 (1.44-2.49), respectively, p =0.040), and in model 3 (2.26 (1.81-2.81) and 1.87 (1.42-2.45), respectively, p =0.76). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that tobacco smoking but not alcohol intake could increase the relationship of betel nut chewing with metabolic syndrome, which is likely mediated by a synergic effect on increasing serum triglycerides levels.

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A Positive Relationship between Betel Nut Chewing and Significant Liver Fibrosis in NAFLD Subjects, but Not in Non-NAFLD Ones

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13030914 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 914

Author(s):

Yu-Tsung Chou ◽

Chung-Hao Li ◽

Zih-Jie Sun ◽

Wei-Chen Shen ◽

Yi-Ching Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Liver Fibrosis ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Positive Relationship ◽

Betel Nut ◽

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Betel Nut Chewing ◽

Significant Liver Fibrosis

Background: Betel nut chewing is associated with oral cancer, cardiovascular disease, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to explore the association of betel nut chewing with liver fibrosis in subjects with and without nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Method: A total of 5967 subjects were enrolled. NAFLD was diagnosed with ultrasonography. Betel nut chewing was classified into non-chewing, ex-chewing, and current chewing, and cumulative dosages were calculated. The aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/platelet ratio index and NAFLD fibrosis scores (NFS) were calculated for evaluation of liver fibrosis. Results: NAFLD increased the associated risk of liver fibrosis in those with (odds ratio (OR): 5.51, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.09–9.80) and without betel nut chewing (OR: 2.33, 95% CI: 1.64–3.29). In subjects without NAFLD, betel nut chewing was not associated with liver fibrosis (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 0.44–2.86). In subjects with NAFLD, cumulative betel nut chewing and ex- and current chewing were positively associated with NFS and significant liver fibrosis. Conclusions: In subjects with NAFLD, betel nut chewing, even ex-chewing, was associated with a higher risk of liver fibrosis, where higher cumulative levels were found to increase the risk of significant liver fibrosis. However, the associated risk of liver fibrosis due to betel nut chewing was insignificant in subjects without NAFLD.

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Sino-Japanese Reactive Diplomacy as Seen Through the Interplay of the Belt Road Initiative (BRI) and the Free and Open Indo-Pacific Vision (FOIP)

China Report ◽

10.1177/0009445520984735 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 7-21

Author(s):

Stephen Nagy

Keyword(s):

Matrix Analysis ◽

State Sovereignty ◽

Pacific Region ◽

Legal Perspective ◽

Road Maps ◽

Process Oriented ◽

Development Trajectories ◽

High Degree ◽

The Relationship

The Indo-Pacific region is now home to at least two competing regionalism road maps, China’s Belt Road Initiative (BRI) and Japan’s Free and Open Indo-Pacific Vision (FOIP). Through comparing their respective development trajectories, this article examines the relationship between these two regionalisation initiatives. Key lines of enquiry include the following: Is the interaction between the BRI and the FOIP Vision reactive, proactive or both? Why has each initiative changed its trajectory? How can we characterise these competing initiatives? This article employs a regionalism matrix analysis that compares two different approaches, integration from a ‘rational-legal perspective’ with an emphasis on broad cooperation and state sovereignty from a ‘process-oriented perspective’ with a focus on exact goals. It finds that the BRI focuses on both a high degree of state sovereignty based on a ‘process-oriented perspective’ and exact cooperation. In contrast, FOIP stresses integration through a ‘rational-legal perspective’, broad cooperation and a shared rules-based order. Furthermore, there is a reactive interplay between these two regionalism frameworks that shapes their orientation and influences their focus.

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Attention Inhibition Training Can Reduce Betel-Nut Chewing Time

i-Perception ◽

10.1068/ic259 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 259-259

Author(s):

Ming-Chou Ho ◽

Ren-Hau Li ◽

Tze-Chun Tang

Keyword(s):

Betel Nut ◽

Betel Nut Chewing ◽

Inhibition Training

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The relationship between large-scale vertical motion, highly reflective cloud, and sea surface temperature in the tropical Pacific region

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres ◽

10.1029/jd093id09p11205 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 93 (D9) ◽

pp. 11205 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Peter H. Zimmermann ◽

Henry B. Selkirk ◽

Reginald E. Newell

Keyword(s):

Surface Temperature ◽

Sea Surface Temperature ◽

Large Scale ◽

Vertical Motion ◽

Tropical Pacific ◽

Sea Surface ◽

Pacific Region ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Tropical Pacific

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INTERACTION BETWEEN A FAMILY DOCTOR AND A DENTIST AT AN EARLY STAGE IN THE PREVENTION OF DISEASES OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

EurasianUnionScientists ◽

10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2020.2.81.1152 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (12(81)) ◽

pp. 39-43

Author(s):

M. Ibragimov ◽

Y. Heydarova ◽

A. Alizade ◽

L. Ibragimova

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Early Stage ◽

Family Doctor ◽

Scientific Article ◽

Oral Manifestations ◽

Family Doctors ◽

Long Period ◽

Initial Stage ◽

The Relationship

This scientific article discusses the oral manifestations of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. This problem is relevant both for dentists and family doctors. In medicine, for a long period of time, the relationship between diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract and their symptoms manifested in the oral cavity has been considered. Many scientists and physicians have dealt with this problem, their several opinions are presented in this article. There is a hypothesis among researchers that the oral cavity is a mirror in which all human diseases can be visible. In the oral cavity, most of the alterations occurring in the organism are manifested, due to which, with an attentive attitude to oral manifestations, the disease can be detected already at the initial stage.

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