scholarly journals Participation of Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems” in Realization of National Space Programs of Deep Space Exploration

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
A. V. Kruglov ◽  
◽  
E. P. Molotov ◽  
V. M. Vatutin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Space Systems ◽  
Deep Space ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
National Space ◽  
Deep Space Exploration ◽  
Space Programs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scientific Results

The article describes the role of Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems” in realization of national space programs, in study of space and planets of the solar system by automatic spacecraft and interplanetary complexes. The history of the creation of the national ground control system for long-range spacecraft in realization of the program of scientific research in deep space is briefly described. The main scientific results of these studies are given.

“Mansurov project” of the Russian Palestine (based on materials from a trip in 1857 to Holy Places)

2019 ◽  
pp. 292-298
Author(s):  
Andrey Allenov
Keyword(s):  
The Black Sea ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Holy Land ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Holy Places ◽  
History Of

We consider the activity of B.P. Mansurov in organizing Russian pilgrimage to the Holy Land. We describe the preparation, course and results of B.P. Mansurov’s trip to the Orthodox East (1857) that largely predetermined the nature of the Russian presence in Palestine. In the framework of this trip, we consider the reasons for creating the joint-stock company “Russian Company of Shipping and Trading”. We reveal that created as an attempt to preserve the presence of Russia on the Black Sea coast, the company set the task to facilitate the movement of Russian pilgrims to Palestine and Athos. By this step, the Russian government intended to increase Russia’s humanitarian influence in the region. We pay attention to B.P. Mansurov’s service instructions in trip to the East, the significance of his work for the publication of the “Guide to the Orthodox Worshiper to Holy Places”, and also Mansurov’s own views on the problem of Russian Orthodox pilgrimage in Palestine. We show that B.P. Mansurov’s program envisaged an increase in the intensity of the steamship communication with Palestine, the acquisition of land and construction of pilgrimage shelters, the erection of temples for the Russian worship. The development issues of Orthodox pilgrimage should be managed through the Russian consulates operating in the Middle East, including in Jerusalem itself. Consideration of results of the journey in 1857 allowed to draw conclusions about the significant role of B.P. Mansurov in the history of the Russian presence in the Holy Land.

Antislavery on a Slave Coast

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Padraic X. Scanlan
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Early History ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Transatlantic Slave Trade ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Before the abolition of the slave trade in the British empire in 1807, colonial Sierra Leone was an experiment in free trade and free labour, founded by the Sierra Leone Company, a joint-stock company led by antislavery activists, and settled by African American Loyalists from Nova Scotia. This chapter explores the early history of the colony, and shows how antislavery was undermined by the routines of the transatlantic slave trade. Meanwhile, African American settlers were marginalised, and the arrival of 500 Jamaican Maroons in 1800 helped to cement the relationship between the leaders of the antislavery movement and the British armed forces.

The Brief History of the New-York Coffeehouse Company Limited

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
Sára Czina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Company Limited ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

At the turn of the 20th century, Budapest was famous for its Coffeehouse Culture. One of the most popular Café was the New-York Coffeehouse; today, it is remembered for its literary life. After 20 years of operation, in 1913, new people bought the tenant’s rights and established the first Coffeehouse joint-stock company in Hungary, called New-York coffeehouse Company Limited. This paper aims to analyze the operation of the Company in relation to the stock transfers, analysis of its profitability, and the changes in the transformations in the shares. The main goal was to figure out how the profitability and the stock transfers were connected to the contemporary social and economic circumstances. The years of the World Wars, Revolutions, the Great Depression, and the cultural/social life of the twenties had their deep effects on the life of the Company. The changes were perceptible for the public, too. Many articles were published about the hardships of the Company and the changing atmosphere of the Coffeehouse. These were different; not all of them damaged the interest of the Company Limited equally. Still, the difficulties influenced the stock transfers, profitability, and the everyday life of the Managers and Shareholders. These circumstances are parallel to the changes of the Company.

scholarly journals The History of Joint-Stock Companies in the Second Polish Republic as Exemplified by Wspólnota Interesów Górniczo–Hutniczych SA (Mining and Metallurgy Community of Interests Joint Stock Company)

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-69
Author(s):  
Mariusz W. Majewski
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Capital ◽  
Great War ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Great War

Abstract The article focuses on problems related to capital in Katowicka Spółka Akcyjna dla Górnictwa i Hutnictwa SA (Katowice Mining and Metallurgy Joint Stock Company) and Górnośląskie Zjednoczone Huty “Królewska” i “Laura” (Upper Silesian United Metallurgical Plants “Królewska” and “Laura”) in the years 1918–1939. The article examines particular issues of the Upper Silesian industry after the Great War, namely: concentration of foreign capital in the mining and metallurgical industries; great mining and metallurgical enterprises in the periods of both industrial prosperity and crisis; attempts to limit the influence of foreign capital following the introduction of judicial supervision over Katowicka Spółka Akcyjna dla Górnictwa i Hutnictwa SA and Górnośląskie Zjednoczone Huty “Królewska” i “Laura” SA; the emergence of Wspólnota Interesów Górniczo– Hutniczych SA (Mining and Metallurgy Community of Interests Joint Stock Company) in the final years of the Second Polish Republic.

scholarly journals Pharmaceutical Solutions for Deep Space Travel and Colonization: Background, Challenges, and Possibilities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Jabara
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Space Exploration ◽  
Space Environment ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Space Travel ◽  
Deep Space ◽  
Deep Space Exploration ◽  
Space Programs ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health

Manned missions to Mars and other deep space exploration targets are expected to take place in the next 20 years. These missions will involve prolonged crew exposure to the unique space environment, increasing the risk that astronauts will experience additional physical and psychological health conditions beyond those that would be expected through normal aging on Earth. Thus, there is an acute need to develop therapeutic solutions that can withstand the harsh space environment, while maintaining astronaut health and maximizing crew capabilities to foster successful exploration-class missions. This review covers the nuanced and interdisciplinary challenge that is providing safe and effective pharmaceuticals for future deep space missions. First, the limitations of current pharmaceutical solutions are discussed; the impacts of the space environment on human health and chemical compound stability are covered, along with an evaluation of astronaut medication use on similar missions. Second, potential pharmaceutical solutions and concepts are presented for consideration. Future research should prioritize these and other potential innovations to ensure that our space programs are well equipped to maximize crew safety as astronauts explore deep space objectives.

Group Micromachining Technologies for the Production of Sensitive Elements of Inertial MEMS Sensors

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 86-97
Author(s):  
O. S. Guseva ◽  
◽  
D. V. Kozlov ◽  
A. S. Korpukhin ◽  
I. P. Smirnov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerospace Industry ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Space Systems ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Mems Sensors ◽  
Accuracy Class ◽  
Serial Production ◽  
Navigation Accuracy ◽  
Accuracy And Repeatability

The paper presents various variants of inertial MEMS sensors of tactical and navigation accuracy class used in the Russian aerospace industry. Currently, the microelectronics center of Joint Stock Company “Russian Space Systems” is carrying out a number of works on the development of technologies for group microprocessing of quartz and silicon sensitive elements for such sensors and their introduction into mass production. In this case, the main task of the study is to increase the accuracy and repeatability of the geometry of elastic suspensions of MEMS sensors. The developed technologies made it possible to ensure the formation of silicon elastic elements of MEMS accelerometers and gyroscopes with an accuracy of volumetric dimensions up to 1 micron; to increase the precision of micromachining of quartz sensitive elements by a factor of 5 in comparison with traditional technology. Currently, most of the mastered technologies are implemented in the serial production of sensitive elements of inertial MEMS sensors and are used in onboard systems of aerospace devices and vehicles.

scholarly journals Technological Determinism Goes Aloft: Notes on the Human – Machine Issue in Outer Space Exploration

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
Lika Rodin
Keyword(s):  
Space Exploration ◽  
Outer Space ◽  
The Self ◽  
Technological Determinism ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
National Space ◽  
History Of ◽  
Manned Space ◽  
The Individual

The future of space exploration is unimaginable without broadening the role of technology. Already, the necessity of manned space expeditions is becoming increasingly problematized. This study looks at the role of technology and human – machine relationships unfolding within national space programs through the lens of the 'soft' version of technological determinism suggested by Albert Borgmann. This theoretical tradition recognizes, without neglecting human agency, the shaping effect of technology on human organization, prosperity and actions as well as on individuals' relationships with the self and other. The commodification of technology – economic and ethical – is viewed to be the effects of technological expansion. Ethical commodification is characterized by disattachment of the individual from the natural surrounding and from the self. In the field of space exploration, ethical commodification is associated with the process of automation that developed differently in distinctive national contexts. Thus, if the history of American spaceflight is characterized by the initial struggle against automation, seen to be a means of disempowering astronauts as a professional group, the Russian space program favoured automation from the very beginning. In both contexts, however, automation eventually established itself and continues to shape contemporary perceptions on spaceflight. The accumulated experiences of man-machine interactions are useful for understanding ethical commodification as a social phenomenon. Drawing on the autobiographical narratives of Soviet / Russian cosmonauts, I specify the ways in which ethical commodification of hardware and software manifested itself in spaceflight and how it could be diverted. In conclusion, a perspective that resists alienation is suggested for the enterprise of space exploration at large.

scholarly journals Minority shareholders vs. the state: the case of JSC “UKRNEFT”

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
Alexander Kostyuk ◽  
Olena Kostyuk
Keyword(s):  
Ownership Structure ◽  
The State ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Corporate Ownership ◽  
Minority Shareholders ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Asymmetry Of Information ◽  
Company Stock ◽  
Corporate Ownership Structure

The joint-stock company "Ukrneft" is a good example for understanding the role of asymmetry of information in the corporate governance. Corporate ownership structure is characterized by high enough concentration. The state is the largest stockholder, owning 50%+1 company stock, i.e. controlling block. Besides the state, there are some large shareholders in the structure of corporate ownership of the joint stock company "Ukrneft’". They are represented by Pryvatbank, Ukrsybbank and Wotford Groups. The consolidated shareholding of these shareholders is 41 % of voting shares. The remaining 9 % of shareholder equity belong to the rest minority shareholders

scholarly journals The Hospital Town of «the First Garden City in Russia» near Prozorovka: the History of Design and Construction (1912-1930)

2018 ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
Yulia D. Starostenko
Keyword(s):  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Garden City ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

The article is devoted to the buildings of the hospital town an implemented fragment of one of the most famous town planning projects of early 20th century. «The first Garden City in Russia» at Prozorovka (now Kratovo), which was to include not only the hospital town, but a set of other major public buildings, was designed by civil engineer V. N. Semyonov, by order of the Board of Directors of Joint-stock company of the Moscow-Kazan Railway for this company employees. The initiator of the project was the Chairman of The Board of Directors N.K. von Meck. The article on base on a wide range of archival sources, recreates the history of designing the hospital town in 1912-1913 and contains previously unknown facts and materials. Among these materials is the original project of the hospital town (primary drawings of this project published in the article the first time) and the discussions papiers of the project in the Ministry of Railways in 1913. It also provides information about the construction process of the buildings of the hospital town in 1915-1918. For the first time on archival documents is fixed the condition of buildings at the time of completion of the first constructions phase in 1918. Special attention is paid to the hospital complex fate in 1924-1930, when the buildings were rebuilt and adapted for accommodation of the tuberculosis sanatorium of Cusstrah No. 1. The revealed papiers make it possible to understand how during completing of the buildings in the second half of the 1920s, there preserves neoclassical facades, designed by architect A.I. Tamanov (Tamanyan) in 1913.

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