scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF PHYTOHORMONES AND LIGHT ON THE GERMINATION OF APPLE POLLEN WITH REDUCED VIABILITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 180 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
A. V. Pavlov ◽  
V. G. Verzhuk ◽  
D. D. Bondaruk
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Effective Combination ◽  
Germination Of Pollen ◽  
Long Term Preservation

 Background. Studying the effect of phytohormones and light on the germination of apple pollen with reduced viability on an artificial nutrient medium is of importance, because it may facilitate an increase in the germination percentage among plant samples promising for breeding after their long-term preservation under low temperatures.Materials and methods. Pollen viability of the apple-tree cultivar ‘Krasnolistnaya’ was measured by germinating it on an artificial nutrient medium containing 10% sucrose solution and 0.8% agar. Drops of a distilled water suspension of pollen with added phytohormones were applied to the surface of the nutrient medium. Pollen was germinated in the dark (24 hours in a thermostat at 21°C) and under light (in an artificial light chamber at 21°C with a photoperiod of 16 hours of light / 8 hours of darkness). Results. Pollen of cv. ‘Krasnolistnaya’ with reduced viability most effectively germinated with the use of gibberellin at a concentration of 1 mg/l and 10 mg/l: the germination percentage was 22.3±0.8% and 21.8±1.3% respectively (сf. 10.9±1.5% in the reference). The most effective combination of phytohormones was gibberellin 10 mg/l + kinetin 10 mg/l – the percentage of germination was 22.8±6.3%; kinetin 1 mg/l + indolylbutyric acid 1 mg/l – the percentage of germination was 17.5±5.9% vs. 10.9±1.5% in the reference.Conclusion. Phytohormones were observed to have a significant effect on the germination of apple pollen with reduced viability. Effective concentrations and combinations of phytohormones that promote the germination of pollen with reduced viability have been identified. Light does not affect the germination of pollen with reduced viability.

scholarly journals Impact of temperature and air moisture on pollen viability

2020 ◽  
Vol 183 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
D.V. Starikova ◽  
◽  
Yu.D. Syrova ◽  
L.A. Gorlova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Winter Rapeseed ◽  
Germinating Pollen ◽  
Germination Of Pollen

The environments have a direct impact on formation and functioning of the generative organs in plants. Parameters characterizing viability of pollen grains are closely linked with weather conditions, especially temperature and air moisture. Very often a phase of a beginning of flowering of winter rapeseed (end of March – beginning of April) lasts in unfavourable conditions. In April 2020, we studied influence of the main weather factors (frosts, low moisture) on germination of pollen grains of the varieties Loris, Sarmat and hybrids 40059 × Jesper 16– 132 and 40008 × INRA of winter rapeseed bred in VNIIMK. Pollen viability was determined by B.A. Trankovsky’s method, accounting amount of germinating pollen grains on the artificial nutrient medium, calculating a percentage of germinating pollen grains to their total quantity. We determined optimal concentration of sucrose solution (20%) in a nutrient medium for germination of pollen of winter rapeseed varieties and hybrids. Due to our results, lowered air temperatures (from -0.5 to -1.9 оС) combined with air moisture from 39 to 86% in a period of beginning of crop flowering negatively influenced on germination of pollen grains. Viability of pollen of the varieties Loris and Sarmat was in average 47 and 37%, respectively. Pollen grains of the hybrids (F1 40059 × 52 Jesper 16-132 and F1 40008 × INRA) had less viability – 38 and 21%, respectively, this certifies higher susceptibility of tissues of the reproductive organs to low temperature and moisture.

scholarly journals Storage and Viability Testing of Protea Pollen

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 804-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. David van der Walt ◽  
Gail M. Littlejohn
Keyword(s):  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Fresh Pollen ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Storage Temperatures

The influence of storage temperature and humidity on pollen viability was studied in four Protea species. Pollen was stored at a range of temperatures and relative humidities for up to 1 year and tested for ability to germinate in vitro. Pollen of P. repens (L.) L. `Sneyd', P. eximia (Salisb. ex Knight) Fourcade `Fiery Duchess' and P. magnifica Link. clone T 84 07 05 stored at -196 °C and -14 to -18 °C retained a germination percentage as high as that of fresh pollen regardless of humidity. Humidity control became increasingly important at storage temperatures above 0 °C. The study showed that long-term storage of Protea pollen is not feasible at temperatures above 0 °C. The relationship between germinability and fluorochromasia (FCR) was studied during storage of `Sneyd' pollen. The correlations between FCR and germinability were found to be low and nonsignificant. Fifteen-month-old cryopreserved `Sneyd' pollen functioned in fertilization and seed set as effectively as fresh pollen.

scholarly journals Cryopreservation of seeds of Melocactus zehntneri Braun ex Ritter f. and Cereus gounellei Luetzelb ex Schum k. by the vitrification method

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Wagner Vendrame ◽  
Roberto Takane ◽  
Lamartine Cardoso ◽  
Leonardo Alvarez ◽  
Ricardo Tadeu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Endangered Plant ◽  
Human Influence ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Long Term Preservation

The Brazilian Caatinga houses a number of cacti species, which are considered endangered due to human influence. Two of them, Melocactus zehntneri Braun ex Ritter f. and Cereus gounellei Luetzelb ex Schum k., are endemic of the Brazilian Caatinga. Cryopreservation can provide a means for long-term preservation of endangered plant material. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of cryoprotectants for the cryopreservation of seeds from these two ­species. The treatments consisted of immersing seeds in different cryoprotectant solutions and vitrification solutions before storage in liquid nitrogen (NL) at -196 °C, as follows: T1- Control: no cryoprotectants; T2- PVS2 (10 min), T3-  PVS2 + phloroglucinol 1% (10 min), T4- PVS2 (10 min) + Supercool 1%; T5- PVS2 + phloroglucinol 1% (10 min) + Supercool 1%. Seed germination was evaluated after cryopreservation. The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and five replicates per treatment. Seed moisture at the beginning of the experiment was 6.2% for M. zehntneri and 7.8% for C. gounellei. There were no statistically significant differences for the seed germination percentage among the different treatments. Therefore, we concluded that seed of these two cacti species can be cryopreserved directly without the need for cryoprotectant solutions.

Changes of pollen viability of ornamental plants after long-term preservation in a cryopreservation pollen bank

Cryobiology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruifen Ren ◽  
Zedi Li ◽  
Bingling Li ◽  
Jin Xu ◽  
Xueru Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Long Term Preservation

Cryomacroscopy in 3D: A Device Prototype for the Study of Cryopreservation

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoed Rabin ◽  
Justin S. G. Feig ◽  
Alexander C. Williams ◽  
Christopher C. Lin ◽  
Chandrajit Thaokar
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Biological Material ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Ice Formation ◽  
New Device ◽  
Physical Effects ◽  
Cryopreservation Techniques ◽  
Long Term Preservation

This study presents a new device prototype for visualization of physical effects associated with large-scale cryopreservation—the preservation of tissues at very low temperatures. Cryopreservation represents the only method for long-term preservation of biomaterials. While techniques for cryopreservation of single cells and small tissue structures are well established, cryopreservation techniques for bulky tissues and organs are still at the developmental stage. Critical to the success of cryopreservation is the control of ice formation—the cornerstone of cryoinjury. One of the most promising techniques for large-scale cryopreservation is known as vitrification, where the crystal phase is suppressed, and the biological material is trapped in a glassy-like state (vitreous in Latin means glassy) [1].

Problems of treatment of primary openangle glaucoma in combination with thrombosis of the central retinal vein

GlaucomaNews ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
T.E. Lipatkina ◽  
◽  
Е.V. Karlova ◽  
A.V. Zolotarev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Edema ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Retinal Edema ◽  
Long Term Preservation ◽  
Central Retinal Vein

Patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and ophthalmic hypertension have an increased likelihood of developing occlusions (thrombosis) of the central retinal vein. Different groups of antihypertensive drugs differ in their mechanism of action and may affect concomitant ocular pathology, in particular, retinal edema, which occurs, for example, in occlusion of the central retinal vein. Used in most patients with glaucoma, prostaglandin analogs can contribute to the long-term preservation of macular edema due to the effect on the permeability of the vascular wall. Preparations of other pharmacological groups, reducing the production of aqueous humor, on the contrary, may contribute to its regression. Therefore, the question of choosing a drug for antihypertensive therapy in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and concomitant macular edema is relevant and is for further study.

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