Main directions of agriculture modernization in modern Russia

One hundred and twenty eight (128) on-farm demonstrations on Improved Production Technology (IPT) for black gram were carried out in eighty (80) hectares of farmer’s fields in Sankarankovil, Vasudevanallur and Kuruvikulam blocks of Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu from 2010-11 to 2012-13 under Tamil Nadu – Irrigated Agriculture Modernization and Water Bodies Restoration and Management (TN-IAMWARM) project. Two methods viz., Improved Production Technologies (IPT) and Conventional Method (CM) were compared. The results revealed that the adoption of Improved Production Technologies IPT) favorably influenced yield attributes and yield of black gram. The maximum seed yield (1,053 kg ha-1) obtained from IPT which was higher than conventional method (720 kg ha-1). The best net income ( 25,650) and benefit:cost (2.60) were also associated with IPT than conventional method of black gram cultivation. The additional income of 11,762 ha-1 was obtained from IPT over Conventional Method of black gram cultivation.

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Technological modernization of agricultural production: condition, forms, methods and directions of innovations support

Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies ◽

10.20914/2310-1202-2019-1-373-379 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 81 (1) ◽

pp. 373-379

Author(s):

A. S. Chekunov

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Production ◽

Production Condition ◽

The State ◽

Agricultural Producers ◽

Agricultural Enterprises ◽

The Us ◽

Key Factor ◽

Agriculture Modernization ◽

Technological Modernization ◽

Alternative Choice

The article is devoted to the modernization of domestic agricultural production, its support from the state, the introduction by agricultural producers of innovations in the production process. The article systematizes the views of economists on the forms (directions) and methods of supporting innovation in agriculture. Modernization of agricultural production is one of the primary tasks of increasing the competitiveness of the industry. Improvement of production in agriculture, which is impossible without the use of innovation, is becoming a key factor in achieving success in competition in foreign markets for agricultural products. Statistics show that the technical and technological modernization in the industry is extremely weak. It should be noted that the level of innovation in domestic agriculture is about 10%, while in the US it is more than 50%. The decline in the production of agricultural machinery threatens the technical and technological modernization of the industry, since agricultural producers with limited financial capabilities, with the continuation of this negative trend in the near future, there will be no possibility of an alternative choice when acquiring the much-needed equipment. The insignificant financing of innovations in agriculture by the state led to the fact that only 2% of agricultural enterprises introduce innovative technologies into their activities. The state needs to support domestic producers of agricultural equipment, since their absence poses a real threat to the food security of the national state.

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EVOLUÇÃO E DIFERENCIAÇÃO DOS SISTEMAS AGRÁRIOS NA SERRA DOS TAPES, RIO GRANDE DO SUL / EVOLUTION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF AGRARIAN SYSTEMS IN SERRA DOS TAPES, RIO GRANDE DO SUL

Geographia Meridionalis ◽

10.15210/gm.v4i1.13360 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 57

Author(s):

Gabriela Rodrigues Gois

Keyword(s):

Systems Theory ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Current Time ◽

Agriculture Modernization ◽

Methodological Procedures ◽

Modernization Process ◽

Field Works ◽

Agrarian Systems

Este artigo tem como objetivo reconstituir a evolução e diferenciação dos sistemas agrários identificados na Serra dos Tapes, Rio Grande do Sul. Para tanto, apoia-se no referencial teórico e metodológico de sistemas agrários, o qual proporcionou as ferramentas adequadas para compreender as transformações históricas e geográficas nas formas de ocupação e exploração agrícola no recorte espacial estudado, desde os seus primeiros habitantes até o contexto atual. Os procedimentos metodológicos da presente pesquisa consistiram em trabalhos de campo realizados na Serra dos Tapes, entrevistas com os moradores antigos e revisões bibliográficas sobre a referida região. Foram identificados, em totalidade, cincos sistemas agrários: Sistema Agrário Indígena (até 1780); Sistema Agrário Quilombola (1780 – 1858); Sistema Agrário Colonial (1858 – 1900); Sistema Agrário Contemporâneo I (1900 – 1960) e Sistema Agrário Contemporâneo II (1960 – até os dias atuais). Entre os eventos que marcaram a transição entre um sistema agrário e outro, destacam-se a ingerência portuguesa sobre a região sul do estado, durante os séculos XVIII e XIX, os processos de urbanização e industrialização dos municípios de Pelotas e Rio Grande, assim como processo de modernização da agricultura, marcada pela Revolução Verde.ABSTRACT:This paper aims to reconstitute the evolution and differentiation of the agrarian systems identified in Serra dos Tapes, Rio Grande do Sul. Therefore, laid on the theoretical and methodological reference of agrarian systems, which provided the adequate tools to grasping the historical and the geographical transformations in the forms of occupation and agricultural exploitation in the studied area, since its first inhabitants until the current time. The present research methodological procedures consist of field works executed in Serra dos Tapes, interviews with ancient residents and bibliographical review about mentioned region. Were identified five agrarian systems: Indigenous Agrarian System (until 1780); Quilombola Agrarian System (1780-1858); Colonial Agrarian System (1858 - 1900); Contemporary Agrarian System I (1900 - 1960) and Contemporary Agrarian System II (1960 - until nowadays). Among the events that defined the transition between one agrarian system and another, highlights the portuguese interference on state's south region, during XVIII and XIX centuries, Pelotas and Rio Grande's urbanization and industrialization processes, as well as agriculture modernization process, highlited by Green Revolution.Keywords: Serra dos Tapes; Agrarian Systems Theory; Evolution and Differentiation of Agrarian Systems.

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Evaluation of different weed management practices in dry direct seeded spring rice at Baniyani, Jhapa, Nepal

Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science ◽

10.26832/24566632.2020.0504016 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 535-542

Author(s):

Rakshya Poudel ◽

Santosh Marahatta ◽

Santosh Kandel ◽

Purnima Puri

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Block Design ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Yield Attributes ◽

Net Returns ◽

Weight Growth ◽

Agriculture Modernization

A field experiment was conducted during the spring season of 2020 to evaluate the different weed management practices in dry directed seeded spring rice under Prime Minister Agriculture Modernization Project (PMAMP) super zone at Baniyani, Jhapa. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with seven weed management related treatments and three replications. The treatments consisted of pre-emergence application of Pretilachlor, pre-emergence application of Pendimethalin, pre-emergence application of Pretilachlor fb post-emergence butachlor pre-emergence application of Pendimethalin fb post-emergence Bispyribac Na, Sesbania co-culture along with pre-emergence application of Pendimethalin along with two control treatments (weedy free and weedy check). The rice variety Hardinath-1 was used in the experiment. Data regarding the weed flora, weed density, weed dry weight, growth, yield attributes and yield were recorded and analyzed. The highest number of effective tillers per m2 (371.51) and number of grains per panicle (145.43) were obtained in Pendimethalin treated plot and were statistically as par with Sesbania co-culture + Pendimethalin (363.44 m-2 and 140.54 respectively). Higher and statistically similar grain yield was observed in Sesbania co- culture + Pendimethalin (4870kg ha-1) and Pendimethalin treated plots (4780 kg ha-1). The experiment concluded that there was reduction in yield by 66.78 percent due to presence of weed as compared to weed free. Pre-emergence application of Pendimethalin was most beneficial in terms of gross returns, net returns and B:C ratio compared to other weed management practices and hence was most economical.

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Cattle barn bedding from recycled manure: some veterinary, technological and economic aspects of application

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20202700105 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 00105

Author(s):

Roman Uvarov ◽

Aleksandr Briukhanov ◽

Boris Semenov ◽

Anna Nazarova

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Solid State Fermentation ◽

Health Effect ◽

Dairy Farm ◽

Economic Assessment ◽

Operating Costs ◽

Positive Health ◽

Livestock Farming ◽

Agriculture Modernization ◽

External Sources

Agriculture modernization is a topical issue for both the global and domestic economy. Intensification of livestock farming results in an increased production of manure. Recycling of manure into bedding is one of the modern utilization technologies. National regulations do not specify requirements for currently applied bedding types, including manure-based bedding. The foreign experience, however, demonstrates several economic, zootechnical and hygienic advantages of this material. The field veterinary study revealed the positive health effect of bedding. The cows housed without bedding featured threefold higher risk of surgical diseases of limbs. Technical and economic assessment of a dairy farm with 1000 dairy cows showed the following annual operating costs when the major part of manure was passively composted and a part of manure was recycled into the bedding by (1) aerobic solid-state fermentation in a chamber fermenter and finish drying in a dryer drum – 24.2 million roubles; (2) aerobic solid-state fermentation in a drum fermenter – 21.7 million roubles; and (3) thermal drying in a dryer drum – 27.5 million roubles. At the same time, if all manure produced was composted and the bedding was purchased from external sources, the costs would be 27.9 to 35.2 million roubles depending on the bedding material.

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Comparison of agrarian political parties in selected Central European states after 1989

Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) ◽

10.17221/5366-agricecon ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 48 (No. 12) ◽

pp. 544-553

Author(s):

P. Blažek ◽

M. Kubalek

Keyword(s):

Political Parties ◽

Political System ◽

Party System ◽

Economic Recession ◽

Party Systems ◽

Point Of View ◽

Agriculture Modernization ◽

Election Results ◽

Communist Countries ◽

The City

This study deals with the founding and development of agrarian political parties and movements in selected postcommunist states (with the emphasis put on the Czech party system in the early 1990‘s). The topic is discussed from the point of view of classic political science theories, namely the historical conflict approach of Stein Rokkan and Seymour Martin Lipset, complemented with Derek Urwin’s theory regarding emergence of agrarian parties as a means of defense of country against urbanization. The results of research into the urban – rural cleavage and its influence on the genesis of agrarian political parties in selected post-communist countries after 1989 seem to support the above mentioned theories (even though those were originally formulated for a much earlier period when the Western party systems were first coming into existence. These can be applied also to the Czech environment, where several profession-based political parties were established in the early 1990’s, some of which were concerned with the defense of peasants’ and farmers’ interests. The attempts to create profession-based parties in the Czech political system were destined to fail for several reasons. The first was a striking ideological profiling of the bipolar party spectrum, causing general parties to pick up the themes and voters concerned with economic recession, and radicalization of electorate. The second reason lied in the diminishing numbers of potential voters, a result of agriculture modernization and general urbanization of society, which caused that the city-country conflict was reflected in the election results only marginally. The result was similar to other post-Soviet states, with a specific exception of Poland: agrarian parties and movements lost their former influence.

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Smart Innovative Engineering for Smart Agriculture Modernization

10.1007/978-3-030-82529-4_16 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 155-163

Author(s):

Galyna Tabunshchyk ◽

Peter Arras ◽

Karsten Henke ◽

Heinz-Dietrich Wuttke

Keyword(s):

Agriculture Modernization ◽

Smart Agriculture

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Value chain analysis of ginger in Panchthar District, Nepal

International Journal of Agricultural Invention ◽

10.46492/ijai/2019.4.2.5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (02) ◽

pp. 148-151

Author(s):

Rupak Karn ◽

Answiya Neupane ◽

Suman Bhattarai ◽

Saurav Neupane ◽

Pankaj Raj Dhital

Keyword(s):

Value Chain ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Market Price ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Household Survey ◽

Value Chain Analysis ◽

Rural Municipality ◽

Chain Analysis ◽

Agriculture Modernization ◽

Production Area

The study was conducted to assess the value chain of ginger sub-sector in Hiliyang Rural Municipality, Panchthar District, Nepal. The study was conducted in ward No 6 and 7 of Hiliyang Rural Municipality under the area of block of ginger under Prime Minister Agriculture Modernization Project. The methodological tools such as household survey with 60 ginger producers using interview schedule, key informants interview and rapid market appraisal with ginger producers and focus group discussion among local traders, local collectors, and district level traders were used to collect information. The ginger producers were sampled using random sampling technique and the data were collected in 2018, Feb-June. It was found that majority of the respondents had agriculture as their primary occupation with average land holding area 0.944 ha with average ginger production area 0.088 ha. The average yield of the ginger was 12.40 MT/ha with average cost of production of ginger Rs.17.68/kg. Majority of the respondents had known about the trending price of ginger via local collectors and traders. Fresh ginger was the only product exported from the district as value addition was very nominal. Only cleaning, sorting and packaging activities were performed by the farmers who sold their produce to local traders who in turn supplied to exporter of Birtamode. The trend of ginger cultivation was found to be decreasing. Low as well as fluctuating market price, lack of proper storage and processing facilities were regarded as major problems in ginger marketing. Rhizome rot and Khumle kira was found as the main hindrance in ginger production. This research explored the existing scenario of ginger value chain and its major constraints in the study area.

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