scholarly journals Increasing the Efficiency of Recuperation Through the Use of Energy Storage Systems for the Own Needs of Traction Substations

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-95
Author(s):  
V. L. Nezevak
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Regenerative Braking ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Load Curve ◽  
Traction Substation ◽  
Traction Substations ◽  
Energy Absorbing

The use of regenerative braking by electric rolling stock on DC railways makes it possible to increase the energy efficiency of the transportation process. The effective use of regenerative braking is associated with creation of conditions for receiving energy obtained through it. For these purposes, rectifier-inverter converters and energy absorbing devices are currently used in the traction power supply system.A promising technology that provides an increase in theefficiency of the use of regenerative braking is energy storage, which allows this energy to be used in the future to cover the traction load curve. A feature of the use of regenerative braking on singletrack sections of DC railways with low traffic intensity is the need to use converters or energy absorbing devices. One of the options for increasing the efficiency of recuperation energy use is the adoption of energy storage systems for the own needs of traction substations. The use of this technical solution is advisable on single-track sections with intensive use of regenerative braking, the effectiveness of which is explained through a decrease in power consumption for own needs of the substation from the external grid.The international research allows us to identify the widespread trend towards the application of electricity storage technology in various fields: from renewable energy sources to electric power systems, including transport power supply systems. International practices demonstrate successful implementation of pilot projects of adoption of energy storage systems for solving problems of increasing the efficiency of electric urban and suburban transport, as well as of metro systems.The objective of the work is to assess the energy performance of energy storage systems when using recovered energy for own needs of a traction substation. The study is based on the methods of mathematical and simulation modelling, optimisation, and mathematical statistics.The discussed issues refer to the use of energy storage systems to provide power supply for own needs of DC traction substations. Main issues of operation of storage systems are considered with the help of a substation case study. The features of the recuperation load curve are described to explain the use of hybrid technologies for developing a storage system. The example of the considered traction substation helps to demonstrate the solution to the problem of determining main parameters of the storage system, considering the specifics of operation of electrochemical and electrical modules.

Modeling an Energy Storage System Based on a Hybrid Renewable Energy System in Stand-alone Applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2641-2645
Author(s):  
Alexandru Ciocan ◽  
Ovidiu Mihai Balan ◽  
Mihaela Ramona Buga ◽  
Tudor Prisecaru ◽  
Mohand Tazerout
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Hybrid Renewable Energy System

The current paper presents an energy storage system that stores the excessive energy, provided by a hybrid system of renewable energy sources, in the form of compressed air and thermal heat. Using energy storage systems together with renewable energy sources represents a major challenge that could ensure the transition to a viable economic future and a decarbonized economy. Thermodynamic calculations are conducted to investigate the performance of such systems by using Matlab simulation tools. The results indicate the values of primary and global efficiencies for various operating scenarios for the energy storage systems which use compressed air as medium storage, and shows that these could be very effective systems, proving the possibility to supply to the final user three types of energy: electricity, heat and cold function of his needs.

scholarly journals Analysis of Different Energy Storage Technologies for Microgrids Energy Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
Darío Benavides ◽  
Paúl Arévalo ◽  
Luis G. Gonzalez ◽  
José A. Aguado
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Efficiency Performance ◽  
Storage Technologies ◽  
Different Levels

The importance of energy storage systems is increasing in microgrids energy management. In this study, an analysis is carried out for different types of energy storage technologies commonly used in the energy storage systems of a microgrid, such as: lead acid batteries, lithium ion batteries, redox vanadium flux batteries and supercapacitors. In this work, it is analyzed the process of charging and discharging (slow and fast) in these systems, the calculation of energy efficiency, performance and energy supplied under different load levels, in its normal operating conditions and installed power capacity is developed. The results allow us to choose the optimal conditions of charge and discharge at different levels of reference power, analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of the characteristics of each storage system within a microgrid.

scholarly journals Feasibility Analysis of Behind-the-Meter Energy Storage System According to Public Policy on an Electricity Charge Discount Program

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byuk-Keun Jo ◽  
Seungmin Jung ◽  
Gilsoo Jang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact

Energy storage systems are crucial in dealing with challenges from the high-level penetration of renewable energy, which has inherently intermittent characteristics. For this reason, various incentive schemes improving the economic profitability of energy storage systems are underway in many countries with an aim to expand the participation rate. The electricity charge discount program, which was introduced in 2015 in Korea, is one of the policies meant to support the economic feasibility of demand-side energy storage systems. This paper quantitatively evaluated the impact of the electricity charge discount program on the economic feasibility of behind-the-meter energy storage systems. In this work, we first summarized how electricity customers can benefit from behind-the-meter energy storage systems. In addition, we represented details of the structure that make up the electricity charge discount program, i.e., how the electricity charge is discounted through the discount scheme. An optimization problem that establishes a charge and discharge schedule of an energy storage system to minimize each consumer’s electricity expenditure was defined and formulated as well. The case study results indicated that the electricity charge discount program has improved the profitability of behind-the-meter energy storage systems, and this improved profitability led to investment in behind-the-meter energy storage systems in Korea. As a result of the electricity charge discount program, Korea’s domestic demand side energy storage system market size, which was only 27 billion dollars in 2015 in Korea, has grown to 825 billion dollars in 2018.

Data Center Energy Conservation by Heat Pipe Cold Energy Storage System

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Ping Wu ◽  
Masataka Mochizuki ◽  
Koichi Mashiko ◽  
Thang Nguyen ◽  
Tien Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Heat Pipe ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Heat Load ◽  
Data Centers ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Cold Energy

In this paper, design and economic analysis for applying a novel type of heat pipe into cold energy storage systems have been proposed and discussed. The heat pipe cold energy storage systems can be designed into several types that are ice storage, cold water storage and pre-cool heat exchanger. Those systems can be used for co-operating with conventional chiller system for cooling data centers. The heat load used for discussing in this paper is 8800 kW which represents a large scale data center. The methodology addressed in this paper can be also converted into the middle and small sizes of the data centers. This type of storage system will help to downsize the chiller and decrease its running time that would be able to save significant electricity cost and decrease green house gas emissions from the electricity generation. The proposed systems can be easily connected into the existing conventional systems without major design changes. The analysis in this paper is using Air Freezing Index AFI >= 400 °C-days/year for sizing the heat pipe modules. For the locations where AFI has different value the storage size will be varied accordingly. The paper also addressed a result that an optimum size of cold energy storage system that should be designed at a level to handle 60% of total yearly heat load of a data center.

A Thermodynamic Model of a High Temperature Hybrid Compressed Air Energy Storage System for Grid Storage

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sammy Houssainy ◽  
Reza Baghaei Lakeh ◽  
H. Pirouz Kavehpour
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Compressed Air Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Storage Systems

Human activity is overloading our atmosphere with carbon dioxide and other global warming emissions. These emissions trap heat, increase the planet’s temperature, and create significant health, environmental, and climate issues. Electricity production accounts for more than one-third of U.S. global warming emissions, with the majority generated by coal-fired power plants. These plants produce approximately 25 percent of total U.S. global warming emissions. In contrast, most renewable energy sources produce little to no global warming emissions. Unfortunately, generated electricity from renewable sources rarely provides immediate response to electrical demands, as the sources of generation do not deliver a regular supply easily adjustable to consumption needs. This has led to the emergence of storage as a crucial element in the management of energy, allowing energy to be released into the grid during peak hours and meet electrical demands. Compressed air energy storage can potentially allow renewable energy sources to meet electricity demands as reliably as coal-fired power plants. Most compressed air energy storage systems run at very high pressures, which possess inherent problems such as equipment failure, high cost, and inefficiency. This research aims to illustrate the potential of compressed air energy storage systems by illustrating two different discharge configurations and outlining key variables, which have a major impact on the performance of the storage system. Storage efficiency is a key factor to making renewable sources an independent form of sustainable energy. In this paper, a comprehensive thermodynamic analysis of a compressed air energy storage system is presented. Specifically, a detailed study of the first law of thermodynamics of the entire system is presented followed by a thorough analysis of the second law of thermodynamics of the complete system. Details of both discharge and charge cycles of the storage system are presented. The first and second law based efficiencies of the system are also presented along with parametric studies, which demonstrates the effects of various thermodynamic cycle variables on the total round-trip efficiency of compressed air energy storage systems.

scholarly journals Battery Energy Storage Systems in Microgrids: Modeling and Design Criteria

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Moncecchi ◽  
Claudio Brivio ◽  
Stefano Mandelli ◽  
Marco Merlo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Robust Design ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Battery Energy Storage ◽  
Battery Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Battery Energy

Off-grid power systems based on photovoltaic and battery energy storage systems are becoming a solution of great interest for rural electrification. The storage system is one of the most crucial components since inappropriate design can affect reliability and final costs. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt reliable models able to realistically reproduce the working condition of the application. In this paper, different models of lithium-ion battery are considered in the design process of a microgrid. Two modeling approaches (analytical and electrical) are developed based on experimental measurements. The derived models have been integrated in a methodology for the robust design of off-grid electric power systems which has been implemented in a MATLAB-based computational tool named Poli.NRG (POLItecnico di Milano—Network Robust desiGn). The procedure has been applied to a real-life case study to compare the different battery energy storage system models and to show how they impact on the microgrid design.

scholarly journals Power Distribution Strategy of Microgrid Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on Improved Hierarchical Control

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiezhou Wu ◽  
Wenshan Yu ◽  
Lujun Wang ◽  
Linxin Guo ◽  
Zhiquan Tang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Hierarchical Control ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage System

Traditional hierarchical control of the microgrid does not consider the energy storage status of a distributed hybrid energy storage system. This leads to the inconsistency of the remaining capacity of the energy storage system in the process of system operation, which is not conducive to the safe and stable operation of the system. In this paper, an improved hierarchical control strategy is proposed: the first allocation layer completes the allocation between the distribution energy storage systems considering the state of hybrid energy storage systems, and the second allocation layer realizes the allocation within the hybrid energy storage systems based on variable time constant low-pass filtering. Considering the extreme conditions of energy storage systems, the transfer current is introduced in the second allocation process. The SOC (stage of charge) of the supercapacitor is between 40% and 60%, which ensures that the supercapacitor has enough margin to respond to the power demand. An example of a 300 MW photovoltaic microgrid system in a certain area is analyzed. Compared with the traditional hierarchical control, the proposed control strategy can reduce the SOC change of a hybrid energy storage system by 9% under the same conditions, and make the supercapacitor active after power stabilization, which is helpful to the stable operation of the microgrid.

A PCM/Forced Convection Conjugate Transient Analysis of Energy Storage Systems With Annular and Countercurrent Flows

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Cao ◽  
A. Faghri ◽  
A. Juhasz
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Storage System ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Conjugate Problem ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
Power Load ◽  
Short Period

Latent heat energy storage systems with both annular and countercurrent flows are modeled numerically. The change of phase of the phase-change material (PCM) and the transient forced convective heat transfer for the transfer fluid are solved simultaneously as a conjugate problem. A parametric study and a system optimization are conducted. It is found that the energy storage system with the counter-current flow is an efficient way to absorb heat energy in a short period for pulsed power load space applications.

Flywheel Energy Storage Systems for Wind Turbine Grid Frequency Stability: A Review

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilker Durukan ◽  
Stephen Ekwaro-Osire ◽  
Stephen B. Bayne
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Frequency Stability ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Flywheel Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Storage Systems

Most recent grid codes require wind turbines to contribute to the recovery of frequency drops in the grid. More of the recently build wind turbines use variable speed generators. Unlike fixed speed generators, these generators do not naturally contribute to the recovery of the frequency drop since the rotor rpm is decoupled from the grid frequency. This decoupling is achieved by controller and power conditioning units. The studies reviewed in this paper focused on the design of such a controller so that the wind turbine could react to frequency drops. Another approach to responding to frequency drops is to connect an energy storage system to the DC bus of variable speed generator. Flywheels have been used as energy storage systems to fill energy gaps in several applications and can be used for frequency recovery application for wind turbines as well. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the improvement of frequency stability of wind turbines connected to electrical grids in the presence of flywheel energy storage systems (FESS). Studies reviewed show that FESS can enhance the power quality and frequency stability of wind turbines connected to an electrical grid.

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