scholarly journals Cultural Differences in Children’s Recommended Punishment of Moral Transgressions

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-234
Author(s):  
Richard L. Miller ◽  
Tyler L. Collette
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Summer Camp ◽  
Cultural Orientation ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Individualism And Collectivism ◽  
Moral Transgressions ◽  
Severity Of Punishment ◽  
Recommended Level

The purpose of this research was to examine the severity of punishment recommended by children for moral transgressions. Using Hofstede’s (1980) distinction between individualism and collectivism, we examined the severity of punishment recommended by eight to twelve year old children for moral transgressions that violated a cultural value. Participants were children of various nationalities enrolled in a summer camp on the island of Mallorca, Spain. The children were classified as either individualist or collectivist using the Children’s Self-Construal Scale (Lewis et al. 2000). Each child reacted to nine moral transgressions, two of which were universal and seven of which reflected transgressions of either individualist or collectivist values. The results indicated that children classified as collectivists recommended harsher punishments for transgressions of collectivist values, whereas individualists did not vary in their recommended level of punishment for transgressions against both collectivist and individualist values. Keywords: individualism, collectivism, moral judgments, cultural orientation, moral transgressions

Ethnic-Based Cultural Differences: Study of Lithuania's Russian Minority

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-22
Author(s):  
Grazina Ciuladiene ◽  
Karolina Walancik ◽  
Viktorija Sevcuvianec
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Cultural Orientation ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Moderator Variable ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Orientations

Cultural orientation is conceptualized as a moderator variable of behavior. People of different ethnic groups possess cultural orientations different from those of the majority. Assuming cultural homogene-ity across all people of a given nation-state may lead to neglecting the potentially multi-layered nature of national cultural values. Cultural differences offer guidelines to equip oneself better in personal communication (Yi 2021). This study examines the cultural value orientations of Lithuania’s Russian diaspora, who in 2015 made up of 4.8% national average. The research question was concerned with characteristics of value orientations concerning four dimensions of Hofstede’s cultural value orientation. A total of 193 respon-dents of the target group completed the adopted Yoo, Donthu, and Lenartowicz’s (2011) questionnaire CVSCALE. The study explored ethnic-based intra-country cultural differences and similarities providing a greater understanding of the societal differences in value orientations.

scholarly journals Ατομικισμός – Συλλογικότητα και σχολικός εκφοβισμός

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Στέλιος Γεωργίου ◽  
Κυριακή Φουσιανή
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Cultural Orientation ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Individual Freedom ◽  
Parental Style ◽  
Peer Violence ◽  
Individualism And Collectivism ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between bullying at school and cultural value orientation constitutes one of the most interesting topics in the international literature during the recent years. Media in Western countries, where individualist cultural values prevail, present collectivist societies as less sensitive towards individual freedom and individual needs. For this reason, they postulate that phenomena such as peer violence and bullying at school are more frequent and more intense in societies where individuals are subordinated to the coercion and expectations of the group. Some recent studies confirm the above rationale and attribute it to the authoritarian parental style that such societies adopt. however, some other studies support the idea that collectivism is a cultural orientation that aims to prevent individuals from getting involved in violent actions against the powerless. Power distance, a cultural dimension referring to the way that power is allocated among people, with either individualist or collectivist cultural values, seems to be the key for the clarification of this issue. Both individualism and collectivism can have a horizontal and a vertical dimension of power distance. horizontal power distance fosters equality and cooperation, whereas vertical power distance underlines hierarchy and submission to the directives of authority. The current paper aims to explore the relationship between the above variables presentingfindings from empirical research.

CASE STUDY: Regional Cultural Differences Within and Across Four Western European Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-47
Author(s):  
Nadine Waehning ◽  
Ibrahim Sirkeci ◽  
Stephan Dahl ◽  
Sinan Zeyneloglu
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Business Plans ◽  
Regional Markets ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
Western European

This case study examines and illustrates within country regional cultural differences and cross border cultural similarities across four western European countries. Drawing on the data from the World Values Survey (WVS), we refer to the Schwartz Cultural Values Inventory in the survey. The demographic variables of age, gender, education level, marital status and income vary across the regions and hence, have significant effects on the cultural value dimensions across regions. The findings help a better understanding of the homogeneity and heterogeneity of regions withinand across countries. Both researchers and managers will have to justify their sampling methods and generalisations more carefully when drawing conclusions for a whole country. This case study underlines the limited knowledge about regional within country cultural differences, while also illustrating the simplification of treating each country as culturally homogeneous. Cross-country business strategies connecting transnational regional markets based on cultural value characteristics need to take these similarities and differences into account when designating business plans.

Cultural differences in gift recipients’ attitude and behavior toward disliked gifts

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Theeranuch Pusaksrikit ◽  
Sydney Chinchanachokchai
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Relationship Closeness ◽  
Marketing Segmentation ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
The Usa ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of cultural differences and the types of relationship closeness involved in recipients’ emotional and behavioral reactions after receiving disliked gifts. Design/methodology/approach Collecting data from Thailand and the USA, two experiments were conducted in a 2 (self-construal: independent/interdependent) × 2 (relationship closeness: close/distant) between-subjects design. Study 1 explores the recipients’ feelings and reactions upon receipt of a disliked gift. Study 2 explores the disposition process for a disliked gift. Findings The results show that a recipient’s emotions, reaction and disposition process can be affected by cultural differences and relationship closeness: specifically that close and distant relationships moderate the relationship between self-construal and gift-receiving attitudes and behaviors. Research limitations/implications Future research can investigate representative groups from other countries to broaden the generalizability of the findings. Practical implications This understanding can guide gift-givers when selecting gifts for close or distant recipients across cultures. Additionally, it can help retailers develop and introduce new marketing strategies by applying self-construal as a marketing segmentation tool for gift purchase and disposition. Originality/value This research is among the first studies to offer insights into how individuals in different cultures manage disliked gifts they receive from people in either close or distant relationships.

scholarly journals Disgust sensitivity and moral judgments of purity: The role of transgression weirdness

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fieke Maria Antoinet Wagemans ◽  
Mark John Brandt ◽  
Marcel Zeelenberg
Keyword(s):  
Moral Judgments ◽  
Disgust Sensitivity ◽  
Total N ◽  
Moral Domains ◽  
Moral Transgressions ◽  
The Relationship

Disgust sensitivity is more strongly related to moral judgments in the purity domain than to moral judgments in other moral domains. While this finding highlights the distinctiveness of moral domains, anti-modularity accounts suggest that the relationship is caused by the relative weirdness of purity transgressions and come to the conclusion that moral domains do not represent distinct mechanisms. In two studies (total N = 2,307), we test whether transgression weirdness accounts for disgust sensitivity’s stronger association with moral judgments of the purity as compared to other moral domains, but find little evidence for this claim. The relationship between disgust sensitivity and moral judgments of purity even remains when taking into account both (perceived) weirdness and (perceived) harmfulness of moral transgressions. These studies show that transgression weirdness and harmfulness cannot explain the disgust sensitivity–purity link, contradicting predictions following from popular anti-modularity accounts.

scholarly journals Constructing and validating a new measure of ingroup identification.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Relationship Orientation ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Ingroup Identification

In this study we constructed a scale that measures centrality, social, communal, andinterdependent identifi cation, and investigated the distinction between these four different typesof identifi cation with social groups. The general aim was to examine the psychometric propertiesof the newly designed Centrality, Social, Communal, and Interdependent Identifi cation Scale(CSCIIS) and to investigate whether differences in self-construal, relationship orientation,gender, and culture might predict each type of identifi cation. The results provided initial supportfor the validity and the reliability of the CSCIIS, revealed cross-cultural differences in ingroupidentifi cation, and supported predictions regarding the correlations between particular types ofrelationships orientation and particular types of identifi cation with social groups.

Cultural Orientation Differences and Their Implications for Online Learning Satisfaction

2018 ◽  
pp. 494-539
Author(s):  
Moussa Tankari
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Cultural Orientation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sociocultural Learning Theory ◽  
Sociocultural Learning ◽  
Learning Satisfaction ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Micro Level

The purpose of this chapter, which uses sociocultural learning theory as its framework and a mixed-methods study design, is to understand the differences between personal culture orientation and online learning satisfaction by examining culture at the macro and micro level in an online learning environment. More specifically, this chapter examines the cultural orientation differences among graduate students enrolled in at least one online course in the fall of 2011 at a Western institution of higher education and how these cultural differences impact their level of satisfaction with online learning. Both quantitative and qualitative data is collected, respectively, via surveys, and interviews indicate that, although culture does not directly affect satisfaction, there is a need to raise awareness about the critical factors that may affect online learning experience and to provide guidance for practice and future research.

scholarly journals Self-construal and cultural orientation as predictors for developmental goals: A comparison between Brazilian and German caregivers

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Friedlmeier ◽  
Esther Schäfermeier ◽  
Vera Vasconcellos ◽  
Gisela Trommsdorff
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Orientation ◽  
Self Construal

scholarly journals Understanding the Relationship Between Perceived Authenticity and Well-Being

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace N. Rivera ◽  
Andrew G. Christy ◽  
Jinhyung Kim ◽  
Matthew Vess ◽  
Joshua A. Hicks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Future Research ◽  
True Self ◽  
Lay Theory ◽  
Central Tenet ◽  
The Relationship

A central tenet of many prominent philosophical and psychological traditions is that personal authenticity facilitates psychological well-being. This idea, however, is at odds with numerous perspectives arguing that it is difficult, if not impossible, to really know one's self, or the true self may not even exist. Moreover, empirical findings suggest that reports of authenticity are often contaminated by positively valenced behavior, further potentially undermining the validity of authenticity measures. Despite these concerns, we argue that subjective feelings of authenticity do uniquely contribute to well-being. Specifically, we argue that the relationship between perceived authenticity and well-being may be understood from a social-cognitive lay theory perspective that we label “true-self-as-guide,” that suggests people use these feelings of authenticity as a cue to evaluate whether they are living up to a shared cultural value of what it means to live a good life. We end with a call for future research on the antecedents of perceived authenticity, boundary conditions for the consequences of personal authenticity, and discuss cultural differences in true-self-as-guide lay theories.

Traditional dispute resolution in Micronesia

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick M. Wolff ◽  
O. Randall Braman
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Family Involvement ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Individualism And Collectivism ◽  
Traditional Approaches

AbstractTraditional approaches to dispute resolution in Micronesia offer elements of reconciliation that are practical and essential for maintaining peaceful relationships on a small island. These elements include family involvement, ritualistic processes, symbolism, mediation, and restitution. Using information gathered through interviews and an observation of a simulation, and by reviewing literature related to cultural differences in general, this paper introduces these elements, describes their application in real life and ceremonial events, and discusses theoretical connections with the cultural dimension of individualism and collectivism. In conclusion, the authors encourage a heightened awareness, further research, and continued practice of traditional Micronesian approaches to dispute resolution.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document