scholarly journals Doctor of geography Petro Oryshkevych (1909–1982): the way of life and scientific heritage

2018 ◽  
pp. 283-292
Author(s):  
Oksana Stetsyuk
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Scientific Society ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
World War ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Second World

After the Second World War, many Ukrainian intellectuals were forced to leave their native land, but they still remained as true patriots of their land and had carried out Ukrainian research studies. The article is devoted to the activity of famous Ukrainian researcher who lived in the USA – Petro Oryshkevych (1909–1982) – a doctor of geography, a teacher, a public figure, director of the Taras Shevchenko School of Ukrainian Studies of Greater Washington, a correspondent member and secretary of the Branch of the Shevchenko Scientific Society in Washington. The main achievements of the scientist in publishing activities were illuminated. The article describes Peter Oryshkevych as a teacher in many educational institutions of different countries: gymnasiums, seminary, trade and high schools in Peremyshl, Lviv, Zolochiv, Dillingen (Germany), Washington (USA). The contribution of Petro Oryshkevych in the creation (in 1957) and development of the Branch of the Scientific Society of Taras Shevchenko in Washington, where he was a Corresponding Member and Secretary of the Branch, is highlighted. The role of Petro Oryshkevych in the development of the Taras Shevchenko School of Ukrainian Studies of Greater Washington is described. The description of the most important researcher’s works, which concern the learning of geography of Ukraine, and his scientific activity in emigration in the USA were given. In particular, the main works of the scientist were considered. Among them are Ukrainians of Zasyannya (1962), Introductory Geography of Ukraine and Ukrainian Settlements (1974), Geography of Ukrainians (Rusyny) of Great Washington (1981). Petro Oryshkevych had left a remarkable trace in Ukrainian geography. His scientific research is widely known both among Ukrainians abroad and in Ukraine. Key words: Petro Oryshkevych, Ukrainian studies, Schools of Ukrainian studies, Shevchenko Scientific Society, schooling, Foreign Ukrainians, diaspora.

scholarly journals Pages of the life of M.V. Timofeev-Ressovsky in the material historical sources

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Ya. B. Blume ◽  
Yu. V. Barshteyn
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Telephone Card ◽  
Second World

Aim. To investigate and to enter into scientific circulation material historical sources related to the biography of M.V. Timofeev-ResSovsky. Methods. The paper used both general scientific (historical, logical) and special (subject-chronological, retrospective) methods. Results and discussion. The role of Kyiv in shaping the future scientific vocation of M.V. Timofeev-Ressovsky, the work of a scientist in Germany and the reasons why he did not return to the USSR in the late 1930s, outlines the facts of Timofeev-Ressovsky life after the Second World War. The scientific activity of scientist has been briefly analyzed. Conclusions. The analysis of material historical sources made it possible to investigate and bring into scientific circulation the objects of phaleristics, numismatics (medallic art), philately and a rather rare object of collecting – telephone cards of the Russian Empire, the USSR, Russia, the former GDR and Germany, to tell about some pages of the biography of M.V. Timofeev-Ressovsky. Keywords: M.V. Timofeev-Ressovsky, history of biology, phaleristics, numismatics, philately, telephone card.

scholarly journals The role of ethnicity in psychopharmacology

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Second World ◽  
Psychopharmacological Agents ◽  
Migrant Groups

The association between ethnicity and pharmacology has been reported in the medical literature for several decades. However, the relationship between ethnicity and psychopharmacology has become widely recognised only in the last two or three decades. The large-scale migration which started after the Second World War, at first to the USA and more recently to other higher-income countries, as a result of globalisation, has greatly contributed to the attention and focus given to these migrant groups. In this context, these migrant groups primarily comprise ethnic and racial minority groups. This article briefly reviews the relationship between ethnicity and psychopharmacological agents.

scholarly journals YURI SHEVELIOV IN THE PROCESSES OF CONSOLIDATION OF UKRAINIAN INTELLIGENTSIIA DURING THE PERIOD OF UKRAINIAN ART MOVEMENT ACTIVITY

2018 ◽  
pp. 118-123
Author(s):  
Serhiy Denysiuk
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Movement Activity ◽  
Literary Publishing ◽  
History Of ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Second World

In article is investigated role of famous Ukrainian scientist Yu. Shevelоv in the creation and activities of the unification of Ukrainian writers on emigration after the Second World War – Ukrainian Art Movement (1945-1948). The focus is on those events that Yu. Shevelоv together with his associates conducted for the organization of diverse forces of the Ukrainian creative intelligentsia in difficult conditions of separation from the Motherland.It is proved that the researcher pledged special hopes on the national-organic style as a consolidating factor of Ukrainian literary and artistic life. His main provisions are Yu. Shevelоv as one of the leading ideologues of UAM developed during the existence of this association. The idea of a national-organic style triggered a heated discussion in the Ukrainian emigration environment. The essence is highlighted differences in views on the national-organic style between Yu. Shevelov and his opponents is highlighted, the most famous of which was Volodymyr Derzhavin. It is noted large extent thanks to the efforts of Yu. Shevelov, the Ukrainian Art Movement activity in a relatively short time launched a large-scale literary, publishing and scientific activity and became an important milestone in the history of Ukrainian culture. Y. Shevelov had no doubt, that Ukraine have been always recognized as a part of Europe. But primitive mechanical imitation of foreign samples leads only to provinciality, because the main point of the province is, that it doesn’t create, but follows the capital. It is important, that, in searching internal unity of Ukrainian art and Ukrainian nation, Y. Shevelov suggested his own conception of national-organic style and tried to convince others of his truth. All activity of Y. Shevelov during the period of existence of Ukrainian Art Movement have been directed on uniting of different literary currents, trends and writers to create modern Ukrainian literature, which could satisfy with the modern requirements.

Fitness for Modernity? The YMCA and physical-education schemes in late-colonial South Asia (circa1900–40)

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 512-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
HARALD FISCHER-TINÉ
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
South Asia ◽  
South Asians ◽  
The United States ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Colonial Discourse ◽  
World War ◽  
Second World

AbstractFocusing particularly on the Madras College of Physical Education opened in 1919, this article reconstructs the role of the United States of America-dominated Indian Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) in the spread of physical-education schemes in South Asia between the beginning of the century and the outbreak of the Second World War. American YMCA secretaries stressed the scientific, liberal, and egalitarian character of their ‘physical programme’ aiming at the training of responsible and self-controlled citizens and therefore supposedly offering an alternative to British imperial sports. The study demonstrates that the Y indeed exercised a considerable influence by acting as adviser to provincial and ‘princely’ governments as well as through the graduates of the Madras College of Physical Education (MCPE), many of whom became physical directors in educational institutions in India, Burma, Ceylon and other Asian countries. At the same time, it also makes clear that North American models could not be transplanted in a simple or straightforward manner to South Asian contexts. For one, in spite of its representation as a ‘school for democracy’, the Y's supposedly inclusive and emancipatory discourses and practices of physical fitness remained over-determined by the powerful influences of the colonial discourse of race, and the programme of the Indian Y continued to be rife with the imperial tropes ofsomatic Orientalismpredicated on the idea of fundamental difference between Westerners and South Asians. Likewise, the Y's sports mission turned out to be lessAmericanthan its advocates had hoped: ‘sportified’ versions of local games and physical exercises played an ever-increasing role in the numerous institutions of the Y in South Asia, leading eventually to a thorough ‘pidginization’ of its fitness regime.

Transnational Soldiers and Guerrilla Warfare from the Spanish Civil War to the Second World War

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-407
Author(s):  
Jorge Marco
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Guerrilla Warfare ◽  
Russian Civil War ◽  
World War ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Intermediary Role ◽  
Second World

This article analyses how military institutions incorporated innovations in their tactics using the intermediary role of transnational soldiers in the Spanish Civil War. The Soviet experience of guerrilla warfare during the Russian Civil War was transferred to foreign volunteers during the war in Spain thanks to the collaboration of Soviet experts advising the Spanish Republican Army. After the war, these soldiers’ knowledge and experience of guerrilla warfare were invaluable to the Allied Armies during the Second World War. This article analyses the role of International Brigaders in the OSS in the USA, North Africa, and Europe during the Second World War.

The Nonviolent Struggle for Indian Freedom, 1905-19

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hardiman
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Passive Resistance ◽  
Civil Resistance ◽  
Political Concept ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World ◽  
Moral Stance

Much of the recent surge in writing about the practice of nonviolent forms of resistance has focused on movements that occurred after the end of the Second World War, many of which have been extremely successful. Although the fact that such a method of civil resistance was developed in its modern form by Indians is acknowledged in this writing, there has not until now been an authoritative history of the role of Indians in the evolution of the phenomenon.The book argues that while nonviolence is associated above all with the towering figure of Mahatma Gandhi, 'passive resistance' was already being practiced as a form of civil protest by nationalists in British-ruled India, though there was no principled commitment to nonviolence as such. The emphasis was on efficacy, rather than the ethics of such protest. It was Gandhi, first in South Africa and then in India, who evolved a technique that he called 'satyagraha'. He envisaged this as primarily a moral stance, though it had a highly practical impact. From 1915 onwards, he sought to root his practice in terms of the concept of ahimsa, a Sanskrit term that he translated as ‘nonviolence’. His endeavors saw 'nonviolence' forged as both a new word in the English language, and as a new political concept. This book conveys in vivid detail exactly what such nonviolence entailed, and the formidable difficulties that the pioneers of such resistance encountered in the years 1905-19.

Implications

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Edele
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Soviet Regime ◽  
World War ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Middle Position ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
War Effort ◽  
Second World

This chapter turns to the present and explains the implications of the current study for the ongoing debate about the Soviet Union in the Second World War and in particular about the role of loyalty and disloyalty in the Soviet war effort. It argues that this study strengthens those who argue for a middle position: the majority of Soviet citizens were neither unquestioningly loyal to the Stalinist regime nor convinced resisters. The majority, instead, saw their interests as distinct from both the German and the Soviet regime. Nevertheless, ideology remains important if we want to understand why in the Soviet Union more resisted or collaborated than elsewhere in Europe and Asia.

Memory and identity: intergenerational narratives of violence among refugees in Serbia

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1065-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mila Dragojević
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Political Mobilization ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Cycle Of Violence ◽  
World War ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Second World

This article examines the role of the intergenerational memory of the Second World War (WWII) in identity formation and political mobilization. An existing explanation in the ethnic-conflict literature is that strategic political leaders play a crucial role in constructing and mobilizing ethnic identities. However, based on 114 open-ended interviews with individuals born in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Croatia, conducted in Serbia during 2008–2011, nearly a third of the respondents make spontaneous references to WWII in their statements, usually drawing parallels between the cycle of violence in the 1990s and that in the 1940s. The question this article asks, then, is why some respondents make references to WWII spontaneously while others do not. It is argued that intergenerational narratives of past cycles of violence also constitute a process of identity formation, in addition to, or apart from, other processes of identity formation. The respondents mention WWII violence in the context of the 1990s events because they “recognize” elements, such as symbols, discourse or patterns of violence, similar to those in the intergenerational narratives and interpret them as warning signs. Hence, individuals who had previously been exposed to intergenerational narratives may be subsequently more susceptible to political mobilization efforts.

scholarly journals Italian Astronomers in the IAU: the contribution and role of Italian astronomers from the foundation to the Second World War

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (S349) ◽  
pp. 248-255
Author(s):  
V. Zanini ◽  
M. Gargano ◽  
A. Gasperini
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
World War ◽  
International Scientific Community ◽  
Historical Archives ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Recent Project ◽  
First Time ◽  
Second World

AbstractEven though Italy officially joined the IAU in 1921, Italian astronomers were involved in its birth as early as 1919, when Annibale Riccò, Director of the Astrophysical Observatory of Catania, proposed to the IAU Committee to hold its first General Assembly in Rome. This contribution will analyze the role played by Italian astronomers in the development of the IAU from its foundation to the Second World War. The recent project of reordering of the astronomical historical archives in Italy permits for the first time a more in-depth study of the relations between Italian astronomers and the international scientific community.

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