scholarly journals Glycemic control in children and young adults with different types of diabetes mellitus in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
E. V. Globa ◽  
N. B. Zelinska
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Monogenic Diabetes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pathogenetic Therapy ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
Type 1 Dm ◽  
First Time

Introduction. Until recently, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) has not been studied in children with different types of diabetes mellitus (DM). With the development of molecular genetics, new types of diabetes have been diagnosed, including neonatal (ND) and maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY), which usually require specific pathogenetic therapy, including sulfonylureas (SU), which improve glycemic control in patients with certain mutations. The aim of this study, which was conducted for the first time in Ukraine, was to analyze glycemic control in patients with different types of DM, including ND and MODY and changing their treatment after genetic testing. Materials and methods. We studied conducted the analysis of glycemic control in patients depending on the type of diabetes, namely: type 1 diabetes (n = 9282), type 2 diabetes (n = 23), ND (n = 16) with mutations KCNJ11, ABCC8 and MODY (n = 16) with mutations in HNF1A/HNF4A and ABCC8 genes. To confirm the nature of monogenic diabetes, targeting next-generation sequencing (tNGS) of all known neonatal and monogenic diabetes genes was performed. Results. According to the Register in 2018, in Ukraine the average age of children with type 1 DM was 11.5 ± 1.4 years, and the level of HbA1c was unsatisfactory (8.8 ± 2.01 %). The proportion of children who had ideal or optimal glycemic control (HbA1c

scholarly journals Number of cases of type 1 and 2 diabetes diagnosed in Amapá between 2007 and 2012

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Kauê de Melo Souza ◽  
Lucas Facco ◽  
Amanda Alves Fecury ◽  
Maria Helena Mendonça de Araújo ◽  
Euzébio de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Main Risk Factor ◽  
Food Education ◽  
Different Types

Diabetes mellitus is a succession of different types of disorders in metabolism that are characterized by causing a high rate of blood sugar. Because it is a disease with genetic factors type 1 diabetes has as main risk factor heredity, while type 2 diabetes besides these factors, includes obesity, high blood pressure, poor food education and advancing age. This study aims to show the number of cases of type 1 and 2 diabetes diagnosed in Amapá with the variables gender, age group, sedentary lifestyle, overweight, smoking, between 2007 and 2012. The data for the research were taken from the computer department of SUS, DATASUS (http://datasus.saude.gov.br). Type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (DM1 and DM2) are diseases that are tied to disturbances in production or in the efficient use of insulin. Smoking, as well as sedentary lifestyle and overweight are important risk factors for the development of DM2. Type 2 diabetes mellitus provides the development of various organic nerve lesions. In addition, DM2, through its chronicity, enables the development of retinopathies, nephropathies and other conditions negative to the individual’s health.

Associations between Diabetes Mellitus and Nontuberculous Mycobacterium-Caused Diseases in Taiwan: A Nationwide Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jui-Yang Wang ◽  
Hsin-Chung Lin ◽  
Hsin-An Lin ◽  
Chi-Hsiang Chung ◽  
Lih-Chyang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Nontuberculous Mycobacterium ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Type 1 Dm

Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at greater risk of developing active tuberculosis and other intracellular bacterial infections, although the risk of acquiring infections from nontuberculous Mycobacterium (NTM) remains undefined. This study evaluated associations between DM and incidence of NTM infection-caused pulmonary and cutaneous diseases. Data for DM patients were extracted from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. The DM cohort included 136,736 patients, and cases were matched randomly by age, gender, and index year with non-DM patients. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios of incident NTM-caused diseases in the DM cohort compared with non-DM control subjects. The frequency of incident NTM-caused diseases was significantly greater in DM patients (0.12%) than in non-DM patients (0.08%) (P < 0.05), including patients with type 1 DM (0.12%) and type 2 DM (0.12%) (all P < 0.05). Adjusted multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the incidence of NTM-caused diseases in DM patients was 1.43-fold greater than that in non-DM patients overall (P < 0.05), particularly in pulmonary (1.13-fold), other specific (excluding pulmonary, cutaneous, and disseminated diseases; 3.88-fold), and unspecific (atypical NTM infection; 1.54-fold) diseases (all P < 0.05). In conclusion, both type 1 DM and type 2 DM patients have high risk of NTM-caused diseases, suggesting that physicians need to pay more attention to this issue concerning the high risk of NTM-caused infection in DM patients.

scholarly journals Activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes by insulin and GAD in patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 758-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borros Arneth
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocytes ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Whole Blood Samples ◽  
Type 1 Dm

Background The origin of autoimmune disease type 1 diabetes is still unknown. Aim This study assessed the activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes by human insulin and human glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and healthy volunteers. Materials and methods The expression of CD69, a marker of T-lymphocyte activity, was determined in whole blood samples by flow cytometry after 12 h of incubation with or without insulin or GAD. The analysis included samples from 12 type 1 DM patients, 14 type 2 DM patients and 12 healthy volunteers. Results Significant increases in the number of activated CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes following pre-incubation of whole blood samples with human insulin or GAD were observed in samples from patients with type 1 DM, whereas no activation of these cells was detected in samples from either type 2 DM patients or healthy subjects. Discussion These results indicated that latent pre-activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes in response to insulin or GAD epitopes occurred in type 1 DM patients. Conclusion These findings suggest that pre-immunization against insulin and/or GAD might be associated with the development of type 1 DM. Alternatively, these results might reflect a non-specific, bystander autoimmune response.

Neonatal Diabetes – From Gene Discovery yo Clinical Practice Changes

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-352
Author(s):  
Cristian Guja ◽  
Loreta Guja ◽  
Constantin Ionescu-Tîrgovişte
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Neonatal Diabetes ◽  
Monogenic Diabetes ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Sulphonylurea Treatment ◽  
The Common

Abstract Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic diseases but also one of the most heterogeneous. Apart the common phenotypes of type 1 and type 2 diabetes, around 1-2% of all cases arise from a single gene mutation and are known as monogenic diabetes. Diabetes diagnosed within the first 6 months of life is known as neonatal diabetes and has been extensively studied during the last two decades. Unraveling the genetic cause and molecular mechanism of this rare diabetes phenotype led to a dramatic change in the treatment of these children who often can be switched from insulin to sulphonylurea treatment. The aim of this paper is to review the known genetic causes of neonatal diabetes and to highlight the most recent aspects of the disease caused by mutations in the KATP and insulin genes, with a special focus on the individualized treatment of these cases

scholarly journals Treatment with Mammalian Ste-20-like Kinase 1/2 (MST1/2) Inhibitor XMU-MP-1 Improves Glucose Tolerance in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Mice

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (19) ◽  
pp. 4381
Author(s):  
Zakiyatul Faizah ◽  
Bella Amanda ◽  
Faisal Yusuf Ashari ◽  
Efta Triastuti ◽  
Rebecca Oxtoby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cells ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Type 1 Dm

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the major causes of death in the world. There are two types of DM—type 1 DM and type 2 DM. Type 1 DM can only be treated by insulin injection whereas type 2 DM is commonly treated using anti-hyperglycemic agents. Despite its effectiveness in controlling blood glucose level, this therapeutic approach is not able to reduce the decline in the number of functional pancreatic β cells. MST1 is a strong pro-apoptotic kinase that is expressed in pancreatic β cells. It induces β cell death and impairs insulin secretion. Recently, a potent and specific inhibitor for MST1, called XMU-MP-1, was identified and characterized. We hypothesized that treatment with XMU-MP-1 would produce beneficial effects by improving the survival and function of the pancreatic β cells. We used INS-1 cells and STZ-induced diabetic mice as in vitro and in vivo models to test the effect of XMU-MP-1 treatment. We found that XMU-MP-1 inhibited MST1/2 activity in INS-1 cells. Moreover, treatment with XMU-MP-1 produced a beneficial effect in improving glucose tolerance in the STZ-induced diabetic mouse model. Histological analysis indicated that XMU-MP-1 increased the number of pancreatic β cells and enhanced Langerhans islet area in the severe diabetic mice. Overall, this study showed that MST1 could become a promising therapeutic target for diabetes mellitus.

Effect of basic periodontal treatment on glycemic control and inflammation in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2: controlled clinical trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-449
Author(s):  
Claudia Camila Peruzzo Lopes ◽  
Priscila do Monte Ribeiro Busato ◽  
Maira Fernanda Michelin Mânica ◽  
Marcela Chiquetto de Araújo ◽  
Muriel Machado Marquez Zampiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Periodontal Treatment ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

scholarly journals Helicobacter pyloriInfection Is Associated with Type 2 Diabetes, Not Type 1 Diabetes: An Updated Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Zhen Li ◽  
Jie-Yao Li ◽  
Ting-Feng Wu ◽  
Ji-Hao Xu ◽  
Can-Ze Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Knowledge Database ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
The Difference ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Type 1 Dm

Background. Extragastric manifestations ofHelicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection have been reported in many diseases. However, there are still controversies about whetherH. pyloriinfection is associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). This study was aimed at answering the question.Methods. A systematic search of the literature from January 1996 to January 2016 was conducted in PubMed, Embase databases, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Wanfang Data, China national knowledge database, and SinoMed. Published studies reportingH. pyloriinfection in both DM and non-DM individuals were recruited.Results. 79 studies with 57,397 individuals were included in this meta-analysis. The prevalence ofH. pyloriinfection in DM group (54.9%) was significantly higher than that (47.5%) in non-DM group (OR = 1.69,P<0.001). The difference was significant in comparison between type 2 DM group and non-DM group (OR = 2.05), but not in that between type 1 DM group and non-DM group (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 0.77–1.96,P=0.38).Conclusion. Our meta-analysis suggested that there is significantly higher prevalence ofH. pyloriinfection in DM patients as compared to non-DM individuals. And the difference is associated with type 2 DM but not type 1 DM.

scholarly journals Study of cutaneous manifestations of type 2 diabetes mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Yoganand J. Phulari ◽  
Vidisha Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Skin Manifestations ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Type 1 Dm

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Poorly controlled Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with several disorders and microvascular, macrovascular and neuropathic complications. Multiple factors play a role in the manifestations of cutaneous signs of DM. The prevalence of a cutaneous disorder appears to be similar between Type 1 DM and Type 2 DM patients, but Type 2 DM patients develop more frequent cutaneous infections, and Type 1 DM patients manifest more autoimmune-type  cutaneous lesions. The objective of the study was to assess the various cutaneous manifestations of Type 2 DM and the relation of cutaneous manifestations with the duration of Type 2 DM.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> All patients of Type 2 DM, of age group 20 and above, of both sexes, attending   OPD or IPD at Dr. D. Y. Patil  Hospital, Kolhapur  willing to give written informed consent, were included for the study between August 2014 – July 2016. Complete history and examination of all the patients with regards to onset of cutaneous manifestations was taken.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Majority (49%) of respondents were in the age group of 41 to 60 years, and majority (66%) were males. 57.5% were new cases and 42.5% were known cases. Duration of illness- majority 50.58% were &lt;5 years, 27.05% in 6 to 10 years. In present study there were 61% who had infectious skin manifestations and 39% who had non-infectious skin manifestations. Out of infectious manifestations 39.5% had fungal infection<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Therefore on the basis of present study, we conclude that the skin is involved in DM quite often. The manifestations are numerous and varied and many a times they can serve as diagnostic marker for underlying DM. Whenever patients present with multiple skin manifestations, their diabetic status should be checked. The recognition of these skin findings is the key to treatment and prevention<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document