scholarly journals La visión responsable de Javier Marías: una narrativa entre el pensamiento literario de Julián Marías y la literatura como reconocimiento de Marcel Proust

2020 ◽  
pp. 215-244
Author(s):  
Santiago Bertrán
Keyword(s):  
Creative Writing ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Marcel Proust ◽  
The Other ◽  
Jose Ortega Y Gasset ◽  
Visual Poetics ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
Siglo Xx

Este artículo explora los aspectos filosóficos y éticos de la literatura de Javier Marías a la luz de la filosofía de Julián Marías y la literatura de Marcel Proust. Las ficciones de Javier Marías nos presentan una serie de personajes que se demuestran como agudos observadores que interpretan el mundo para entenderlo mejor y para orientarse en él. Este artículo defiende el argumento que esta tarea hermenéutica se extiende también a la propia poética de Javier Marías, la cual refleja dos conceptos esenciales no del todo bien estudiados hasta la fecha: por una parte, lo que Marías, tomando prestado un término de su padre, Julián Marías, denomina "pensamiento literario", un concepto que entiende la escritura como una de las herramientas más poderosas que tiene el autor de explorar y entender la realidad; por otra parte, el concepto de "reconocimiento", una noción muy próxima a la poética de Marcel Proust que describe la experiencia cognitiva por la cual el lector 'se ve' o 'se reconoce' a sí mismo en la narración. Al investigar estas poéticas visuales y sus implicaciones éticas se descubre el contexto metafísico y ontológico al cual se aproxima la obra mariesca, que no es otro que el paradigma filosófico de la "realidad radical" establecido por Ortega y Gasset a comienzos del siglo XX.   This article examines the ethical and philosophical aspects of Javier Marías’s literature in light of the philosophy of Julián Marías and the poetics of Marcel Proust. Javier Marías’s fictions famously present us with a series of characters that prove to be acute observers, interpreting the world both to understand it better and to orientate themselves within it. I argue that this hermeneutical approach extends to Marías’s poetics, which reflect two main concepts not yet well studied: on the one hand, what Marías, borrowing a term from his father, the philosopher Julián Marías, calls ‘pensamiento literario’, which describes creative writing as one of the most powerful tools the author has to explore and understand reality; and on the other, his idea of ‘reconocimiento’, a concept which echoes Marcel Proust’s poetics and which defines the sympathetic process by which the reader ‘sees’ or ‘recognises’ him or herself in the narrative. In investigating these ‘visual’ poetics and their ethical implications, we will discover the metaphysical and ontological context intrinsic to Marías’s narrative, which is based on the philosophical paradigm of the ‘realidad radical’ established by José Ortega y Gasset at the beginning of the 20th Century.

scholarly journals LA TRADICIÓN CLÁSICA EN LA OBRA DE FERNANDO PESSOA

2004 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Swiderski
Keyword(s):  
Classical Tradition ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Formal Models ◽  
Fernando Pessoa ◽  
The One ◽  
Siglo Xx

O regresso de Pessoa às fontes clássicas seguiu duas direções, que neste artigo procuro identificar e analisar. De um lado, foi uma das bases de suas utopias estéticas e políticas, que expressou através de revistas, movimentos e profecias de regeneração; de outro, é relevante na produção do seu heterônimo Ricardo Reis, quem, em pleno século XX, recupera nas Odes os moldes formais e os temas de Horácio. Resumen El regreso a las fuentes clásicas que Pessoa impulsó siguió dos direcciones, que en este artículo intento identificar y analizar. Por un lado, fue una de las bases de sus utopías estéticas y políticas, que expresó a través de revistas, movimientos y profecías de regeneración; por otro, es fundamental en la producción de su heterónimo Ricardo Reis, quien, en pleno siglo XX, recupera en sus Odes los moldes formales y temáticos de Horacio. Classical tradition in Fernando Pessoa’s works Abstract This article attempts to identify and analyze the influence of classical tradition in Pessoa in two ways. On the one hand, it functions as one of the bases for his aesthetic and political utopias revealed in magazines, movements, and regeneration prophecies. On the other, it is relevant to the production under the pseudonym Ricardo Reis who, in the 20th century, restores the formal models and Horace’s themes through the Odes.

scholarly journals Eesti- ja Liivimaa libahundipärimus rahvapärase ontoloogia muutumise peegeldajana

Mäetagused ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 71-88
Author(s):  
Merili Metsvahi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article gives a short overview of the Estonian werewolf tradition in the 16th and 17th centuries and a glimpse into the 19th–20th-century werewolf beliefs. The image of werewolf of the earlier and later periods is compared. The differences between the images of these two periods are explained with the help of the approaches of Tim Ingold and Philipp Descola, which ground the changes in the worldview taking place together with the shift from the pre-modern society into modernity. The mental world of the 16th–17th-century Estonian and Livonian peasant did not encompass the category of nature, and the borders between the human being and the animal on the one side and organism and environment on the other side were not so rigid as they are in today’s people’s comprehension of the world. The ability to change into a wolf was seen as an added possibility of acquiring new experiences and benefits. As the popular ontology had changed by the second half of the 19th century – the human mind was raised into the ultimate position and the animal was comprehended as being inferior – the transformation of a man into an animal, if it was seriously taken at all, seemed to be strange and unnatural.

scholarly journals Scientific Haze

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran Mijic
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Visual Representation ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Horizons ◽  
Symbolic Representations ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

This essay concentrates on scientific-rationalist discourses entering massively the realm of literature at the beginning of the 20th century. They open new horizons revealing phenomena unknown before on the one side, but they also obscure the world around us providing convenient screen from painful truths on the other. This paper tries to demonstrate how technological discourses move the reader from a highly visual receptive position to a pure cognitive realm of symbolic representations with its own dynamics. The scientific-rationalist discourses produce a new parallel reality, a scientific haze tending to withdraw from visual representation.

Autonomie und Unheimlichkeit

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Uncanny ◽  
Technological Control ◽  
The World ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
The One ◽  
Self Learning ◽  
Radical Transformation

Is technological control taking the place of what appeared uncannily uncontrollable? Or is it itself becoming uncanny? Two seemingly contradictory narratives have shaped the history and theory of technology. The narrative of disenchantment describes how nature, experienced as something foreign and dangerous, was tamed by becoming scientific and mechanised. Secondly, the narrative of (re-)enchantment recounts how artefacts and technological possibilities become uncanny, especially by way of their seeming independence and by confronting us with an ‘autonomous’ logic of their own. In today's debates about self-learning, ubiquitous, invisible and opaque technologies, the uncanny moment resonates of a technology with ‘a life of its own’. Following up on the mechanisation and automation discourses of the 20th century, this contributes to the ‘demonisation’ of technology. On the one hand, technology makes the world familiar and comprehensible, e.g. by equating understanding with technical reconstruction. On the other hand, the technical reproduction of the world – or its radical transformation into an alienated one – is experienced as something disturbing. When artefacts appear to do ‘what they want’ or when large technical systems shape the world according to their ‘own logic’, a limit is reached that was already mentioned by Freud – we become uncertain whether we are still living in the modern world at all.

scholarly journals Dotykalna trauma: o geście artystycznym Brachy L. Ettinger

2019 ◽  
pp. 138-162
Author(s):  
Anna Kisiel
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Events ◽  
The Other ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
The World ◽  
Aesthetic Practice ◽  
Similar Path ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The One

The article focuses on both theoretical and artistic activities of Bracha L. Ettinger, an Israeli artist, author of the matrixial theory, psychoanalyst, feminist, and daughter of Holocaust survivors. It endeavours to prove that Ettinger’s artistic gesture – on the one hand – stands for almost-borderless closeness to traumatic events and – on the other hand – may occasion the viewer’s suspension between such notions as now and then or presence and absence. To specify, it attempts to demonstrate that gesture can move the viewer towards the traumatic experience of the Other. As Ettinger herself admits that in her case art and theory are strongly interconnected, this article follows a similar path, trying to show how these two instances affect each other in a productive way. The article begins with an introduction to Ettinger’s artistic technique, the notion of trauma(s) in her oeuvre, and the matrixial take on memory. It moves on to the interpretation of chosen paintings from Ettinger’s most famous series, Eurydice, based on the 1942 picture of the execution of naked women in the Mizocz ghetto, and of selected works of art with a mother theme; these artworks are read through the prism of, among others, the trauma of the World and the fort/da game. Lastly, the article hints at ethical implications of chosen Ettingerian concepts that apply to the aesthetic practice.

scholarly journals INICIATIVAS PARA DAR VALOR A LA HUERTA DEL BAJO SEGURA. ANÁLISIS DEL PROYECTO “LA VEGA BAJA INTERIOR DE LA COSTA BLANCA” (ALICANTE)

2020 ◽  
pp. 395-421
Author(s):  
Gregorio Canales Martínez ◽  
Gregorio Castejón Porcel
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Real Estate Development ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
The One ◽  
Vega Baja ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Siglo Xx

Las zonas regadas del Bajo Segura, y más concretamente el espacio emblemático de Huerta, fue objeto de una promoción urbanístico-inmobiliaria hasta la irrupción de la crisis económica de inicios del siglo XX. Un territorio con una marcada dualidad turística, por cuanto presenta un espacio litoral y prelitoral muy consolidado y dinámico, frente a un interior en el que la agricultura tiene un peso destacado y donde sus municipios, desde hace años, intentan acceder a este mercado. Objetivo perseguido mediante el desarrollo de políticas contrapuestas, ya que, por un lado, fomentan los enclaves turístico-residenciales y, por otro, apuestan por la promoción cultural de su paisaje de regadío más característico. El estudio aborda este último planteamiento y analiza el intento fallido de creación de un producto con incidencia directa en las áreas agrícolas de la comarca basado, fundamentalmente, en el conocimiento y la experiencia. The irrigated areas of Bajo Segura, and more specifically the emblematic area of ​​Huerta, have been the object of urban-real estate development until the onset of the economic crisis at the beginning of the 20th century. A territory with a marked tourist duality, inasmuch as it presents a very consolidated and dynamic coastal and pre-territorial space, compared to an interior in which agriculture has a prominent weight and where its municipalities, for years, have tried to access this market. Objective pursued through the development of opposing policies, since, on the one hand, they promote tourist-residential enclaves and, on the other, they bet on the cultural promotion of its most characteristic irrigated landscape. The study addresses this last approach and analyzes the failed attempt to create a product with a direct impact on the agricultural areas of the region based, fundamentally, on knowledge and experience.

scholarly journals “For Heaven to Bend to the Earth” or the Christian Thought in Vaižgantas’s Journalism

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (45) ◽  
pp. 86-97
Author(s):  
Gitana Vanagaitė
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Self Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Presence ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World ◽  
Temporal Reality ◽  
Christian Thought ◽  
The One

Literary theology, which began to form in the second half of the 20th century, opened up new possibilities for linking religion, literature, and personal experience. The journalistic articles of Juozas Tumas-Vaižgantas (1869–1933) show that, on the one hand, he understood the world in a crystcentric way. On the other hand, Vaižgantas’s thought was also shaped by modernity and the time he lived in, which inclined him to reject religion. By analysing Vaižgantas’s journalistic articles and letters to his relatives, this article argues that the writer’s modernity rests on the interaction of the two realities: the eternal reality of God and the temporal reality of man. Having managed to combine these two realities with his human presence, Vaižgantas has opened up to our culture the dynamics of this interaction, in which the Christian self-restraint and modern consciousness, acting as complementary parts, become an act of self-creation founded on rational will, which in turn is associated with self-control, moderation, determination, and renunciation of egoism.

“The Reign of God Has Come”: Eschatology and Empire in Late Antiquity and Early Islam

Arabica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 514-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Shoemaker
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Religious Policy ◽  
Early Islam ◽  
The World ◽  
Reign Of God ◽  
The One

For much of the 20th century, scholarship on Muḥammad and the beginnings of Islam has shown a reluctance to acknowledge the importance of imminent eschatology in earliest Islam. One of the main reasons for this resistance to eschatology would appear to be the undeniable importance of conquest and political expansion in early Islam: if Muḥammad and his followers believed that the world would soon come to an end, why then did they seek to conquer and rule over so much of it? Nevertheless, there is no real contradiction between the urgent eschatology revealed by the Qurʾān and other early sources on the one hand, and the determination of Muḥammad and his followers to expand their religious policy and establish an empire on the other. To the contrary, the political eschatology of the Byzantine Christians during the sixth and early seventh centuries indicates that these two beliefs went hand in hand, offering important contemporary precedent for the imperial eschatology that seems to have fueled the rise of Islam.

Indonesian Literature’s Position in World Literature

TEKNOSASTIK ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dina Amelia
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
National Literature ◽  
Western World ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
The Voice

There are two most inevitable issues on national literature, in this case Indonesian literature. First is the translation and the second is the standard of world literature. Can one speak for the other as a representative? Why is this representation matter? Does translation embody the voice of the represented? Without translation Indonesian literature cannot gain its recognition in world literature, yet, translation conveys the voice of other. In the case of production, publication, or distribution of Indonesian Literature to the world, translation works can be very beneficial. The position of Indonesian literature is as a part of world literature. The concept that the Western world should be the one who represent the subaltern can be overcome as long as the subaltern performs as the active speaker. If the subaltern remains silent then it means it allows the “representation” by the Western.

Simone de Beauvoir's Philosophy of Individuation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Hengehold
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Sexual Difference ◽  
Gilles Deleuze ◽  
The Other ◽  
Simone De Beauvoir ◽  
Second Sex ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World

Most studies of Simone de Beauvoir situate her with respect to Hegel and the tradition of 20th-century phenomenology begun by Husserl, Heidegger, and Merleau-Ponty. This book analyzes The Second Sex in light of the concepts of becoming, problematization, and the Other found in Gilles Deleuze. Reading Beauvoir through a Deleuzian lens allows more emphasis to be placed on Beauvoir's early interest in Bergson and Leibniz, and on the individuation of consciousness, a puzzle of continuing interest to both phenomenologists and Deleuzians. By engaging with the philosophical issues in her novels and student diaries, this book rethinks Beauvoir’s focus on recognition in The Second Sex in terms of women’s struggle to individuate themselves despite sexist forms of representation. It shows how specific forms of women’s “lived experience” can be understood as the result of habits conforming to and resisting this sexist “sense.” Later feminists put forward important criticisms regarding Beauvoir’s claims not to be a philosopher, as well as the value of sexual difference and the supposedly Eurocentric universalism of her thought. Deleuzians, on the other hand, might well object to her ideas about recognition. This book attempts to address those criticisms, while challenging the historicist assumptions behind many efforts to establish Beauvoir’s significance as a philosopher and feminist thinker. As a result, readers can establish a productive relationship between Beauvoir’s “problems” and those of women around the world who read her work under very different circumstances.

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