scholarly journals Multivariate analysis on blackgram genotypes for bruchine (Callosobruchus maculatus F.) resistance towards selection of parental lines

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1206-1213
Author(s):  
Ragul Subramaniyan ◽  
Manivannan Narayana ◽  
Iyanar Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Ganapathy Natarajan ◽  
Karthikeyan Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Hybridization Programme

Black gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) is one of the most important pulse crops in daily diets. However, black gram production and post-harvest preservation are still tedious due to the losses caused by the storage pest bruchine, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.), both quantitatively and qualitatively.   Hence, the present study involves the utilization of the multivariate analysis by effectively understanding variation among the genotypes based on their level of bruchine infestation. The multivariate studies indicated that the traits viz., the total number of adult emergence (AE), seed damage % (SD) and seed weight loss % (SWL) had more variation and with more significant correlation among them.  Also, these traits are the most influential principal component traits governing 88% of the variation among genotypes. The divergence analysis showed that the genotype TU 68 found in cluster II would have the potential to create the variation for bruchine infestation among the black gram genotypes involved in the study.  As it has scored lesser adult emergence (AE) (7 adults), seed damage % (SD) (14 %) and seed weight loss % (SWL) (17.79 %)  than the other genotypes. It shows the resistant nature of the genotype against bruchine beetles. Hence, TU 68 could be utilized in the future hybridization programme as a donor for bruchine resistance.

scholarly journals Efficacy of dodder vine extract as seed protectant against pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
MH Rahman ◽  
MA Ali ◽  
KS Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
Pulse Beetle ◽  
Developmental Performance

The experiment was conducted to find out the efficacy of dodder vine extract as seed protectant against pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis on gram seed in the laboratory of the Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period of February to May, 2009. The concentrations of dodder vine extract were 5, 2 and 1% respectively. Efficacies of these treatments were evaluated by considering oviposition, adult emergence, intensity of damage and seed weight loss done by pulse beetle. Dodder vine extract was found effective in checking oviposition, adult progeny development and severity of seed damage. Seeds treated with 5% concentration of dodder vine extract were less preferred for oviposition, adult emergence and seed weight loss by C. chinensis and this conc. might be useful in protection of pulse seed. Keywords: Dodder vine extract; Fecundity; Developmental performance; Seed weight loss; C. chinensis. DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v8i1.6395J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 8(1): 35-38, 2010

scholarly journals Effects of Garlic Clove, Neem and Eucalyptus Leaf Extract on Mating Behaviour, Oviposition and Adult Emergence of Pulse Beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Akter ◽  
N Nahar ◽  
M Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Mating Frequency ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Mating Duration ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
Pulse Beetle

Experiments were conducted in the laboratory to study the effects of garlic clove, neem and eucalyptus leaf extracts on mating behaviour, oviposition and adult emergence of pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus. Intensity of seed damage and weight loss of gram seeds were also recorded. The results showed that the mating frequency, mating duration, oviposition, adult emergence of pulse beetle and weight loss of gram seeds were reduced significantly after application of the extracts. Among the extracts, neem leaf extracts showed lowest mating frequency (1), mating duration (3.66 minutes), lowest number of laid eggs (27.33), adult emergence (11.67), seed damage (6.89%) and weight loss (2.53%). On the other hand, garlic clove extract showed highest mating frequency (1.67), mating duration (4.67 minutes), highest number of laid eggs (40.33), adult emergence (18.66), seed damage (9.63%) and weight loss (3.73%). In the same way eucalyptus leaf extract showed 2nd highest mating frequency (1.5), mating duration (4.5 minutes), eggs laid (38.67), adult emergence (15.67), seed damage (9.25) and seed weight loss (3.33%). Considering efficacy of all extracts, it was found that the order of toxicity was neem leaf extract>eucalyptus leaf extract> garlic clove extract.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v18i2.18164 Progress. Agric. 18(2): 93 - 97, 2007

scholarly journals Efficiency of Acalypha wilkesiana (Muell Arg.) leaf oil extract applied as a biocide against Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 171-180
Author(s):  
Mercy Olayinka Oni
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Economic Injury Level ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
Economic Injury ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Acalypha Wilkesiana ◽  
Oil Extract

The ethanolic oil extracts of Acalypha wilkesiana was assayed for its biotoxicity against the survival of Callosobruchus maculatus, immature stages, damage and seed weight-loss. The result was dosage and time of exposure dependent. The contact treatment revealed A. wilkesiana oil as an applicable biocide as it significantly (p < 0.05) affect the survival rate, suppressed oviposition and adult emergence of C. maculatus, hence reduced seed damage and weight-loss in grains below economic injury level. Contact treatment were the most toxic with LD50 values of 3.97 and 5.85 at 72 h, significantly lower (p < 0.05) than fumigant values 4.16 and 6.04, suggesting its isolation for future biocide study to establish the dose and mode of action for commercialization in crop protection.

Susceptibility of some cow peas to infestation and damage by the storage beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) (Goleoptera: Bruchidae)

1987 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. I. Ofuya
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Developmental Period ◽  
Test Period ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
100 Seed Weight

SummaryFourteen cow peas were tested for susceptibility to infestation and damage by Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) in the laboratory. IT81D-897 and Popse showed the lowest damage over a 3-month test period. 100-seed weight was not significantly correlated with seed damage.The developmental period of G. maculatus was significantly longer in IT81D-897 and Popse than in other cow peas tested. Percentage adult emergence and fecundity of females were also lowest in these two cow peas.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Susceptibility of the Seeds of Four Varieties of Vigna unguiculata against Callosobruchus maculatus Infestations

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Mala Tankam C. M. ◽  
Kekeunou Sevilor ◽  
Olina Bassala J. P. ◽  
Nukenine Nchiwan E.
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Susceptibility Index ◽  
Cowpea Varieties ◽  
Index Weight

Introduction: Post-harvest conservation remains a major challenge for most crops in developing countries. Among these is Cowpea one of the major legumes grown and consumed in the tropics and subtropics of countries. Callosobruchus maculatus infestations constitute are the most prominent threat for this particular crop. Objective: The present research aimed at evaluating the susceptibility of four cowpea varieties against infestations of C. maculatus. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the entomology laboratory of the cowpea section of the Regional Center for Agricultural Research of Maroua from November to December 2018. Methodology: The experiments were carried out based on the factorial experiment by randomized complete design with five replications. 40 seeds of each variety were put in contact with 5 pairs of bruchids. Results: The results show that the four cowpea varieties evaluated have different physical characteristics of the seeds. This variability would play an important role in inducing the ovipositional response of C. maculatus females. However, it is not enough on its own to explain the various degree of susceptibility to C.maculatus infestations. There was a positive perfect correlation between the number of adult emergence, growth index, weight loss, number of holes and Dobie susceptibility index. Also, BR-1 was found to be more resistant to C. maculatus followed by Lori-niébé, Vya and least resistance was observed in the Borno brown. The multiple regression analysis reveals that there is a negative relationship between mortality rate of developmental stages, weight loss, F1 offspring production, and seed susceptibility. Conclusion: The physical characteristics of the four cowpea varieties tested to affect the susceptibility of the grain to beetle attacks. A number of adult emergence, growth index, weight loss, and susceptibility index are the main indicators for the resistance of cowpea to C. maculatus damage. An analysis of the amino acids contained in the BR-1 is recommended for the introgression of its resistance alleles in susceptible varieties.

scholarly journals Evaluation of different plant oils against Lasioderma serricorne Fab. on fennel

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Rolania ◽  
M. C. Bhargawa
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Developmental Period ◽  
Plant Oils ◽  
Lasioderma Serricorne ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
Cent Mortality

A laboratory experiment was conducted during 2007-2008 at SKN Agricultural University, Jobner on evaluation of different plant oils viz., neem, karanj, mustard, groundnut, lemongrass and citronella oils (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 ml/100g seeds) and one chemical, malathion (0.025, 0.050 and 0.075 per cent) against Lasioderma serricorne on fennel seeds. The malathion at all concentrations was found to be most lethal, causing cent per cent mortality of adults. Neem oil was found to be most effective in increasing the developmental period (78.23 days) and reducing adult emergence (19.02 per cent), longevity of adult (male: 11.1 days and female: 12.0 days), seed damage (5.10 per cent), weight loss (2.60 per cent) followed by karanj and lemongrass oils at 1.0 ml/100g.

scholarly journals Fractionated Extracts From Gnidia kraussiana (Malvales: Thymeleaceae) as Bioactive Phytochemicals for Effective Management of Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Stored Vigna unguiculata (Fabales: Fabaceae) Seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Kosini ◽  
E N Nukenine ◽  
G A Agbor ◽  
A T Tchinda ◽  
J P Abdou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Botanical Insecticides ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
Acetone Extracts

Abstract One of the most important global problems is protecting food from insect pests. The negative effects of synthetic insecticides on human health led to a resurgence of interest in botanical insecticides due to their minimal ecological side effects. Therefore, the insecticidal potential of hexane, acetone, and methanol extracts of Gnidia kraussiana Meisn roots at 1 and 5g/kg, and neem seed oil (NSO), used as standard insecticide, were evaluated. Ovicidal and larvicidal toxicity was tested by treating freshly laid eggs and larvae at different immature stages of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.). Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) (L.) Walp seed damage and weight loss were assessed after a storage period of 4 mo. Repellency effects were detected in choice test using a linear olfactometer. All the fractions were toxic to C. maculatus; however, their bioactivities were inversely correlated with products polarity. Extracts proved to be more toxic than the commercial NSO. The acetone extract was more effective against immature stages of C. maculatus than the methanol extract; eggs, first-, and second-instar larvae being the more susceptible. No cowpea seed damage and weight loss were recorded from the seeds treated with hexane and acetone extracts at the dosage of 5 g/kg, after 4 mo of storage. Extracts evoked stronger repellency effects compared with the tested standard insecticide. According to the above, hexane and acetone extracts are good candidates for incorporation in integrated pest management programs for the control of C. maculatus in stored cowpea seeds.

scholarly journals Biopesticidal Management of Pulse Beetle (Callosobruchus Chinensis L) in Chickpea Seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. p184
Author(s):  
Md. Israfil Jahan ◽  
Masum Ahmad ◽  
Md. Sohanur Rahman ◽  
Fakhar Uddin Talukder
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Control Seed ◽  
Plant Powders ◽  
Pulse Beetle ◽  
Leaf Powder

The pesticidal efficacy of four locally available leaves of botanicals like neem (Azadirachta indica), datura (Datura stramonium),  marigold (Tagetes erecta) and garlic (Allium sativum L.) tablet powders was assessed on pulse bettle (Callosobruchus chinensis L) through adult mortality and emergence, oviposition performance, seed damage, weight loss and germination  of chickpea (Cicer arietinum). The above test biopesticides were tested at three different rates (0.5 g, 1.0 g and 1.50 g powder/kg of chickpea seeds). All the tested powder showed significant effect on the above parameters. The highest adult mortality was recorded when chickpea seeds were treated with datura leaf powder at 1.50 g/kg, whereas marigold showed the least effect on adult mortality. The powders used in the experiment effectively controlled oviposition and adult emergence of pulse beetle. The lowest number of adult emergence was obtained from chickpea seeds treated with datura leaf powder at 1.50 g/kg. The highest weight loss was observed in control seeds followed by marigold leaf powder 0.5 g/kg gram seeds. Datura leaf powder treated seeds showed the lowest seed weight loss followed by neem, garlic and marigold. Plant powders had profound effect on seed germination. The highest germination was observed in treated seed with datura leaf powder at 1.50 g/kg and the lowest germination in control seed followed by marigold leaf powder at 1.5 g/kg treated seeds. The pesticidal effect on oviposition, adult mortality, adult emergence, and seed weight loss was directly proportional to leaf powder rates.

The genetic evaluation of bruchid resistance in seed of cowpea

1983 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 707 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Redden ◽  
J McGuire
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Natural Rate ◽  
Percentage Loss ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Seed Resistance ◽  
Weight Number ◽  
Seed Testa

Seed resistance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) to bruchids at the F3 plant generation was assessed by various methods. The most discriminating variable for measurement of seed resistance was mean emergence day, followed by percentage of adult emergence up to an optimum time, then in descending order, percentage of undamaged seed, mean number of holes per seed and percentage loss in seed weight. The simplest reliable variable to use for assessment of resistance to bruchids was the percentage of undamaged seed with zero emergence holes. However, greater control and manipulation of egg laying on seeds would be required to obtain uniform infestation. Three (or less) eggs per seed is suggested as acceptable. Care, particularly on the uniformity of eggs laid, is necessary when using percentage seed weight loss as an index of resistance. The other variables are laborious to estimate. In general, seed weight, number of eggs per seed, seed testa texture and number of seeds per sample did not appear to influence estimates of resistance, with the exception of seed weight loss. The natural rate of increase of bruchids, which is a critical variable for measurement of resistance, was very difficult to estimate with consistency.

Growth and developmental responses of Callosobruchusmaculatus (F.) on various pulses

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupesh Sharma ◽  
Renu Devi ◽  
Anil Soni ◽  
Umesh Sharma ◽  
Sunita Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
Adult Longevity ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Life Period ◽  
Developmental Responses ◽  
Total Life

A laboratory experiment was conducted on the developmental biology of pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) on five different pulses viz., black gram, green gram, chickpea (Desi), cowpea and pea. Significantly highest numbers of eggs, shortest post-oviposition, adult longevity and total life periods was recorded on cowpea. The beetle laid maximum eggs (89.3) on cowpea and minimum on pea (50.7). Maximum eggs were laid on first day of oviposition and lasted for eight days. Hatching of eggs was maximum on green gram (98.1%) and minimum on cowpea (94.3%). The oviposition period, post-oviposition period, incubation period, larval-pupal period, total life period and adult longevity were in the range of 6.6 to 7.9, 1.09 to 2.6, 4.3 to 5.1, 20.1 to 37.2, 31.6 to 39.1 and 11.0 to 13.1 days, respectively on various pulses. No significant differences were found in oviposition period, post-oviposition period, incubation period, total life period and adult longevity on various pulses. The adult emergence was maximum on chickpea (96.7%) and minimum on pea (52.3%).

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