The Relationship between Winter Temperature Rise and Soil Fertility properties

The effects of winter temperature rises on soil microbial activity, nutrient and salinity in Ningxia Plain were studied in a field experiment using an infrared radiator to raise temperatures. Winter temperature rises led to increases in soil organic matter, available phosphorus, soil pH and total salt content, but decreased the available nitrogen in soil and the activities of soil catalase, urease and phosphatase. With a winter temperature of 0.5 °C-2.0 °C, the activities of soil catalase, urease and phosphatase were respectively decreased by 0.08-1.20 mL g-1, 0.004-0.019 mg g-1, and 0.10-0.25 mg kg-1; soil organic matter was increased by 0.01-0.62 g kg-1, available nitrogen decreased by 2.45-4.66 g kg-1, available phosphorus increased by 2.92-5.74 g kg-1; soil pH increased by 0.42-0.67, and total salt increased by 0.39-0.50 g kg-1. Winter temperature rises decreased soil microbial activity, accelerated the decomposition of soil nutrients, and intensified soil salinization.

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Effects of long-term mowing on the fractions and chemical composition of soil organic matter in a semiarid grassland

10.5194/bg-2016-461 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Jiang-Ye Li ◽

Qi-Chun Zhang ◽

Yong Li ◽

Hong-Jie Di

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Functional Groups ◽

Soil Microbial Activity ◽

Net N Mineralization ◽

Organic C ◽

Semiarid Grassland ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

The Stability

Abstract. Grassland is the second largest carbon pool following forest. Intensive mowing is common to meet the need of increased livestock. However, little information on the quality and quantity of soil organic matter (SOM) under different mowing managements was documented. In this work, the fractions and chemical composition of SOM under different mowing managements were studied using traditional fractionation method and spectroscopy technology (13C-NMR and FTIR) based on a 13-year mowing trial with four treatments: control (CK, unmown), mowing once every second year (M1/2), mowing once a year (M1) and mowing twice a year (M2). The results showed that M1/2 and M1 significantly enhanced the SOM accumulation while M2 did not significantly impacted SOM content but it significantly limited the SOM humification and degradation. Substituted alkyl carbon (C) was the major organic C type as it made up over 40 % of the total C. M1/2 and M1 significantly increased stable C functional groups (alkyl C and aromatic C) by degrading labile C functional group (O-alkyl C) and forming calcium humic acid while M2 had opposite effects. The increase of NMR indices (HB/HI, Al/Ar, A/OA and CC/MC) in M1/2 and M1 further suggested that M1/2 and M1 increased the stability of SOM. Significant correlations between net N mineralization or MBC and C functional groups indicated that the shifts of SOM fractions and chemical composition were closely related to soil microbial activity. Meanwhile, M1 significantly increased soil MBC while M2 worked oppositely. Therefore, M1 are the most recommended mowing management while M2 should be avoided in the semiarid grassland.

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Soil pH and Nutrient Characteristics of Newly-added Cultivated Land in Heyang, China

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202020401013 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 204 ◽

pp. 01013

Author(s):

Gang Li ◽

Ruiqing Zhang ◽

Ying Wang ◽

Nan Lu ◽

Yang Wei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Ph Value ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Matter Content ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Cultivated Land ◽

Soil Available Phosphorus

In order to understand the soil pH and main nutrient characteristics of newly added cultivated land in the eastern part of Guanzhong, and 160 soil samples were collected in 2016, the soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in Heyang County were studied The suitability distribution of the indicators, using stepwise regression and path analysis methods, analyzes the direct relationship between soil pH and soil nutrients, and provides a theoretical basis for improving the newly added cultivated land. The results showed that the soil pH in Heyang County varied from 8.42 to 9.67, the soil organic matter content varied from 3.46 to 17.93 g/kg, the soil total nitrogen content varied from 0.13 to 5.61 g/kg, and the soil available phosphorus changed The range is 1.73 ~ 63.06 mg/kg, and the soil available potassium range is 46.50 ~ 523.74. The newly added soil has a certain nutrient basis, but it should be further adjusted and improved during the cultivation process. The direct positive effect on soil pH value is mainly soil organic matter, and the direct negative effect is mainly soil available phosphorus. By adjusting the organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil, the pH value of the soil can be effectively improved, so that the newly cultivated soil is suitable for the growth of local crops.

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Soil texture mediated microbial activity affects the transfer of litter-derived carbon to soil organic matter

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-10898 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Gerrit Angst ◽

Jan Pokorný ◽

Travis Meador ◽

Tomáš Hajek ◽

Jan Frouz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Microbial Activity ◽

Litter Decomposition ◽

Soil Texture ◽

Mineral Soil ◽

C Sequestration ◽

Soil Microbial Activity ◽

Soil C ◽

Soil Organic Matter Formation

Knowledge about the nexus between litter decomposition and soil organic matter formation is still scarce, likely because litter decomposition studies are often conducted in the absence of mineral soil. Even if mineral soil is considered, variations in soil texture, which should substantially influence decomposition and soil C sequestration via, e.g., different capacities to store C or host microbial communities, have been neglected. Here, we examined the effect of soil texture on litter decomposition and soil organic matter formation by incubating sand- and clay-rich soils. These soils, taken under C3 vegetation, were amended with C4 litter to trace the fate of organic matter newly entering the soil. While we found only small amounts of litter-derived carbon (C) in the mineral soils after our six-month experiment, the microbial activity and amount of remaining litter between the sand- and clay-rich soils substantially differed. A high microbial activity combined with higher amounts of litter-derived C and a higher remaining litter mass in the clay-rich soil indicate a more effective transformation of litter to soil organic matter as compared to the sand-rich soil. In the sand-rich soil, microbial activity was lower, less soil C was litter-derived, and the litter lost more of its mass. We explain the apparently contradictory results of higher microbial activity and concurrently higher C contents with a more effective microbial pathway of SOM formation in the clay-rich soil. Our results indicate that soil texture does not only play a role in the provision of reactive surfaces for the stabilization of C but will also affect the decomposition of litter via effects on microbial activity, ultimately determining if litter C is transferred to the soil or respired to the atmosphere.

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Response of soil microbiota to nine-year application of swine manure and urea

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20140565 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 260-266 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Diana Morales ◽

Mónica Machado Vargas ◽

Michele Pottes de Oliveira ◽

Bruna Lunarde Taffe ◽

Jucinei Comin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Microbial Activity ◽

Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Swine Manure ◽

Soil Microbial Activity ◽

Basal Respiration ◽

Pig Slurry ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Tillage System

ABSTRACT: Manure fertilization is a common practice, but little is known about its impacts on soil microbial activity and organic matter. Aiming to evaluate soil microbial response to nine years of successive applications of swine manure, organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), pH, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), basal respiration (BR), metabolic quotient (qCO2), and enzyme (ß-glucosidase, phosphatase, arylsulphatase, and FDA) activities were measured in the 0-10cm soil layer, in a no-tillage system. Treatments were: control soil without fertilization (C), and application of two doses (104 and 209kg of N ha-1year-1) of urea (U1 and U2), pig slurry (PS1 and PS2) and deep litter (DL1 and DL2). TOC, TN, soil pH, MBC, and BR increased in soil fertilized with DL, and were lower in U treatments. Soils with U and DL application had higher qCO2, related to different sources of stressors like nutrient imbalance. Phosphatase and ß-glucosidase activities were not affected by treatments, increased with time, and had a strong correlation with MBC. We conclude that long-term swine manure applications increase microbial activity and soil organic matter, mainly in DL form; while urea applications have negative impacts on these indicators.

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Spatial heterogeneity provides organic matter refuges for soil microbial activity in the Patagonian steppe, Argentina

Soil Biology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.03.008 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 41 (6) ◽

pp. 1348-1351 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Marina Gonzalez-Polo ◽

Amy T. Austin

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Spatial Heterogeneity ◽

Microbial Activity ◽

Soil Microbial Activity ◽

Patagonian Steppe ◽

Soil Microbial

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Study on the Revitalization Potential of Thermal-treated Soils

Agrokémia és Talajtan ◽

10.1556/agrokem.51.2002.1-2.16 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 51 (1-2) ◽

pp. 129-138 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

László Vermes ◽

B. Biró

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Microbial Activity ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Soil Microbial Activity ◽

Matter Content ◽

Test Plant ◽

Great Success ◽

Organic Additives ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Microbial Inocula

A pot experiment was set up at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Horticultural Sciences of the Szent István University in 2001 investigating the revitalization effect of selected treatments on thermal-treated soils and other production substances. In the experiment 6 factors and 7 treatments were used, each in 4 replicates, using rape ( Brassica napus DC ) as test plant. During the time period of the experiment (29 May-17 August) continuous observations and measurements were conducted, plant and soil analyses - chemical and microbiological - were made to establish the main effects and results of the different treatments. These are discussed in the paper in detail. Although the soil-vitalization procedures were of great success, no treatment in the experiment had an extremely positive effect. Various additives, however could enhance the re-colonization processes significantly. According to the basic factors (the soils or substrates) the best treatments were: the A1 (clay-pearl) additive and the C2, C3 factors (the medium and low temperature soil treatments). Among the treatment combinations, treatments IV and VII were the best ( compost and compost + inocula addition). This fact shows that the compost in a good quality, and the compost enriched, compost extracted microbial inocula can play the most important role in the revitalization of thermal-treated soils. Manure addition and the manure + inocula treatment can also be used as a prominent treatment in the restoration, to increase the organic matter content and the microbial activity in soils. The single alga- and microbial inocula treatment was not successful permanently, therefore their use - without adding any parallel organic matter - cannot be recommended. Investigations of the soil microbial activity showed that the lowest temperature of thermal treatments had resulted a more effective revitalization. The clay-pearl additive increased the persistency and activity of the microbes in the soil. It was also obviously found that the organic additives with or without the microbial inoculations could be used potentially as the best soil revitalization treatments.

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Tea Bag Index as potential indicator for soil microbial activity.

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-5344 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Gera Van Os ◽

Karin Pepers ◽

Jaap Bloem ◽

Joeke Postma ◽

Johnny Visser

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Biological Activity ◽

Microbial Activity ◽

Management Practices ◽

Organic Amendments ◽

Soil Management ◽

Soil Microbial Activity ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Rooibos Tea ◽

Tea Bag Index

Worldwide there is an enormous interest in microbial indicators for soil quality, since this reflects the potential capacity for soil ecosystem functions i.e. nutrient cycles, carbon storage, biodiversity and resilience to climate change. Farmers are anxious to measure the effects of different soil management practices in order to improve soil quality and attain sustainable food production. Despite the rapid developments in (molecular) measurement techniques, adequately validated and affordable methods for field measurements on soil microbial activity are still lacking. Nowadays, farmers participate in campaigns to bury cotton undies in order to measure biological activity in their fields (Soil your undies).&#160; If there&#8217;s not much left of the undies after a couple of months, this supposedly indicates good soil health. Of course this is by no means a quantitative nor validated indicator.An elegant, cheap and simple method to measure biological activity in soil is the Tea Bag Index (TBI). This method was developed to determine the global variation in decomposition rate of organic matter by the soil microflora as influenced by abiotic circumstances. The TBI consists of two parameters describing decomposition and stabilization of organic matter by measuring weight loss of green tea and rooibos tea bags that have been buried in the soil for three months. The method is designed to discriminate contrasting ecosystems and, within ecosystems, differences in factors such as soil temperature and moisture content (Keuskamp et al. 2013, doi: 10.1111/2041-210X.12097).Our research aimed to assess the possibility to use the TBI as an indicator for soil microbial activity, considering its sensitivity and robustness to discriminate between agricultural soil management practices that are known to have a significant impact on soil microbial diversity and activity. The responsiveness to soil pasteurization and organic amendments was investigated under both controlled and field conditions. The TBI decomposition rate differed significantly between both tea varieties (green tea > rooibos tea). Organic amendments had little or no effect. The TBI-results were plotted against some more established biochemical indicators which are sensitive to soil management and often related to microbial biomass, i.e. hot water extractable carbon, potentially mineralizable nitrogen and fungal biomass. Results are discussed, as well as factors which complicate the interpretation of TBI data with respect to soil microbial activity.

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