scholarly journals 3-ROUTES PLATFORM FOR RECOVERY OF HIGH VALUE PRODUCTS, ENERGY AND BIO-FERTILIZER FROM URBAN BIOWASTE: THE REVENUE PROJECT

Detritus ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Agata Gallipoli ◽  
Andrea Gianico ◽  
Simona Crognale ◽  
Simona Rossetti ◽  
Leone Mazzeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Fermentable Sugars ◽  
Biobased Products ◽  
Solid Residue ◽  
Organic Residue ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Biomethane Production ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation

This innovative Biorefinery platform is based on the integration of a mild thermal pre-treatment and a solid/liquid separation unit to parallel-integrated bioprocesses specifically selected on food waste distinctive chemical composition: a liquid fraction, rich in readily fermentable sugars, to be transformed into valuable biobased products, and a solid organic residue to enhance biomethane production generating a fully hygienized digestate to be recycled. The preliminary results in terms of VFAs yields and composition from the acidogenic stage, and the methane conversion rate from the anaerobic digestion of the solid residue, are here presented

scholarly journals Energy and pressure requirements for compression of swine solid fraction compost

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2s) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niccolò Pampuro ◽  
Alessio Facello ◽  
Eugenio Cavallo
Keyword(s):  
Solid Fraction ◽  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Application Time ◽  
Soil Fertilization ◽  
Pressure Application ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation

The excessive amount of pig slurry spread on soil has contributed to nitrate water pollution both in surface and in ground waters, especially in areas classified as vulnerable zones to nitrate in accordance with European Regulation (91/676/CEE). Several techniques have been developed to manage livestock slurries as cheaply and conveniently as possible and to reduce potential risks of environmental pollution. Among these techniques, solid-liquid separation of slurry is a common practice in Italy. The liquid fraction can be used for irrigation and the solid fraction, after aerobic stabilization, produces an organic compost rich in humic substances. However, compost derived from swine solid fraction is a low density material (bulk density less than 500 kg􀀀m–3). This makes it costly to transport composted swine solid fraction from production sites to areas where it could be effectively utilized for value-added applications such as in soil fertilization. Densification is one possible way to enhance the storage and transportation of the compost. This study therefore investigates the effect of pressure (20- 110 MPa) and pressure application time (5-120 s) on the compaction characteristics of compost derived from swine solid fraction. Two different types of material have been used: composted swine solid fraction derived from mechanical separation and compost obtained by mixing the first material with wood chips. Results obtained showed that both the pressure applied and the pressure application time significantly affect the density of the compacted samples; while the specific compression energy is significantly affected only by the pressure. Best predictor equations were developed to predict compact density and the specific compression energy required by the densification process. The specific compression energy values based on the results from this study (6-32 kJ􀀀kg–1) were significantly lower than the specific energy required to manufacture pellets from biomass feedstock (typically 19-90 kJ􀀀kg–1).

Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) treatment of supernatant of cow manure by thermal pre-treatment

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Yoneyama ◽  
A. Nishii ◽  
M. Nishimoto ◽  
N. Yamada ◽  
T. Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Methane Fermentation ◽  
Methane Production Rate ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation

Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) methane fermentation treatment of cow manure that was subjected to screw pressing, thermal treatment and subsequent solid–liquid separation was studied. Conducting batch scale tests at temperatures between 140 and 180 °C, the optimal temperature for sludge settling and the color suppression was found to be between160–170 °C. UASB treatment was carried out with a supernatant obtained from the thermal treatment at the optimal conditions (170 °C for 30 minutes) and polymer-dosed solid–liquid separation. In the UASB treatment with a CODCr loading of 11.7 kg/m3/d and water temperature of 32.2 °C, the CODCr level dropped from 16,360 mg/L in raw water to 3,940 mg/L in treated water (CODCr removal rate of 75.9%), and the methane production rate per CODCr was 0.187 Nm3/kg. Using wastewater thermal-treated at the optimal conditions, also a methane fermentation treatment with a continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) was conducted (CODCr in raw water: 38,000 mg/L, hydraulic retention time (HRT): 20 days, 35 °C). At the CODCr loading of 1.9 kg/m3/d, the methane production rate per CODCr was 0.153 Nm3/kg. This result shows that UASB treatment using thermal pre-treatment provides a CODCr loading of four times or more and a methane production rate of 1.3 times higher than the CSTR treatment.

Performance and membrane foulant in the pilot operation of a novel biofilm-membrane reactor

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-183
Author(s):  
K. Kimura ◽  
Y. Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Manganese Concentration ◽  
Membrane Cleaning ◽  
Chemical Washing ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation

We have developed a novel biofilm-membrane reactor (BMR) in which a nitrifying biofilm is fixed on the surface of a rotating membrane disk. With this reactor, both strict solid-liquid separation and oxidation of ammonia nitrogen can be simultaneously performed. Based on the results obtained in previous bench-scale experiments, a pilot-scale study was conducted using river water at a water purification plant. The results obtained in the pilot study can be summarized as follows. (1) By implementation of pre-treatment (coagulation and sedimentation) and simple membrane cleaning (sponge cleaning), the filter run could be continued for 17 months without any chemical washing. (2) Sufficient nitrification was observed when water temperature was high. Deterioration in nitrification efficiency during winter was reduced by the addition of phosphorus. (3) In addition to nitrification, biological oxidation of AOC and manganese can be expected with the BMR. In this study, both AOC and manganese concentration in the permeate decreased to a level less than 10 μg/L. (4) Irreversible membrane fouling, which was thought to be mainly caused by manganese, became significant as the operation period became longer.

scholarly journals A mathematical optimization model for secondary settler

2021 ◽  
Vol 2063 (1) ◽  
pp. 012029
Author(s):  
Zahir Bakiri
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Mathematical Optimization ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Hydrodynamic Behaviour ◽  
1D Model ◽  
Mathematical Optimization Model ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation

Abstract The study of secondary settler modelling, which aims to establish the main model (one-dimensional-1D model), which is involved in some fundamental processes of the hydrodynamic behaviour of this liquid/solid separation unit and to engender variations of the sludge blanket height as a function of the operating parameters and maintaining of the municipal wastewater treatment plant of Setif. The objective of this research is focused on solid/liquid separation in the secondary settler by attempting a mathematical model that allows us to evaluate the sedimentation velocity as a function of the sludge settleability parameters.

scholarly journals Persistence and Leaching Potential of Microorganisms and Mineral N in Animal Manure Applied to Intact Soil Columns

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 535-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Mostofa Amin ◽  
Anita Forslund ◽  
Xuan Thanh Bui ◽  
René K. Juhler ◽  
Søren O. Petersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Leaching Potential ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Subsurface Injection ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation ◽  
Intact Soil

ABSTRACTPathogens may reach agricultural soils through application of animal manure and thereby pose a risk of contaminating crops as well as surface and groundwater. Treatment and handling of manure for improved nutrient and odor management may also influence the amount and fate of manure-borne pathogens in the soil. A study was conducted to investigate the leaching potentials of a phage (Salmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium bacteriophage 28B) and two bacteria,Escherichia coliandEnterococcusspecies, in a liquid fraction of raw pig slurry obtained by solid-liquid separation of this slurry and in this liquid fraction after ozonation, when applied to intact soil columns by subsurface injection. We also compared leaching potentials of surface-applied and subsurface-injected raw slurry. The columns were exposed to irrigation events (3.5-h period at 10 mm h−1) after 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks of incubation with collection of leachate. By the end of incubation, the distribution and survival of microorganisms in the soil of each treatment and in nonirrigated columns with injected raw slurry or liquid fraction were determined.E. coliin the leachates was quantified by both plate counts and quantitative PCR (qPCR) to assess the proportions of culturable and nonculturable (viable and nonviable) cells. Solid-liquid separation of slurry increased the redistribution in soil of contaminants in the liquid fraction compared to raw slurry, and the percent recovery ofE. coliandEnterococcusspecies was higher for the liquid fraction than for raw slurry after the four leaching events. The liquid fraction also resulted in more leaching of all contaminants exceptEnterococcusspecies than did raw slurry. Ozonation reducedE. colileaching only. Injection enhanced the leaching potential of the microorganisms investigated compared to surface application, probably because of a better survival with subsurface injection and a shorter leaching path.

scholarly journals Correlations between the Composition of Liquid Fraction of Full-Scale Digestates and Process Conditions

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 971
Author(s):  
Afifi Akhiar ◽  
Felipe Guilayn ◽  
Michel Torrijos ◽  
Audrey Battimelli ◽  
Abd Halim Shamsuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Process Equipment ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Liquid Separation ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation

Fast development of centralized agricultural biogas plants leads to high amounts of digestate production. The treatment and disposal of liquid fractions after on-site digestate solid–liquid separation remains problematic due to their high organic, nutrient and aromatic contents. This work aims to study the variability of the remaining compounds in the digestate liquid fractions in relation to substrate origin, process parameters and solid–liquid separation techniques. Twenty-nine digestates from full-scale codigestion biogas plants and one waste activated sludge (WAS) digestate were collected and characterized. This study highlighted the combined effect of the solid–liquid separation process and the anaerobic digestion feedstock on the characteristics of liquid fractions of digestates. Two major clusters were found: (1) liquid fractions from high efficiency separation process equipment (e.g., centrifuge and others with addition of coagulant, flocculent or polymer) and (2) liquid fractions from low efficiency separation processes (e.g., screw press, vibrating screen and rotary drum), in this latter case, the concentration of chemical oxygen demand (COD) was associated with the proportion of cow manure and energy crops at biogas plant input. Finally, SUVA254, an indicator for aromatic molecule content and the stabilization of organic matter, was associated with the hydraulic retention time (HRT).

Bioethanol production from thermochemically pre-treated olive mill solid residues using the yeast Pachysolen tannophylus

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-124 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Solid Residue ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Edible Fungi ◽  
Pachysolen Tannophilus ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Olive Mill

Olive oil mill solid residue (OMSR) is the solid waste generated during olive oil production process in three-phase olive mills. It consists of the remaining pulp of olive processing after the extraction of oil, as well as the cracked seeds of the olive fruits, containing thus mainly lignocellulose and residual oil. The commonly used practice for OMSR management is combustion, after having extracted the residual oil by secondary extraction using organic solvents. Other proposed ways of OMSR management are their exploitation as substrate for edible fungi production and compost, and as feedstock for biofuels generation such as methane and bioethanol. In the latter case, the complex carbohydrates (cellulose and hemicellulose) of the lignocellulose of OMSR have to be degraded towards their simple sugars and further fermented via microorganisms. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of thermochemical pre-treatment of OMSR, on the final ethanol yield from the yeast Pachysolen tannophilus. Nine different types of OMSR-based substrates were tested i.e. raw OMSR, hydrolysates generated from pretreated OMSR with NaOH (0.5 %, 1.5 % w/v) and H2SO4 (0.5 %, 1.5 % v/v), and pretreated OMSR with NaOH (0.5 %, 1.5 % w/v) and H2SO4 (0.5 %, 1.5 % v/v) whole biomass. It was shown that in all cases pretreatment enhanced the consumption of carbohydrates as well as ethanol final yields.

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