Performance and membrane foulant in the pilot operation of a novel biofilm-membrane reactor

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-183
Author(s):  
K. Kimura ◽  
Y. Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Manganese Concentration ◽  
Membrane Cleaning ◽  
Chemical Washing ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation

We have developed a novel biofilm-membrane reactor (BMR) in which a nitrifying biofilm is fixed on the surface of a rotating membrane disk. With this reactor, both strict solid-liquid separation and oxidation of ammonia nitrogen can be simultaneously performed. Based on the results obtained in previous bench-scale experiments, a pilot-scale study was conducted using river water at a water purification plant. The results obtained in the pilot study can be summarized as follows. (1) By implementation of pre-treatment (coagulation and sedimentation) and simple membrane cleaning (sponge cleaning), the filter run could be continued for 17 months without any chemical washing. (2) Sufficient nitrification was observed when water temperature was high. Deterioration in nitrification efficiency during winter was reduced by the addition of phosphorus. (3) In addition to nitrification, biological oxidation of AOC and manganese can be expected with the BMR. In this study, both AOC and manganese concentration in the permeate decreased to a level less than 10 μg/L. (4) Irreversible membrane fouling, which was thought to be mainly caused by manganese, became significant as the operation period became longer.

A novel biofilm-membrane reactor for advanced drinking water treatment - pilot scale study

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 157-168
Author(s):  
K. Kimura ◽  
Y. Watanabe ◽  
N. Ohkuma
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Manganese Concentration ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Chemical Washing ◽  
Pre Treatment

The authors have proposed a novel biofilm-membrane reactor (BMR) in which nitrifying biofilm is fixed on the surface of the rotating membrane disk. With this reactor, both strict solid-liquid separation and oxidation of ammonia nitrogen can be simultaneously performed. Based on the knowledge obtained in the previous experiments with the bench-scale equipment, a pilot scale study was conducted using river water at a water purification plant. The results obtained in the pilot study can be summarized as follows: (1) A pilot scale BMR worked successfully even with the water from an actual drinking water source. By implementation of pre-treatment (coagulation and sedimentation), the filter run could be continued for more than 8 months without any chemical washing. (2) The sponge cleaning developed in this study was found to be very effective. This indicates that the accumulated cake resistance is dominant in the practical situation. (3) Sufficient nitrification was observed when water temperature was high. (4) In addition to the nitrification, biological oxidation of AOC and manganese can be expected with the BMR. In this study, both AOC and manganese concentration in the permeate decreased to a level less than 10 μg/L.

scholarly journals Treatment of Manure and Digestate Liquid Fractions Using Membranes: Opportunities and Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3107
Author(s):  
Maria Salud Camilleri-Rumbau ◽  
Kelly Briceño ◽  
Lene Fjerbæk Søtoft ◽  
Knud Villy Christensen ◽  
Maria Cinta Roda-Serrat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation

Manure and digestate liquid fractions are nutrient-rich effluents that can be fractionated and concentrated using membranes. However, these membranes tend to foul due to organic matter, solids, colloids, and inorganic compounds including calcium, ammonium, sodium, sulfur, potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium contained in the feed. This review paper is intended as a theoretical and practical tool for the decision-making process during design of membrane-based systems aiming at processing manure liquid fractions. Firstly, this review paper gives an overview of the main physico-chemical characteristics of manure and digestates. Furthermore, solid-liquid separation technologies are described and the complexity of the physico-chemical variables affecting the separation process is discussed. The main factors influencing membrane fouling mechanisms, morphology and characteristics are described, as well as techniques covering membrane inspection and foulant analysis. Secondly, the effects of the feed characteristics, membrane operating conditions (pressure, cross-flow velocity, temperature), pH, flocculation-coagulation and membrane cleaning on fouling and membrane performance are presented. Finally, a summary of techniques for specific recovery of ammonia-nitrogen, phosphorus and removal of heavy metals for farm effluents is also presented.

Treatment of highly-colored surface water by a hybrid microfiltration membrane system incorporating ion-exchange

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 855-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Miyoshi ◽  
Y. Takahashi ◽  
T. Suzuki ◽  
R. Nitisoravut ◽  
C. Polprasert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Manganese Concentration ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Coagulant Dosage ◽  
Filtration System

Abstract This study investigated the performance of a hybrid membrane filtration system to produce industrial water from highly-colored surface water. The system consists of a membrane filtration process with appropriate pretreatments, including coagulation, pre-chlorination, and anion exchange (IE) process. The results of the pilot-scale experiments revealed that the hybrid system can produce treated water with color of around 5 Pt-Co, dissolved manganese concentration of no more than 0.05 mg/L, and a silt density index (SDI) of no more than 5 when sufficient coagulant and sodium hypochlorite were dosed. Although the IE process effectively reduced the color of the water, a moderate increase in the color of the IE effluent was observed when there was a significant increase in the color of the raw water. This resulted in a severe membrane fouling, which was likely to be attributed to the excess production of inorganic sludge associated with the increased coagulant dosage required to achieve sufficient reduction of color. Such severe membrane fouling can be controlled by optimising the backwashing and relaxation frequencies during the membrane filtration. These results indicate that the hybrid system proposed is a suitable technology for treating highly-colored surface water.

Pilot Plant Studies on Filtration of Raw Sewage Using Floating Filter Media and Multiple Filter Column Inlets

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 143-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuo Mouri ◽  
Chiaki Niwa
Keyword(s):  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Filter Surface ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Run Lengths ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation ◽  
Soluble Components

The characteristics and performance of solid-liquid separation of raw sewage using floating media and multiple inlets were studied using pilot-scale equipment. Particles over 7 µm, representing approximately 80% of SS and 50% of BOD in raw sewage were efficiently removed. Smaller particles and soluble components, comprising a large part of total BOD, were difficult to remove by filtration. The maximum SS removal ratio (SSRR) and SS quantity removed per unit filter surface (SSR) was achieved using a medium size of 5.5 mm and a filtration rate of 150 µm/d. Inlet switching to a lower position significantly extended the filter run lengths and increased the total SS removed by filtration. Using 5.5 mm filter particles and a 150 m/d filtration rate, 80-89% of SS was removed, 38-42 kg of SS was removed per unit filter sectional area, and filter runs were 55-65 hours. The backwash-filtrate ratio was around 2%. The space requirement of this system will be significantly smaller than the ordinary primary treatment system judging from the trial design of a prototype plant.

Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) treatment of supernatant of cow manure by thermal pre-treatment

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Yoneyama ◽  
A. Nishii ◽  
M. Nishimoto ◽  
N. Yamada ◽  
T. Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Methane Fermentation ◽  
Methane Production Rate ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation

Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) methane fermentation treatment of cow manure that was subjected to screw pressing, thermal treatment and subsequent solid–liquid separation was studied. Conducting batch scale tests at temperatures between 140 and 180 °C, the optimal temperature for sludge settling and the color suppression was found to be between160–170 °C. UASB treatment was carried out with a supernatant obtained from the thermal treatment at the optimal conditions (170 °C for 30 minutes) and polymer-dosed solid–liquid separation. In the UASB treatment with a CODCr loading of 11.7 kg/m3/d and water temperature of 32.2 °C, the CODCr level dropped from 16,360 mg/L in raw water to 3,940 mg/L in treated water (CODCr removal rate of 75.9%), and the methane production rate per CODCr was 0.187 Nm3/kg. Using wastewater thermal-treated at the optimal conditions, also a methane fermentation treatment with a continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) was conducted (CODCr in raw water: 38,000 mg/L, hydraulic retention time (HRT): 20 days, 35 °C). At the CODCr loading of 1.9 kg/m3/d, the methane production rate per CODCr was 0.153 Nm3/kg. This result shows that UASB treatment using thermal pre-treatment provides a CODCr loading of four times or more and a methane production rate of 1.3 times higher than the CSTR treatment.

Field facility for research and demonstration of CSO treatment technologies

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 391-396
Author(s):  
D. Averill ◽  
D. Mack-Mumford ◽  
J. Marsalek ◽  
R. Andoh ◽  
D. Weatherbe
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Scale ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Uv Disinfection ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Test Threshold ◽  
Vortex Separator ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation

A pilot scale study of options for the treatment combined sewer overflows is being conducted in Ontario, Canada. The objective is to achieve primary clarification equivalency in simple, high-rate satellite treatment systems. Effluent disinfection will also be required where bathing beaches are to be protected. Long column settling tests conducted with CSO suspensions indicated that approximately 40% of the suspended solids was non-settleable at the test threshold of 0.3 m/h. The use of a cationic polymer as the sole coagulant in a three metre diameter vortex separator achieved at least 50% TSS removal at surface loads up to approximately 40 m/h. The effluents from solid/liquid separation operations using the polymer coagulation strategy were more amenable to UV disinfection than those produced with metal-based coagulants. This document has been updated to include experimental results to mid-1997.

Performance of SIDMBR for Emulsified Oil Wastewater Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 478-481
Author(s):  
Zhi Yong Han ◽  
Si Su ◽  
Yan Lu ◽  
Wang Bing Du
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Dynamic Membrane ◽  
Emulsified Oil ◽  
Membrane Flux ◽  
Oil Wastewater

The Sequencing Inclined Dynamic Membrane Biological Reactor (SIDMBR) was investigated on a pilot scale for 60 days of emulsified oil wastewater treatment at zero excess sludge discharge. Results indicate that at hydraulic retention time of 24 h, the average removals of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen and oil are 66.83, 64.2 and 70.8% in 1~60 days, respectively. The membrane flux, biofilm quantity, and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content begin to change after 20th, which indicate that membrane fouling has occurred.

Modelling and pilot plant investigations of high rate deep bed filtration with permeable synthetic filter media

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gimbel ◽  
A. Hahrstedt ◽  
K. Esperschidt
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Deep Bed Filtration ◽  
Transport Efficiency ◽  
Brownian Particles ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation ◽  
Porous Plastic ◽  
Highly Porous

Permeable Synthetic Collectors (PSCs) are bodies of several millimetres consisting of a highly porous arrangement of fixed fibres or open-porous plastic foam. The advantages of the application of this media in deep bed filtration were studied. The theoretical analysis of the particle transport efficiency was based on the numerical solution of the flow field and on trajectory calculations for non-Brownian particles. Investigations with an endoscope allowed the consideration of the particle adhesion on the surface of the inner fibres. The resulting filter coefficients are compared with experimental data. The application of PSC filtration in a pilot scale unit for waste water treatment performs much better in contrast to conventional filter grains (sand, anthracite etc.), especially under high rate conditions. In the future, the deep filtration can be applied to new fields of the topic of solid-liquid separation with smaller units, lower pressure drop and higher filtration rates.

RO filtration of biologically treated textile and dyeing effluents using ozonation as a pre-treatment

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 751-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Y. Wang ◽  
Y. T. Guan ◽  
T. Mizuno ◽  
H. Tsuno
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Dyeing Wastewater ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Membrane Cleaning ◽  
Membrane Flux ◽  
Flux Decline ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Water Purity

Bench-scale experiments were conducted to investigate the application of ozonation pre-treatment for biologically treated textile and dyeing wastewater to improve performance of the RO process. Based on ozonation experiments, four specific ozone consumptions (SOC), 0, 0.3, 0.6, 4.0 mg O3/mg DOC0 were chosen for study of the effects of ozonation on the reverse osmosis (RO) process. Membrane flux was recorded. Also, the permeate water quality parameters such as TOC, conductivity were analyzed. In addition, fouled membrane cleaning was studied. The study further examined the nature and mechanisms of membrane fouling using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). The effect of ozonation on RO filtration was found to depend on SOC. The study revealed that significant improvement can be achieved in the efficiency of RO filtration by employing ozonation with 0.6 mg O3/mg DOC0 SOC. Although the product water purity slightly decreased, the ozonation pre-treatment showed advantages at 0.6 mg O3/mg DOC0 SOC for the following: (i) mitigation of flux decline due to membrane fouling; (ii) improvement in foulants cleanability. In addition, hypotheses were put forward to explain the reasons from the aspect of organic matter characteristics changed by ozonation, such as changing on functional groups and molecular weight of organic matter.

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