scholarly journals FORAMEN MENTONIANO ACCESORIO: PRESENTACION DE UN CASO Y REVISION DE LA BIBLIOGRAFIA. Accessory mental foramen: A case report and literature review.

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
Javier Elías Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Radiological Finding ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mental Foramen ◽  
Neurovascular Bundle ◽  
Accessory Mental Foramen ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
School Of Dentistry

El foramen mentoniano accesorio es un orificio adicional al foramen mentoniano que se localiza en la cara anterolateral externa del cuerpo mandibular y que se conecta con el conducto dentario inferior.  Su ubicación es posteroinferior al foramen mentoniano.  De acuerdo a su clasificación también se lo conoce como foramen mental doble, foramen mental adicional, foramen mental múltiple, foramen mental accesorio o foramen mandibular bucal suplementario. Su frecuencia de aparición varía del 1% al 10 %, cuando son unilaterales y del 0,47% al 1,2% cuando son bilaterales.  El  foramen mentoniano accesorio es una rara variante anatómica de poca frecuencia pero de gran relevancia clínico-quirúrgica ya que está asociado a un paquete vasculonervioso por lo cual es necesario su diagnóstico radiográfico ya sea por métodos convencionales o por alta resolución para evitar posibles complicaciones en los diferentes procedimientos odontológicos. Se presenta un caso de foramen mentoniano accesorio de un paciente remitido al Servicio de Radiología de la Facultad de Odontología de la UNC. La tomografía computada constituye el estudio por imágenes de excelencia ante la presunción de un foramen accesorio ya que los diferentes cortes tomográficos y la reconstrucción 3D nos permiten localizarlo de manera precisa e inequívoca. Constituye generalmente un hallazgo radiográfico o se observa durante procedimientos quirúrgicos al quedar al descubierto por el desplazamiento de los tejidos blandos. Cuando se localiza antes de cualquier procedimiento odontológico se deben tomar todos los recaudos necesarios para evitar daño del paquete vasculonervioso y futuras complicaciones como hemorragias o parestesias, principalmente en prácticas como la colocación de implantes dentales o las apicectomías. Accessory mental foramen (AMF) is defined as any openings in addition to mental foramen, with connection to the mandibular canal in the anterolateral aspect of mandible. According to its classification, an AMF is known as double mental foramen, additional mental foramen, multiple mental foramen, supplementary mandibular buccal foramen. The accessory mental foramen is a radiological finding or is detected during surgical procedures. Its prevalence ranges from 1.4 to 10% when it is unilateral and ranges from 0,47% to 1,2% when it is bilateral. Accessory mental foramen is an important and rare anatomical variation associated with a neurovascular bundle. Its prevalence is low. The diagnosis by conventional radiological methods or three-dimensional radiographic imaging techniques is effective to avoid complications in dental procedures. An accessory mental foramen case of a male patient referred to the Department of Radiology at the National University of Córdoba School of Dentistry is reported. The computed tomography is the most accurate imaging modality for the identification of an accessory foramen through multiplanar reformatted images and three dimensional images. When the existence of AMF is identified before dental procedures, appropriate actions should be taken to avoid damages of the neurovascular bundle and eventual complications such as hemorrhage and paresthesia principally in procedures like dental implant insertion or periapical surgery.

Analysis of Three-Dimensional Ultrasound in Diagnosis of Shoulder and Neck Inflammation and Surrounding Tissue Lesions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1028-1036
Author(s):  
Ziqiang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Time Operation

Ultrasound imaging technology can not only show neck tear the degree and extent of disease, to help make the correct diagnosis, can also be used to assess shoulder neck inflammation after surgery to repair a shoulder muscle neck tissue integrity and healing. Ultrasound imaging with high-resolution, real-time operation, low cost, etc. gradually become shoulder neck inflammatory disease preferred imaging modality. The sensitivity and specificity for three-dimensional ultrasound imaging of shoulder neck inflammation were 78% and 93% in this study. The full-thickness inflammation sensitivity and specificity were 50% and 95%. The sensitivity and specificity of inflammation were 57% and 87%, respectively. This study shows that the diagnostic accuracy of 3D ultrasound imaging in shoulder and neck inflammation and surrounding tissue lesions is close to that of MRI. Three-dimensional appearance of new technologies such as ultrasound imaging will further improve ultrasound imaging techniques in shoulder neck inflammation application in the diagnosis and treatment assessment.

scholarly journals The Role of Imaging in Radiation Therapy Planning: Past, Present, and Future

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisele C. Pereira ◽  
Melanie Traughber ◽  
Raymond F. Muzic
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dose Calculation ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Tissue Contrast ◽  
Anatomical Information

The use of ionizing radiation for cancer treatment has undergone extraordinary development during the past hundred years. The advancement of medical imaging has been critical in helping to achieve this change. The invention of computed tomography (CT) was pivotal in the development of treatment planning. Despite some disadvantages, CT remains the only three-dimensional imaging modality used for dose calculation. Newer image modalities, such as magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and positron emission tomography (PET), are also used secondarily in the treatment-planning process. MR, with its better tissue contrast and resolution than those of CT, improves tumor definition compared with CT planning alone. PET also provides metabolic information to supplement the CT and MR anatomical information. With emerging molecular imaging techniques, the ability to visualize and characterize tumors with regard to their metabolic profile, active pathways, and genetic markers, both across different tumors and within individual, heterogeneous tumors, will inform clinicians regarding the treatment options most likely to benefit a patient and to detect at the earliest time possible if and where a chosen therapy is working. In the post-human-genome era, multimodality scanners such as PET/CT and PET/MR will provide optimal tumor targeting information.

scholarly journals Contrast enhanced ultrasonography in assessing the treatment response to transarterial chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeno Spârchez ◽  
Tudor Mocan ◽  
Pompilia Radu ◽  
Ofelia Anton ◽  
Nicolae Bolog
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Transarterial Chemoembolization ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Early Assessment ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ultrasonography ◽  
Current Guidelines

Abstract. The last decades have known continuous development of therapeutic strategies in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Unfortunately the disease it still not diagnosed until it is already at an intermediate or even an advanced disease. In these circumstances transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is considered an effective treatment for HCC. The most important independent prognostic factor of both disease free survival and overall survival is the presence of complete necrosis. Therefore, treatment outcomes are dictated by the proper use of radiological imaging. Current guidelines recommend contrast enhanced computer tomography (CECT) as the standard imaging technique for evaluating the therapeutic response in patients with HCC after TACE. One of the most important disadvantage of CECT is the overestimation of tumor response. As an attempt to overcome this limitation contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has gained particular attention as an imaging modality in HCC patients after TACE. Of all available imaging modalities, CEUS performs better in the early and very early assessment of TACE especially after lipiodol TACE. As any other imaging techniques CEUS has disadvantages especially in hypovascular tumors or in cases of tumor multiplicity. Not far from now the current limitations of CEUS will be overcome by the new CEUS techniques that are already tested in clinical practice such as dynamic CEUS with quantification, three-dimensional CEUS or fusion techniques.

scholarly journals A Rare Anatomical Finding: Bilateral Accessory Mental Foramen

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Zülfikar Karabıyık ◽  
Mustafa Kıranatlı
Keyword(s):  
Male Patient ◽  
Anatomic Variation ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Mental Foramen ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Maxillofacial Region ◽  
Implant Surgery ◽  
Accessory Mental Foramen ◽  
Lower Jaw

Aim. Accessory mental foramen (AMF) is a not common anatomical variation. During the surgical procedures involving the mandible such as implant surgery, periapical surgery, jaw surgeries, and periapical surgery and enucleation of pathologies at the mental region, obvious attention should be given to prevent postoperative sequelae. Case Report. Orthopantomograph (OPG) is routinely taken to visualize the maxillofacial region at a dental clinic. OPG shows exactly upper and lower jaw and teeth but superficially reveals some pathology or anatomic variation. It misses sometimes an anatomic landmark such as AMF. As the surgery is planned to a maxillofacial region, a detailed knowledge should be known before going into surgery to not interfere with anatomic landmarks. A 52-year-old male patient was referred to Kütahya Health Science University Dental Hospital, Turkey, to rehabilitate his bilateral partial edentulous lower jaw region. Implant surgery was planned in our patient. OPG was taken to evaluate the maxillofacial region but was unremarkable. Before the implant surgery, CBCT was obtained from our patient. CBCT and a three-dimensional reconstructed model of the male patient showed bilateral accessory mental foramen (AMF). Conclusion. Accessory mental foramen (AMF) carries additional innervation to the chin, mandibular anterior gingiva, and mental region. Reflection and protection of the AMF during the surgery can prevent hemorrhage and neurosensory disturbance at the mental region and can improve quality of life for the patient. CBCT has higher precision but also a higher price and radiation dose. Although anatomical variations are uncommon, they can be found on digital panoramic radiographs but in limited percentage.

An Accessory Mental Foramen: A Case Report

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leyla Berna Çağirankaya ◽  
Hilmi Kansu
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Mental Foramen ◽  
Surgical Operation ◽  
Radiographic Image ◽  
Nerve Blocks ◽  
Accessory Mental Foramen ◽  
Dental Examination ◽  
Molar Region

Abstract Aim The aim of this article is to present a case of an accessory mental foramen (AMF). Background The mental foramen is an important anatomical structure of particular importance in local anesthesia and surgical procedures in terms of achieving effective mandibular nerve blocks and avoiding injuries to the neurovascular bundles. Although rare, multiple mental foramina have been described in humans. In these cases one foramen is termed the mental foramen and the others are referred to as an AMF. Report A 62-year-old woman presented for a routine dental examination. In addition to the normal radiographic image of the mental foramen, periapical radiographs of the left mandibular premolar and molar region revealed a round-shaped radiolucency with distinct borders along with an inferior extension below the apex of the mesial root of the first molar. This image was considered to be an AMF. Summary Although no surgical operation was planned, the patient was informed about the existence and importance of the anatomical variation with regard to the need for local anesthesia, diagnosis of periapical disease, and the prevention of nerve damage during surgery in that area of the mandible. Citation Çağirankaya LB, Kansu HK. An Accessory Mental Foramen: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 January; (9)1:098-104.

scholarly journals Lingual accessory mental foramen: a report of an extremely rare anatomical variation

2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederico S. Neves ◽  
Marianna G. G. Torres ◽  
Christiano Oliveira ◽  
Paulo S. F. Campos ◽  
Iêda Crusoé-Rebello
Keyword(s):  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Mental Foramen ◽  
Accessory Mental Foramen

scholarly journals Dental intervention perspective: Anatomical Variation of Mental and Mandibular Foramen in Selected Malay Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 450-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safar Sumit Bunyarit ◽  
Rozaida Poh Yuen Ying ◽  
Bazliah Abdul Kadir ◽  
Munirah Mohd Nizam ◽  
MM Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Mental Foramen ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Mandibular Foramen ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dental Intervention ◽  
The Right ◽  
Almost All

Background: Anatomical structures of head are essential to carry out almost all of dental procedures. In this regard to study the variation of mental and mandibular foramens are prerequisite for the intervention of clinical dentistry. The study was undertaken to determine the anatomical position of the mental foramen (mF) and mandibular foramen (MF) and their relationship.Methods and Methods: Eighty-seven selected Malay patients were examined at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Dental Clinics in which 34 were male and 53 were female. The size and position of the mF in relation to tooth position were recorded. The size and position of the MF were recorded based on the horizontal and vertical dimensions consisting of reference point’s namely anterior and posterior border of ascending border of ramus as well as mandibular notch and lower border of mandibular ramus, respectively.Results: The mF was found to be most in line with second premolar (49%) on both sides in both sexes. The size of mF was larger on the right side and in male (p<0.05). The size of MF on the right and left side for both male and female did not differ significantly (p>0.05). The mean distance between the MF to occlusal plane was 10 mm (SD ±1.56) for both sides. There was no significant difference between mF and MF position (p>0.05).Conclusion: In the Malay population, anatomical relationship and variation between mental and mandibular foramen were not found to be significant. The information would be useful in dental intervention of the clinicians.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.450-454

scholarly journals Accessory mental foramen: A rare anatomical variation detected by cone-beam computed tomography

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Guanaes Gomes Torres ◽  
Ludmila de Faro Valverde ◽  
Manuela Torres Andion Vidal ◽  
Iêda Margarida Crusoé-Rebello
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Mental Foramen ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Accessory Mental Foramen

scholarly journals Imaging Techniques for Cardiac Function

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10549
Author(s):  
Vasileios Panis ◽  
Erwan Donal
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computer Hardware ◽  
Cardiac Imaging Techniques ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Sound Waves ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Static Images

Cardiac imaging techniques include a variety of distinct applications with which we can visualize cardiac function non-invasively. Through different applications of physical entities such as sound waves, X-rays, magnetic fields, and nuclear energy, along with highly sophisticated computer hardware and software, it is now possible to reconstruct the dynamic aspect of cardiac function in many forms, from static images to high-definition videos and real-time three-dimensional projections. In this review, we will describe the fundamental principles of the most widely used techniques and, more specifically, which imaging modality and on what occasion we should use them in order to analyze different aspects of cardiac function.

scholarly journals Accessory Mental Foramen of the Mandible Found With Radiographic Images: A Case Report

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-92
Author(s):  
Md Humalun Kabir ◽  
Parimal Chandra Mallick ◽  
AFM Sarwar ◽  
Hasan Mohammad Rizvi
Keyword(s):  
Panoramic Radiography ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Mandibular Canal ◽  
Mental Foramen ◽  
Nerve Blocks ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Accessory Mental Foramen ◽  
Sagittal Image ◽  
Periapical Diseases ◽  
The Right

The object of this study is to present a case of an accessory mental foramen. Detection of the position of mental foramen is important during surgical procedures in terms of achieving effective mandibular nerve blocks and avoiding injuries to the neurovascular bundles. A 64-year-o1d man visited us for taking treatment. Preoperative panoramic radiography and CT were conducted. A multi-section reconstructed sagittal image showed two mental foramina leading to the mandibular canal on the right side of the mandible, which were considered to be double mental foramina. Although no surgical procedure was planned, the patient was informed about the existence and importance of the anatomical variation with regard to the need for local anesthesia, diagnosis of periapical diseases, and the prevention of nerve damage during surgery in that area of his mandibleJ Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, 2014; 6(2):90-92

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