scholarly journals Tea Bowl with Decoration of Standing Cranes (Tachizuru): Made-to-order Ceramics Produced in the Japan House Kilns

2021 ◽  
Vol 311 ◽  
pp. 151-182
Author(s):  
KATAYAMA Mabi
Keyword(s):  
Cylindrical Shape ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Port City ◽  
Edo Period ◽  
Hybrid State ◽  
Choson Dynasty ◽  
Southern Song ◽  
Choson Korea ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Shifting Boundaries

The Japan House (Korean: waegwan; Japanese: wakan) in the port city of Pusan, was a Japanese outpost during the Chosŏn dynasty. In the period 1639 to 1718, the Sō clan of Tsushima, commissioned made-to-order ceramics here, reflecting Japanese requirements, and a long-standing Japanese enthusiasm for kōrai chawan (“Korean tea bowls”), as demanded by the tea authorities in Japan. The focus of this paper is a group of tea bowls with decoration of standing cranes, the most representative type of made-to-order tea bowls produced at the Japan House kilns. Historical records and recent excavations of kiln sites have revealed that the type of tea bowl with standing crane design enjoyed popularity and continued to be produced until the closure of the Japan House kilns. A bowl of the deep, cylindrical shape adheres closely to early Koryŏ prototypes, while its notched foot resembles those of soft porcelain bowls made for ritual use. The subject of its design motif can be traced back to the ubiquitous cranes of Koryŏ inlaid celadon. The ethereal crane, traditionally associated with longevity, was popular in East Asian pictorial culture. The standing crane design on this type of tea bowl displays a combination of influences from the crane painting by the Southern Song painter Muqi (act. ca. 1240-75) and its reinterpretation by the Kano painters. This paper seeks to define the characteristics of the Japan House kiln products by examining its best-known type of tea bowl with decoration of standing cranes. It elucidates how the tea bowl with standing crane design is clearly not an imitation of early Koryŏ celadon but shows a range of decorative styles that reflect the tastes of the Edo-period daimyo tea world. While adapted to the tastes of Japanese consumers, the tea bowl with standing crane design produced at the Japan House kilns display influences from regional kilns in Chosŏn Korea. In this light, the type of tea bowl with decoration of standing cranes manifests a hybrid state of shifting boundaries and demarcations where Japanese and Korean influences coexisted and encountered with difference.

Moving still: Bicycles in Ranchhod Oza’s photographs of 1950s Stone Town (Zanzibar)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 191-211
Author(s):  
Pamila Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Port City ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Stage Props

Stone Town’s busy streets in the 1950s became a set for photographer Ranchhod Oza, proprietor of Capital Art Studio (1930–83). I was aesthetically drawn to the numerous bicycles portrayed in these Zanzibari images, just as Oza had been at an earlier time and place. I am less interested in reading the subject of bicycles as simply a sign of Zanzibari modernity, an accoutrement that projects a fantasy of advancement via technological things. Instead, I focus on their ability to reflect various material aspects of daily life in Stone Town. Some bicycles carry people, others transport things, while still others appear as stage props, leaning up against walls while waiting (im)patiently for their owners to return. Yet in all these Oza images, they are moving still, ready to reach another chosen destination. What does the content of bicycles say about Oza’s photographic style? Can these bicycles potentially speak to Zanzibar’s placeness as a cosmopolitan Indian Ocean port city?

scholarly journals Igreja e sociedade na Gaudium et Spes e sua incidência no Brasil

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (261) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Mário De França Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Historical Records ◽  
Gaudium Et Spes ◽  
Brazilian Society ◽  
Church And Society ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

O Autor aborda o tema – Igreja e sociedade na Gaudium et Spes e sua incidência no Brasil – em três passos sucessivos. Primeiramente, recupera, na memória e de modo breve e conciso, as linhas fundamentais da relação Igreja e sociedade no período imediatamente pré-conciliar; em seguida, com este pano de fundo, examina esta mesma relação na Gaudium et Spes, para, finalmente e de modo especial, examiná-la com relação à sociedade brasileira atual e propor uma maior participação dos leigos católicos.Abstract: The author deals with the subject – Church and Society in the Gaudium et Spes and their incidence in Brazil – in three successive steps. First he retraces, in the historical records and in a brief and concise style, the fundamental lines of the relationship Church and society in the period immediately before the Council; next and with this as background, he examines the same relationship in the Gaudium et Spes; and finally, in a very specific way, he examines the relationship as it occurs in current Brazilian society and proposes a greater participation of the Catholic laity.

Chông Yagyong (Tasan) (1762–1836)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yông-Ho Ch’oe
Keyword(s):  
Government Official ◽  
Zhu Xi ◽  
Choson Dynasty ◽  
Four Books ◽  
Choson Korea ◽  
Learning School ◽  
Intellectual Climate

Chông Yagyong was a government official and a scholar of the Sirhak (Practical Learning) school in the late Chosôn dynasty of Korea. He is also known by his literary name Tasan. A man of independent mind, Chông was not satisfied with the conventional interpretation of the Confucian classics. He immersed himself in research on the Six Classics and the Four Books, investigating a whole range of writings by scholars from the Han through the Qing dynasties and searching for the true and original intents of the ancient sages uncorrupted by later interpretations. In the course of clarifying ancient terms and concepts, he frequently challenged the orthodox views of the Song neo-Confucianism that had largely dominated the intellectual climate of Chosôn Korea. Although he frequently praised Zhu Xi, he did not hesitate to point out the shortcomings of the neo-Confucian masters.

The Bargi Invasion of Bengal

1925 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-678
Author(s):  
J. N. Samaddar
Keyword(s):  
Good Deal ◽  
East India Company ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Good Material ◽  
The Subject

Like the invasion of the Danes in England, the incursions of the Bargi in Bengal, were characterized by murder and rapine and every species of atrocity. There is, however, a good deal of difference between the two, for we have nothing comparable to the Anglo-Saxon chronicle to record the latter, and in the matter of other materials, we are sadly lacking. The Nagpur Marhattas have left no historical records. Consequently there are no Marhatta sources. Neither are there any letters in Marathi, at least to my knowledge, on the subject, as these raids were undertaken by the now defunct house of Nagpur. Mr. Hill in his Bengal in 1756–7, has given us a brief summary of the English Factory Records of Fort William, and the old records of the East India Company might, if thoroughly searched, yield good material. The time, however, demanded for this is beyond our power to afford. Besides the above and occasional references here and there, there are, of course, three ether books which can be profitably consulted for the purpose—Salimulla's Tarikh-i-Bangla, Riyazu-s-salatin, and the Seir Mutaherin. This practically exhausts our list of authorities for studying the subject, so far as they are available to the general student.

scholarly journals Problems of time and space in the philosophy of Shūzō Kuki (1888 – 1941)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Lyubov' Borisovna Karelova
Keyword(s):  
Time Correlation ◽  
Edo Period ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Art Works ◽  
Temporal Aspect ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Philosophical Writings

The subject of this research is the philosophy of Shūzō Kuki, which is usually associated with his original concept, built around the concept of iki that simultaneously denotes taste, wealth, sensibility, dignity, reserve, and spontaneity, as well as embodies the aesthetic ideal formed in urban culture of the Edo period (1603 – 1868). The Japanese philosopher is also notable for a number of other intellectual insights. For depicting a holistic image on the philosophical views of Shūzō Kuki, a more extensive array of his works is introduced into the scientific discourse. A significant part of these work have not been translated into the Russian or other foreign languages. This article explores the problems of time and space, which are cross-cutting in the works of Shūzō Kuki  using examples of such philosophical writings as the “Theory of Time”, “What is Anthropology?”, “Problems of Time. Bergson and Heidegger”, “Metaphysical Time”, "Problems of Casualty”. The research employs the method of historical-philosophical reconstruction and sequential textual analysis of sources. Special attention is given to the problems of cyclical time, correlation between the infinite and the finite, and its reflection in the literary or art works, existential-anthropological landscape of space and time, spatial-temporal aspect of casualty and relevance. The conclusion is made on the contribution of Shūzō Kuki to elaboration of the problems of space and time, namely his cross-cultural approach that allows viewing the general philosophical problems from the perspective of both Western and Eastern thought, as well as a distinct  “interdisciplinary” approach towards analysis of the phenomena of space and time, which are viewed from different perspective and acquire different characteristics depending on the angle and aspect of reality of the corresponding context. Thus, there is a variety of concepts of time, which do not eliminate, but complement each other.

scholarly journals FUNDAMENTALS OF COAST EROSION AND DEFENCE

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
R. R. Minikin
Keyword(s):  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Marine Life ◽  
General Law ◽  
Sea Bed ◽  
Personal Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
The Given

"Every ultimate fact is but the first of a new series and every general law only a particular fact of some more general law presently to disclose itself. Ralph Waldo Emerson was not a scientist but he wrote many wise things about human ways and notions. The words of this quotation condense with brevity the whole history of the studies relative to that branch of oceanography devoted to sea behaviour about our shores. Within the last half century there has been a great deal of research on the subject although with different ends in view; some were concerned with marine life and fisheries, some with variation of gravity, others with hydrography and others with the movement of the mobile material on the sea bed, currents and tides. Another type of research of no less importance was the delving into relevant historical records of centuries past of Dutch, French and Italian sea-going map makers. In this connection it was a well known Italian engineer who brought to light the works of a great English chart maker of the Mediterranean, Admiral Henry Smyth (1810) who for twenty years sailed that sea. It is only within recent years that there has been a dissemination of the data collated by these specialist compartmental researches through such Associations as this and it is all to the good of man. The difficulties of hydrodynamic studies are too well-known to require emphasis here excepting to underline the fact that most of the popular quantitative formulae are of a semi-empirical nature. It is therefore easy to appreciate the divergences of opinions of what is essential to a clear understanding and evaluation of the factors that must weigh in the diagnosis of beach behaviour subjected to the complex sea action. It is the purpose of this paper to examine briefly those things recorded from authoritative observations of the phenomena and the reasons and the remedies more usually proposed, or executed for the given conditions in various countries. The author has already suggested elsewhere that the personal approach to these problems should be definitely linked to a sea-sense, in other words a keen interest in and contact with the sea in all its moods.

Dzieje Pałacu Biskupiego w Krakowie w latach 1815-1894

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlena Hajduk
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
National Archive ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Doctoral Dissertation ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Central Archive

THE HISTORY OF THE BISHOP’S PALACE IN THE 19TH CENTURY KRAKOW The subject of my doctoral dissertation is the history of the Bishop’s Palace in Krakow in the 19th Century. The main issue I tried to solve in my thesis was to establish what kind of function had the Bishop’s Palace in Krakow in the 19th Century. In order to gather relevant information I searched archival documents in 26 archives, including in particular: The Archive of the Metropolitan Curia in Krakow, The Archive of the Chapter of the Cathedral in Krakow, The National Archive in Krakow, The Jagiellonian Library, The Central Archive of Historical Records in Warsaw, The Secret Vatican Archive in Rome, The National Archive in Vienna.

Japanese Export Art of the Edo Period and its Influence on European Art

1984 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Impey
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Arts And Crafts ◽  
Edo Period ◽  
The West ◽  
Western Art ◽  
Artistic Production ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
Japanese Export

The opening up of Japan to the west and the consequent influences of the west and of Japan upon each other are remarkable for many reasons, not least of which is the interchange of styles and techniques of the arts and crafts one to the other. The export of Japanese works of art, and the influence upon European artistic production during the Meiji period (though often of works produced during the Edo period) have all but obscured the remarkable effects Japanese export art had upon the west during the period of self-imposed semi-isolation. Of course Japan was also greatly influenced by western art; that is not the subject of this paper, but it is a subject of great interest, worthy of considerable attention.

scholarly journals Connecting Castings for Operation under Conditions of Cyclic Temperature Changes

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Andrzej Drotlew ◽  
Bogdan Piekarski
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cylindrical Shape ◽  
Outer Contour ◽  
Bottom Part ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Cyclic Temperature ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Main Components

The separable connections used in technological equipment of heat treatment furnaces (OTP) are described in this study. The equipment is used for the heat treatment of charges, i.e. for the thermal and thermo-chemical treatment of parts of machines and devices. OTP is used for the charge formation and its transport before, during and after heat treatment operations. Accessories of this type are usually compact structures composed of several or several dozen cast elements. The main components are grates and pillars, which form an outer contour of the OTP and also allow for the correct arrangement of heat-treated parts. To form a relatively rigid structure composed of the grates and pillars, it is necessary to join these components together. For this purpose, various types of separable connections are used, mainly of a cylindrical shape with threaded parts. The subject of this study is focused on the construction and operating conditions of typical OTP structures, as well as the methods of fastening the pillar in a grate, i.e. on the design of the bottom part of the pillar and the hole in the grate in which this pillar is embedded.

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