scholarly journals IMPACT OF EWES ON HEREDITARY AND CHANGABLE SELECTION TRAITS OF PROGENY

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 118-124
Author(s):  
V. Mykytiuk ◽  
O. Severov
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Polygenic Effect ◽  
Maternal Genotype ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Impact ◽  
Three Factor

Organization of the system of conduct of breeding process during consolidation of the new-created types of domestic animals is not possible without application of all complex of genetic and statistic parameters, determining the condition, effectiveness and further progress of breeding work in active part of population. The special place is given to widespread use of analysis of variance, giving possibility to substantiate the results of experiments in stock-breeding and also to reveal statistically influence on changeability of a trait, which is studied, as for each factor separately and sofor their total action. Study wascarried out on materials of primary zootechnic and breeding accounting of sheep at "Runo" SE experimental farm of Dnepropetrovsk region. The program of researches included information about condition of basic economic-useful traits of ewes and their daughters and determination of character of their inheritance depending on condition and development of these traits at ewes. The analysis of variance was conducted on the basis of determination of degree of influence, as for three basic quantitative traitsin common, and so for each oneseparately, in general changeability of a trait. The importance of relationship of the investigated organized factors (live weight, length of wool, wool clip) at mothers was determined on the inheritance of the traits by their daughters by the method of three-factor analysis of variance. This method was offered by R. Fisher, its basis is decomposition of general dispersion on components consisting of the organized and casual factors. Primary material of researches was worked out biometrical according to methods of E. K. Merkuryeva with the use of Microsoft Ecxel and STATISTICA 6.0. Thearticlepresentsthe results of using different methods of statistical analysis of quantitative productive traits at the female lambs of Dnepropetrovsk type of Ascanian Meat-and-Wool breed under the influence of mothers. In terms of practical breeding it is important to know how the differences in productivity of ewes are inherited by their offspring. Analysing productivity of daughters and their mothers in coeval periods, we found significant differences. Daughter dominated their mothers significantly (live weight by 6.8-30.9 %, unwashed wool clip by 11.5-48.8 %) (P> 0.999) by these productive characteristics excluding length of wool.The impact of combined effect of live weight, length and wool clip of mothers on inheritance of daughters’ live weight was determined by three-factor analysis of variance. The results showed that the total share of variance due to the influence of organized factors of mothers’genotypeswas 12.2 %, while the amount of other unaccounted factors was 87.8 %.The following results were obtained at determining the impact of factors, conditioned by maternal genotype. Thus, the total impact of the interaction of three factors of mothers on daughters’ live weight was 4.5%. The combined effect of the interaction of live weight and length wool was most significant– 77.5%, and directly the influence of live weight of mothers oninheritance of this trait in daughters was 10.2% of the total impact of factors, conditioned by maternal genes. But it should be noted that only the impact of mothers’ live weight and total effect of two factors, namely live weight and wool clip (P>0.999), was significant, despite the fact that the percentage of share was 10.2% and 7.6% respectively.At the same time, the combined interaction of three factors of mothers’influence on woollength was 18 %, and of each one separately was 0-0.6 %. It is quite predictably thatthe total impact of the interaction of live weight and length wool was most significant – 50.7 % infactorialvariance and 1.7 % in general one, but the figure was below the probability (P < 0.95). Analysis of the impact of these factors in genetic diversity of influence of motherson daughters’wool clip showed that despite the smallest percentage in the total variance ofimpact of genotypic features of mothers on the manifestation of this trait in daughters – 2% the combined interaction of three factors in factorial variance (ABC) was most significant – 30.0%. Live weight and wool clip of mothers collectively influenced most significantly on variability of wool clip, as evidenced by the high level of interactioninfluence of the above-mentioned characteristics and contributionin factorial variance – 50.6% (P> 0.999). Thus, studies have shown ambiguous nature of the impact of maternal genes on traits expressionin daughters. The essence of this process is not linear and confirms the difficulty in the perception of inheritance as whole and for informal consideration it is clear that pleiotropic as well as polygenic effect of genes is not simply the sum of these genes. In view of the above, it can be argued that keeping in sheep breeding process should be carried out not only as the development of economically useful traits of daughters, but given their inheritance depending on the state and development of these traits in ewes.

The Impact of Student-Teacher Pairings on Teacher Effectiveness

1975 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Teacher Effectiveness ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Student Teacher ◽  
Kindergarten Children ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

This study tests the hypothesis that types of students tend to differ in the benefit that they receive from various types of teachers. Factor analysis was used to identify four types of students (kindergarten children) and four types of teachers. The findings from the analysis of variance procedure were that a certain type of teacher was significantly more effective with one type of student than with another. The knowledge that different types of teachers tend to differ in the success they have with the same type of student, and that different types of students tend to differ in the benefit they receive from the same type of teacher might provide a basis for the matching of students with teachers.

scholarly journals Methodical approaches to assessing the impact of labor development indicators on the performance of enterprises

2019 ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
M.I. Koval ◽  
B.Yu. Melnyk
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Mathematical Tool ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Factors Of Influence ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Management Issues ◽  
Labor Potential

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the possibility of applying new methodological approaches to assess the impact of significant indicators (factors) of labor potential on the results of the enterprise by using methods of factor analysis and obtaining bottlenecks for practical application of relevant management issues aimed at improving the results of research enterprises. The mechanism of application of new methodical approaches to determination of influence of internal indicators (factors) of development of labor potential of the enterprise on the results of financial and economic activity of enterprises by the use of special mathematical tool - methods of the factor analysis are investigated. The choice of indicators that adequately reflect the forms of manifestation of the essence of the studied phenomenon for such a factor analysis is an extremely important problem. Methodology. In our case, sixty-seven indicators characterizing their labor potential were selected at three enterprises. Thirty-six of the most valuable of them were selected due to the use of mathematical statistics, which served as input for factor analysis, as a result of which the authors obtained a matrix of factor loadings of indicators characterizing the labor potential of the studied enterprises. The practical significance of the study іs that, as a result, the most significant factors of influence were identified for each of the studied enterprises. Taking into account these factors, it is possible to effectively manage the development of labor potential of the enterprise in the direction of improving the results of their financial and economic activities.

scholarly journals Monitoring the impact of tyre inflation pressure on tensile properties of forest tractors

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
M. Helexa
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Concrete Surface ◽  
Inflation Pressure ◽  
The Impact

The article discusses monitoring of the impact of tyre inflation pressure on tensile properties of forest tractors. The <br />LKT 81 T forest tractor, manufactured byZŤS TEES, Martin (Slovak Republic) and widely used in Slovakia, was specifically chosen as the mechanised vehicle to be monitored. Tensile properties were examined using standard tensile tests, with a Tatra freight vehicle serving as the load vehicle. Actual measurements were performed on a concrete surface and on soil characterised as gravelly loam whose average moisture was 38%. The statistical methods used to verify the impact of significance from changes in tyre inflation pressure on selected tensile indicators were multi-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Student&rsquo;s t-test. Even though statistical analysis failed to directly confirm significance in the impact of changes of tyre inflation pressure on selected load indicators for a forest tractor fitted with standard tyres, positive changes can be discerned in measured dependencies. The article concludes with a discussion of the results obtained and their possible application in operational practice.

scholarly journals COMPLEX EVALUATION OF RESISTANCE AND STRESS STEADINESS OF CALVES

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
N. N. Makovska ◽  
O. D. Biryukova ◽  
K. V. Bodriashova
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Skin Fold ◽  
Complex Evaluation

The aim of the work was to conduct the complex evaluation of the state of heterospecific resistance and stress steadiness of organism of calves. Materials and methods of researches. A complex scheme was approved for determination of heterospecific resistance of farm animals, which includes application of haematological and immunobiological researches. The work was carried out in "Khrystynivske" breeding farmat the calves of Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breed (n = 20) at the age of 2 months. The father of all the investigated calves was bull Inhibitor 402151. Heterospecific resistance of calves was determined by generally accepted methods. The amount of leucocytes and erythrocytes of blood, phagocytic activity of leucocytes and phagocytosis intensity, lysozyme and bactericidal activity of serum were determined. The adapted eosinophilic test on stress steadiness and histamine test were applied for determination of general immunoreactiveness as a screening test for farm animals. The biometrical processing of data was carried out using М. A. Plokhinskiy method and software Microsoft Excel and Statistica6.0. Results of researches. Phagocytic activity of blood leucocytes, on average, was about 56%, and phagocytosis intensity– 3,5±0,56 microbial cells absorbed by an active leucocyte. The average relative bulge of skin fold (Rv) was about 52% at carrying out histamine test. It is stated that 57% of the investigated animals had a normal immune response, about 24% – mionectic, and 2 heifers were in immunosuppression state. There were 3 individuals with high immunoreactiveness (Rv≥100%). Indexes of bactericidal activity of serum at the investigated calves were from 2,6% to 82%, and on average it was 33,7%±4,9 (р<0,001), and activity of lysozyme was from 1,4% to 83,1% and 21,6%±4,8 (р<0,001) on average. It is noted, that animals which had lower live weight at birth were characterized by lower level of bactericidal activity of serum. Rectilinear correlation dependence between the indexes of phagocytic activity of leucocytes and bactericidal activity of serum (r=+0,54±0,16; р<0,001) was revealed. Positive correlation between bactericidal and lysozyme activity of serum (r=+0, 61±0,15; р<0,001) was found. Weak, but significant correlation between the relative bulge of skin fold (Rv) and phagocytic activity of leucocytes indicates that a histamine test is the adequate marker of heterospecific resistance. The animals which had the greatest live weight at birth were characterized by the greatest level of phagocytic activity of leucocytes of blood, and positive correlation between live weight of new-born calves and indexes of phagocytic activity of leucocytes of blood (r = +0,28 ± 0,13 р<0,01) indicates it. An inverse correlation was also revealed between live weight at the age of 2 months and relative bulge of skin fold (r=-0, 18±0,11; р<0,05), which specifies in the presence of growth delay of calves which are characterized by mionectic reactivity in relation to a heterospecific irritant (histamine). The data of eosinophilic test showed that stress-sensitive individuals were about 58 %. The analysis of variance showed reliable influence of a stress status on live weight at the age of 2 months (Р<0,05) and influence of immunoreactiveness on live weight at the age of 6 months (Р<0,05). It should be noted in addition, that impact of a stress status on live weight at the age of 12 months approached to reliable value (Р=0,06). In general, there was declining of force of influence of both factors on live weight with age. Reliable dependence of a stress status and immunoreactiveness on age of first insemination and age of first calving wasn’t revealed. Conclusions. Individual variability on the indexes of natural resistance and high level of heterospecific resistance in the most of the investigated calves were revealed in progeny of bull Inhibitor. The analysis of variance revealed direct influence of heterospecific resistance on the indexes of individual development of animals. There are pre-conditions in relation to screening application of histamine test and eosinophilic test as informing and economic accessible ones for determination of level of heterospecific resistance and stress steadiness in the system of complex estimation of specifics of pedigree resources.

scholarly journals The Evaluation of Effect of 60-Days Sodium Benzoate Administration on Phase Composition of The Tibia’ Regenerate by Two-Way Anova

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.36) ◽  
pp. 533
Author(s):  
Evgeniy N. Krikun ◽  
Vladyslav V. Luzin ◽  
Olga N. Fastova ◽  
Vitaliy N. Morozov ◽  
Elena N. Morozova
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Sodium Benzoate ◽  
White Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dose Dependent

Currently, sodium benzoate is widely used in the food industry, cosmetology and medicine. The literature provides information about the effect of its introduction on the growth and shaping of bones, the parameters of the crystal lattice of the regenerate formed therein. However, information about the effect of this food additive on the phase composition of the bone regenerate being formed and the degree of this influence is practically absent, which was the purpose of the study. The experiment was conducted on 210 white male rats, divided into 6 groups: 1st - control animals, 2nd and 3rd - rats, daily receiving intragastrically 1 ml of sodium benzoate 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day, respectively for 60 days. The 4th group - rats being inflicted a defect in both tibial bones, and the 5th and 6th - rats being inflicted a defect after the end of the 60-day injection of sodium benzoate. The timing of the experiment after the introduction of sodium benzoate was 3, 10, 15, 24 and 45 days. The area of the forming regenerate of tibial bones was investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis: the percentage content in the mineral of the regenerate of whitlockite, hydroxylapatite and calcite was calculated by the method of internal control. The impact of the introduction of sodium benzoate and the application of the defect on the above indicators was evaluated by two-factor analysis of variance. The results of the study showed that 60-day administration of sodium benzoate leads to an increase in the amorphism of the biomineral of the forming regenerate of tibial bones, the severity and recovery rate of which depends on its administered dose. Thus, the group being inflicted the defect of the tibial bones after the completion of the 60-day administration of sodium benzoate at a dose of 500 mg/kg/day had greater calcite content on day 10 to 45 by 17.88%, 12.88% and 6.63%, and whitlockite - on day 3, 24 and 45 by 14.30%, 4.52% and 6.20%, and hydroxylapatite - less on day 15 to 45 by 3.11%, 3.31% and 2.14%, compared with the defect-inflicted group without the introduction of sodium benzoate. An increase in the administered dose of sodium benzoate up to 1000 mg/kg/day led to aggravation of the identified deviations: the whitlockite content on day 3, 24, and 45 was higher by 16.15%, 6.21% and 9.54%, and the hydroxylapatite content on day 15 to 45 was lower by 3.98%, 4.16% and 3.34%. The conducted two-factor analysis of variance showed that the introduction of sodium benzoate had a significant effect on the change in the content of calcite, whitlockite and hydroxylapatite in the regenerate, the strength and duration of which depends on its administered dose. The maximum power of influence was registered for the increased content of calcite and the decreased content of hydroxylapatite in the mineral of the regenerate on day 45 of the experiment, and for the increased content of whitlockite - on day 3. When a defect was inflicted, the power of influence was maximal for the increased content of calcite and decreased content of hydroxylapatite on day 10, and the increased content of whitlockite - on day 15. In this case, a reverse dose-dependent effect was observed in all periods of the experiment.  

Effects of Age, Sex, and Melodic/Harmonic Patterns on Vocal Pitch-Matching Skills of Talented 8-11-Year-Olds

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall S. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Pitch Matching ◽  
Vocal Pitch ◽  
Three Factor ◽  
Lower Tone

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of age, sex and melodic/harmonic patterns on pitch-matching skills of children. Subjects were 128 talented singers, ages 8-11, equally divided among boys and girls, who sang 16 pitch-matching patterns; 4 patterns were melodic and 12 were harmonic. In 4 harmonic patterns, the upper tone was matched; in another 4, the lower tone was matched, and in the last set, the middle tone was matched. Two judges recorded correct/incorrect responses across 1,536 trials with 85% agreements. Results of a three-factor analysis of variance with repeated measures indicated no differences between age or sex groups and significant differences among pitch-matching tasks. More errors were made on matching the middle pitch of a chord than on any other trials. Singing the lower pitch of two tones was more difficult than matching the higher pitch of two tones or singing back a short melody. A task hierarchy for children's part-singing is suggested.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document