scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF ANTHROPOGENIC LOAD ON THE VESELUKHA SMALL RIVER BASIN

2019 ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
І. V. Gopchak ◽  
T. O. Basiuk
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Basin ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
The State ◽  
Small River ◽  
Anthropogenic Load ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Small River Basin

Relevance of research. As a result of economic activities and irrational use of water and land resources in small river basins there are problems connected with pollution, destruction of natural landscape complexes of river valleys and adjoining territories, engineering reorganization of canals and floodplains as a result of melioration works. All these changes in river basins require operational control and response, which is possible only if real estimation of the level of anthropogenic load on river basins is carried out and the limits of permissible economic interference in their ecosystem are determined. The purpose of research – assessment of the ecological condition of the basin of the Veselukha River by the criteria of anthropogenic load. Research methods. The analysis of anthropogenic load and evaluation of the ecological condition of the Veselukha River basin was carried out in accordance with "Methodology for calculation of anthropogenic load and classification of the ecological state of small river basins of Ukraine". The calculation was made using the logic-mathematical model "Small River Basin", for four independent models of the main subsystems of the river basin: radioactive contamination of the territory, land use, use of river runoff, water quality. The quantitative and qualitative anthropogenic conditions by various indicators of four subsystems for classification of the ecological state of the river basin were estimated. Research results. According to the state of radioactive contamination, the area of the river catchment was estimated as "satisfactory". Based on the results of the analysis, the integrated value of land use was 3.7 and the state of the subsystem "Use of land" in the basin of the Veselukha river was determined as "good". The general state of river runoff use in the basin based on the joint effect of all these indicators of anthropogenic load on the state of the subsystem "Use of river runoff" was evaluated as "good" with a quantitative value of 3.0. The general condition of the subsystem "Water Quality" in the basin of the Veselukha River is characterized by the IV class of water quality, it corresponds to "polluted", with a quantitative level of -1. According to the results of the integrated assessment of all subsystems of the river basin, an induction coefficient of anthropogenic load (ICAN) was specified as is -1.0 and classifies the ecological state of the Veselukha River basin as "minor changes".

scholarly journals Geomorphologic Analysis of Small River Basin within the Framework of Fractal Tree

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2480
Author(s):  
Meiyan Feng ◽  
Kwansue Jung ◽  
Joo-Cheol Kim
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Small River ◽  
Channel Network ◽  
Limited Region ◽  
Anisotropic Property ◽  
Small River Basin ◽  
Bifurcation Process ◽  
Geomorphologic Analysis

This paper presents the modified framework of geomorphologic analysis based on the concept of fractal tree. Especially, it is intended to provide hydrologic practitioners with the information on the fractal property of small river basins. To this end, the complete drainage path network is applied to a growth process of a fractal tree for the basin of interest by connecting a channel network to overland drainage pathways. The growth process of a fractal tree would occur only within the limited region possessing channel flow properties in a natural river basin. The exponent of the intra basin type of Hack’s law could show a variable trend in small river basins mainly due to anisotropic property of the catchment planform. The bifurcation process of a drainage path network might be more sensitive to the growth step of the fractal tree than the meandering process of drainage path segment. The fractal dimension from the sinuosity of a channel segment is relatively stable compared to the one from the bifurcation process of the network, so that the geomorphologic features of a small river basin can be characterized by the anisotropic property of catchment planform as well as the bifurcation property of drainage path network with the growth of the fractal tree.

scholarly journals Impact of ponds and reservoirs construction on the environmental safety of small river basins of the steppe zone of Ukraine (the case of Dnipropetrovsk region)

2020 ◽  
pp. 158-166
Author(s):  
V. G. Andrieiev ◽  
H. V. Hapich
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Environmental Hazards ◽  
Small River ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Ecological State

Formulation of the problem. For the last 30 years, water management in the basins of small rivers in the steppe zone of Ukraine has led to a deterioration of the environmental safety in water use. The current ecological state of small rivers is close to critical, and for today some river basins are subject to catastrophic environmental changes. Almost all small rivers from 70 to 100% in the south and central water-short regions of Ukraine are under regulation due to the construction of a large number of ponds and reservoirs. In most cases, this causes a lack of transportation and low self-cleaning ability. Thus, the conservation, restoration and rational use of water, based on the principles of basin management, should get started along with the improvement of the ecosystems of small rivers.Research results. The paper describes the dynamics of changes in water management, which shows a rapid increase in the number of new ponds in the period of 1990 - 2018 almost threefold. At the same time, the overall dynamics of water consumption in the region in the same period decreased fourfold. Unjustified imbalance between the construction of new facilities and water demand was determined, as well as non-compliance with the current statutory provisions. Due to the transformation of natural watercourses into cascades of "evaporator ponds" an ecologically dangerous transformation of small river basins with the change of hydrological, hydrochemical, hydrobiological and sanitary regimes takes place. To evaluate the level of environmental hazards associated with water management, it is proposed to determine the river fragmentation coefficient, which is the ratio of the number of ponds and reservoirs to the length of the river. When evaluating the environmental hazard for rivers in a specific territory (administrative area, district or catchment area), the fragmentation coefficient is determined by the ratio of the number of ponds and reservoirs to the size of the territory. Comparative analysis indicates that Dnipropetrovsk region is one of the most environmentally dangerous in terms of the negative impact of river basins fragmentation by artificial reservoirs. The case of a small river basin (the Nyzhnia Tersa River) presents the application of the approach to evaluate the level of environmental safety associated with water management. It is proposed a mechanism for increasing the level of environmental safety in water use by observing and implementing heterogeneous groups of indicators that determine the overall efficiency of the river ecosystem functioning.Conclusions. In order to stabilize and restore the hydrological and ecological state of small rivers in the steppe zone of Ukraine, it is important to: 1) make a detailed evaluation of the compliance of the available number of ponds and small reservoirs in river basins with the requirements of the Water Code of Ukraine; 2) prove ecologically and economically the feasibility of further operation for each individual reservoir and structure; 3) develop regional programs for the elimination of ponds and reservoirs that do not fulfil their water management functions and cause environmental hazards to the functioning of the river basin ecosystem; 4) improve methodological approaches to evaluation of the environmental safety of water facilities in small river basins.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF ANTROPOGENIC LOADING AT TURIA BASIN IN VOLYN REGION

2018 ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
I. Netrobchuk ◽  
L. Mykoliuk
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Radioactive Contamination ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
The State ◽  
Anthropogenic Loading

The purpose of the study is to assess the anthropogenic load and to determine the ecological status of the Turia river basin in order to develop measures to improve it. The calculation of anthropogenic loading and assessment of the ecological status of the river basin was carried out in accordance with the method of determining the induction coefficient (ICAL), developed by A. Jacyk. According to the method, the general state of the river basin is considered as four independent main subsystems: “Radioactive contamination of the territory”, “Land use”, “Use of river runoff”, “Water quality”. The value of the primary indicators of the subsystem of land and water use is transformed into points and provides a qualitative characteristic for each of them. Then they calculate the complex index and determine the class of the status of the use of the subsystem on a scale. It was established that there is no radioactive contamination of land in the Turia river basin. According to the natural-agricultural zoning of Ukraine, the Turiar river basin, with a total area of 2,900 km2, is located in the Polisch Province of Western Ukraine. The level of land use resources in the basin is significant in all indicators and the state of the subsystem is rated as “extremely unsatisfactory” with a quantitative level of -3.2. It is also noted that in the Turia river basin there was a low irreversible water consumption and a discharge of water into the river network with quantitative measure 3. At the same time, very high discharges of polluted sewage and a high use of river runoff were observed and estimated at -5 and -3 points respectively. Consequently, the state of the subsystem “Use of river runoff” in the basin of the river Turia for the level of water consumption is classified as “bad” with a quantitative measure of 0.8. The state of the subsystem “Water Quality”, according to the integral ecological index (2.4), described the water as category 2 of the second class (“pure”) with a quantitative measure 1. In general, the ecological status of the river basin of the river Turia was classified as “bad”, and the level of anthropogenic loading by magnitude ICAN was -0.62, which testifies to a violation of the norms of management in it while using land and water resources. Hence, an estimation of anthropogenic load on the river basin is very important for the formation of environmental protection and the establishment of indicators that most influence the ecological status of the river. It is important to develop engineering and organizational measures to solve existing problems in its catchment. All this outlines the prospect of further research in the basins of the Volyn region rivers.

Survey of the Ecological State of Eight Man-Made Lakes Within the City Limits of Freiburg, Germany

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-310
Author(s):  
Agnes G. Pulvermüller ◽  
Heidulf E. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Secchi Depth ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
The City ◽  
Oxygen Profiles

Abstract The survey of the ecological condition of eight lakes within the city limits of Freiburg included hydrochemical measurements and analyses (oxygen profiles, Secchi depth, pH, biochemical oxygen demand) together with biological parameters (chlorophyll a, phytoplanktonbiomass, Escherichia coli counts), as well as parasitic examinations. Only some of the investigated parameters are presented here. Seven of the eight lakes were found to be eutrophic. The process of eutrophication appears to be still in progress. One lake can be considered to be hypertrophic. Schistosome dermatitis was observed. The water quality in general was considered to be acceptable; suggestions to maintain or improve the water quality are made.

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