scholarly journals INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) APPLICATIONS USING THE LORAWAN PROTOCOL FOR MONITORING IRRIGATED LAND

2019 ◽  
pp. 130-139
Author(s):  
V. P. Kovalchuk ◽  
T. V. Matіash ◽  
V. V. Knysh ◽  
O. P. Voitovich ◽  
A. V. Kruchenyuk
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Radio Signal ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Practical Research ◽  
Irrigated Lands ◽  
Terminal Units ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The article analyzes available information on the application of the Internet of Things (IoT) for agriculture. It is pointed out that for large areas remote from cities and power supply sources for fields and farms, the construction of traditional communication channels is expensive enough, and classical mobile technologies for solving business problems are only partially suitable. Therefore, the article analyzes the practical approaches to using the Internet of Things (IoT) to monitor irrigated lands. The possibility of connecting soil moisture, temperature, pressure, direction and speed wind sensors based on LoRaWAN protocol to Internet gateways (base stations) without payment for cellular communication, additional power supply, deployment of complex Wi-Fi networks in the field was studied. Practical results on the characteristics of the sensors in the field, setting up a guaranteed LoRaWAN base station (gateway) connection, technical characteristics and causes of possible equipment malfunction were obtained. That is, the purpose of the study was to develop a budget solution for practical research and use of the Internet of Things (IoT) using the LoRaWAN protocol to monitor weather and soil moisture on irrigated lands. Among the main results of the study are the following. Equipment features and the specifics of sensors allocation and their terrain settings based on LoRaWAN protocol were studied, in particular: technical characteristics (operating frequencies, material, length, connection types and antenna placement height, radio signal transmission range and quality); use of different power sources (different types of batteries and solar panels surfaces); features of field operation (possible interference with radio signal propagation, dependence on the effect of pests, temperature fluctuations); encryption when exchanging data. A budget solution for monitoring meteorological indicators, soil moisture on irrigated lands was developed. A wireless monitoring network based on the LoRaWAN protocol was deployed in the irrigated fields of the SE ES of Askaniye of Kakhovsky District State in the Kherson region, consisting of 1 base station and 5 terminal units up to 2 km away. It was found that LoRa technology enables to control the channel expansion coefficient by determining the data transmitted over a period of time. It is determined that for the successful operation of wireless systems, an important issue is the proper radio planning and designing solutions for specific customer tasks. When deploying wireless networks, basic requirements for the reliability of the base stations and terminal units were identified and investigated. The developed budget solution for practical research and application of the Internet of Things (IoT) using the LoRaWAN protocol was compared with the Pessl Instruments GmbH and Davis Instruments Co brand developments to monitor weather, soil moisture on irrigated lands were. Among the most important findings are the development of a budget solution for monitoring meteorological indicators, soil moisture on irrigated lands consisting of 1 base station (gateway) of and 5 terminal units (monitoring stations). The coverage area of the base station with a base antenna for LoRaWAN was 0.6 km, with augmented and refined antenna - 2 km. Sensor data is advisable to transmit in 30-40 bytes per a send, with an expansion factor of SF = 12 without loss of quality. The best signal quality was ensured in the line of sight from the base station to the monitoring station.

scholarly journals AUTOMATION USING IOT IN GREENHOUSE ENVIRONMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 38-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer S. Raj ◽  
Vijitha Ananthi J
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Embedded System ◽  
Climatic Condition ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Green House ◽  
Large Structures ◽  
The Embedded System ◽  
House Automation ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Green house is generally a building of small or large structures. The structure of the green house is made of walls and the translucent roof, with the capability of maintaining the planned climatic condition. It ensures the growth of plants that requires a specified level of soil moisture, sunlight, humidity and temperature. The green house systems available are human monitored systems that entail the continuous human visit causing distress to the worker and also decrease in the yield if the temperature and the humidity are not properly and regularly maintained. This paves way for the concept of the green house automation. The green house automation formed by the incorporation of the Internet of things and the embedded system addresses the problem faced in the green house and provides with the automated controlling and monitoring of the green house environment replacing the undeviating administration of the farmers. This paper also proposes the automation using internet of things in green house environment by using the Netduino 3 and employing the sensors for the sensing the moisture, temperature, sunlight and humidity, to enhance the production rate and minimize the discomfort caused to the farmers.

A Location Based Energy Proficient Path Routing for Internet of Things and Its Applications

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Arulanantham D ◽  
Pradeepkumar G ◽  
Palanisamy C ◽  
Dineshkumar Ponnusamy
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Consumer Electronics ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) is an establishment with sensors, base station, gateway, and network servers. IoT is an efficient and intellectual system that minimizes human exertion as well as right to use to real devices. This method also has an autonomous control property by which any device can control without any human collaboration. IoT-based automation has become very reasonable and it has been applied in several sectors such as manufacturing, transport, health care, consumer electronics, etc. In WSN’s smaller energy consumption sensors are expected to run independently for long phases. So much ongoing researches on implementing routing protocols for IoTbased WSNs.Energy consciousness is an essential part of IoT based WSN design issue. Minimalizing Energy consumption is well-thought-out as one of the key principles in the Expansion of routing protocols for the Internet of things. In this paper, we propose a Location based Energy efficient path routing for Internet of things and its applications its sensor position and clustering based finding the shortest path and real time implementation of Arduino based wireless sensor network architecture with the ESP8266 module. Finally, analyze the principles of Location-based energy-efficient routing and performance of QoS parameters, and then implemented automatic gas leakage detection and managing system.

scholarly journals OSA Patient Monitoring System Based on the Internet of Things Framework

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangming Cai ◽  
Jingrong Le ◽  
Xuxin Ruan ◽  
Min Du
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Comparative Trial ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Base Station ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Application Layer ◽  
Positioning Accuracy ◽  
Communication Satellite ◽  
The Internet Of Things

This paper presents an OSA patient interactive monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) framework. This system allows OSA patients to get timely rescue when they are sleepy outside. Because the Beidou position marker has an interactive function, it can reduce the anxiety of the patient while waiting for the rescue. At the same time, if a friend helps the OSA patients to call the doctor, the friend can also report the patient's condition in time. This system uses the popular IoT framework. At the bottom is the data acquisition layer, which uses wearable sensors to collect vital signs from patients, with a focus on ECG and SpO2 signals. The middle layer is the network layer that transmits the collected physiological signals to the Beidou indicator using the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) protocol. The top layer is the application layer, and the application layer uses the mature rescue interactive platform of Beidou. Since the GPS indicator has not included the communication satellite, So it has no SMS function. OSA patients can only passively wait for a rescue. Moreover, due to the lack of satellites in Asia and the insufficient density of the ground-enhanced system, the positioning error of OSA patients is large. The Beidou system developed by China itself, the main coverage of the satellite is in Asia, and is equipped with a high-density ground-based augmentation system. Therefore, the Beidou model improves the positioning accuracy and is equipped with a special communication satellite, which increases the short message interaction function. Therefore, patients can report disease progression in time while waiting for a rescue. After our simulation test, the effectiveness of the OSA patient rescue monitoring system based on the Internet of Things framework and the positioning accuracy of OSA patients have been greatly improved. Especially when OSA patients work outdoors, the cell phone base station signal coverage is relatively weak. The satellite signal is well covered, plus the SMS function of the Beidou indicator. Therefore, the system can be used to provide timely patient progress and provide data support for the medical rescue team to provide a more accurate rescue plan. After a comparative trial, the rescue rate of OSA patients using the detection device of this system was increased by 15 percentage points compared with the rescue rate using only GPS satellite phones.

scholarly journals Efficient Deployment of Small Cell Base Stations Mounted on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for the Internet of Things Infrastructure

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 7460-7471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad Sobouti ◽  
Zahra Rahimi ◽  
Amir Hossein Mohajerzadeh ◽  
Seyed Amin Hosseini Seno ◽  
Reza Ghanbari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Cell Base

Data Privacy Preservation in Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Multi-Secret Sharing Scheme

2013 ◽  
Vol 411-414 ◽  
pp. 141-144
Author(s):  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Zhen Yu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Multiple Secrets ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Internet of things is widespread concerned by the whole society now. As an important component of the Internet of things, wireless sensor network has wide application prospect in various fields such as medical and health, military defense. The traditional data privacy protection technology of PKI system used in the WSN networks has its own weakness. This paper presents the secret key sharing mechanism to protect data privacy. The secret key, remote node and base station used to communicate, was divided into multiple secrets. The multiple secrets were distributed in the nodes which connect directly to the base station node. Only through collect more than threshold number of multi-secret that can decrypt the communication data between the base station and the remote node. To be safer, we used digital watermarking technology to protect the data transmission between the base station and the aggregate node. These techniques combined with the data slice, homomorphism encryption technology to protect data privacy, construct a safe and efficient wireless sensor networks.

scholarly journals Resource scheduling based on routing tree and detection matrix for Internet of things

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 155014772110038
Author(s):  
Hongying Bai ◽  
Xiaotong Zhang ◽  
Yuxin Liu ◽  
Yingdong Xie
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Time Slot ◽  
Resource Scheduling ◽  
Base Station ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Slot Allocation ◽  
Time Slot Allocation ◽  
Slot Scheduling ◽  
Routing Tree ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Effective scheduling of limited communication resources is one of the critical methods for data transmission in the Internet of things. However, the time slot utilization rate of many existing resource scheduling methods of Internet of things is not high. This article proposes a new efficient resource scheduling based on routing tree and detection matrix for Internet of things. In heterogeneous Internet of things, according to the different working modes and functions, the nodes are divided into Internet of things devices, routing nodes, and base station. We use time slot multiplexing to improve the time slot utilization of continuous transmission in Internet of things. First, the time slot allocation table in a round is obtained by the time slot scheduling based on the routing tree. Then, the collision matrix and the transmission matrix are established based on the time slot allocation table in a round. Finally, the minimum time slot scheduling in continuous rounds is determined based on the routing tree and the detection matrix. The experimental results show that the resource scheduling based on routing tree and detection matrix effectively improves the utilization of time slots and improves the throughput of the Internet of things.

scholarly journals Efficient Energy Utilization with Device Placement and Scheduling in the Internet of Things

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Yanli Zhu ◽  
Xiaoping Yang ◽  
Yi Hong ◽  
Youfang Leng ◽  
Chuanwen Luo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Approximation Algorithm ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Area Coverage ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Minimum Energy Consumption ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technologies, such as LoRa, Sigfox, and NB-IoT, bring new renovation to the wireless communication between end devices in the Internet of things (IoT), which can provide larger coverage and support a large number of IoT devices to connect to the Internet with few gateways. Based on these technologies, we can directly deploy IoT devices on the candidate locations to cover targets or the detection area without considering multihop data transmission to the base station like the traditional wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we investigate the problems of the minimum energy consumption of IoT devices for target coverage through placement and scheduling (MTPS) and minimum energy consumption of IoT devices for area coverage through placement and scheduling (MAPS). In the problems, we consider both the placement and scheduling of IoT devices to monitor all targets (or the whole detection area) such that all targets (or the whole area) are (or is) continuously observed for a certain period of time. The objectives of the problems are to minimize the total energy consumption of the IoT devices. We first, respectively, propose the mathematical models for the MTPS and MAPS problems and prove that they are NP-hard. Then, we study two subproblems of the MTPS problem, minimum location coverage (MLC), and minimum energy consumption scheduling deployment (MESD) and propose an approximation algorithm for each of them. Based on these two subproblems, we propose an approximation algorithm for the MTPS problem. After that, we investigate the minimum location area coverage (MLAC) problem and propose an algorithm for it. Based on the MLAC and MESD problems, we propose an approximation algorithm to solve the MAPS problem. Finally, extensive simulation results are given to further verify the performance of the proposed algorithms.

scholarly journals An Improved Energy-Aware Clustering Method for The Regional Queries in The Internet of Things

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arezoo Khatibi ◽  
Omid Khatibi
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Base Station ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Heterogeneous Cluster ◽  
Energy Aware ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
Index Tree ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Abstract We will offer a method to improve energy efficient consumption for processing queries on the Internet of Things. We focused on an energy efficient hierarchical clustering index tree such that we can facilitate time-correlated region queries in the I.o.T (Internet of Things). We try to improve clustering and make a change on its proposed index tree. We try to do this by optimizing the query processing. We improve clustering to increase the accuracy of the Internet of Things and prevent the network from disconnecting. In the article that we have chosen, there is a heterogeneous cluster which means there exists a large data difference in the two ends of a cluster. Also, it often happens that the same information is sent to the base station by two overlapping clusters; therefore, we save energy by eliminating duplicated data.

scholarly journals IoT in Agriculture: A Smart Forming in Apartment Building at Sultanate of Oman

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamiya Yousuf AlSarmi ◽  
Puttaswamy M. R.
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Apartment Building ◽  
Smart Farming ◽  
Key Sectors ◽  
The Internet Of Things

  The world strives to exploit the fourth revolution in technology, including the great developments such as the Internet of Things (IoT) to improve life. IoT technology is used in many areas of life from industry health and environment to personal life. Agriculture is, therefore, one of the key sectors of life that have benefited from modern technology such as the use of drones for crop assessment, irrigation, monitoring and mapping, big data in crop analysis for companies and countries. The Internet of Things was not far off as it was introduced to monitor plant irrigation. Increased awareness of the environment and the exploitation of small and semi-enclosed areas in agriculture and turning them into green areas. The IoT technology converts this process into intelligent and dynamic based on wireless sensing with the help of the device programmed by the Arduino. This data is collected in Power BI what to help in the future development of the device and analysis of the data. The device senses soil moisture and temperature and connects it to its cloud platform for optimal management of future planting. The device senses soil moisture and temperature and connects it to its cloud power BI platform for optimal management of future planting. This technology helps reduce agricultural costs and labor. Therefore, this paper proposes an intelligent system with the help of the Internet of Things in the management of smart farming in apartment building with the help of Arduino.

scholarly journals Perancangan Purwarupa Alat Penyiraman Otomatis pada Tanaman Pisang dengan Internet of Things (IoT)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Fadjri Ramadhan ◽  
Irfan Ardiansah ◽  
Roni Kastaman
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Banana Plant ◽  
Moisture Sensor ◽  
Soil Moisture Sensor ◽  
Excess Water ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Banana is one of the commodities that have nutritional value and high economic value. In order to produce a nice fruit and a high economic value, these plants must grow well. The Factors that can cause the plant to grow well, one of them is water. Water is used by plants, to grow root, stem, leaves and also maturation the fruit. When the plant doesn’t have water, growth will be stunted even death. In addition to deficiencies, excess water on the plant can also cause spoilage. Therefore, needed a tool which can watering plants, especially banana plant. The tool can be made using Arduino. Arduino is brand platform microcontroller that can control various sensors from soil moisture sensor, humidity sensor even it can apply the concept of the Internet of Things. The purpose of this research is to create a prototype automatic watering tool uses concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) to find out the condition of banana plant in real-time. The results obtained, the automatic watering tool successfully built and functional according the design, starting from the arduino that can control the soil moisture sensor to read current soil moisture, insert the data into the database, and the pump doesn’t on, because the moisture didn’t under 41% or in dry condition during the research. These data also sent to the user with a method of push notification.Keywords: Arduino, Banana, Internet of Things, Pushbullet, Push notification

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