Clinical Test of Indomethacin

Background Suppression is associated with binocular vision conditions such as amblyopia and strabismus. Commercial methods of testing fusion often only measure central fusion or suppression at near. The purpose of this pilot study was to assess a new iPad picture fusion test that assesses foveal and central fusion at near. Methods Participants aged 5 years and older presenting for eye examination at The Ohio State University College of Optometry were enrolled. Results from visual acuity, dry and wet refraction/retinoscopy, stereopsis and cover testing were recorded from the patient chart. The iPad picture fusion test, Worth four-dot, Worth type test with foveal letter targets, and Polarized four-dot were performed by one examiner in a randomized order at 40 cm. Testing was repeated with the anaglyphic filters reversed. Crosstabulation and McNemar chi-square analysis were used to compare the results between fusion testing devices. Results Of the fifty participants (mean age = 17.5), twelve reported suppression and one reported diplopia. Testability was excellent for all tests (98% to 100%). There were no significant differences between tests in reported results (P ≥ 0.22 for all comparisons). No difference in reported fusion or suppression status was observed with change in orientation of the anaglyphic filters. Six participants reported foveal suppression alone at near which was not identified with Worth four-dot at near. Conclusion The iPad picture fusion test provided excellent testability and agreement with commonly used tests of fusion and allowed testing of both central and foveal fusion at near. Nearly half (46%) of participants with suppression reported foveal suppression, supporting the importance of testing for foveal suppression.

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Wrist-wearable bioelectrical impedance analyzer with miniature electrodes for daily obesity management

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-79667-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Myoung Hoon Jung ◽

Kak Namkoong ◽

Yeolho Lee ◽

Young Jun Koh ◽

Kunsun Eom ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contact Resistance ◽

Body Fat ◽

Bioelectrical Impedance ◽

The Body ◽

Upper Body ◽

Sensor Technology ◽

Clinical Test ◽

Obesity Management ◽

Impedance Analyzer ◽

Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer

AbstractBioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is used to analyze human body composition by applying a small alternating current through the body and measuring the impedance. The smaller the electrode of a BIA device, the larger the impedance measurement error due to the contact resistance between the electrode and human skin. Therefore, most commercial BIA devices utilize electrodes that are large enough (i.e., 4 × 1400 mm2) to counteract the contact resistance effect. We propose a novel method of compensating for contact resistance by performing 4-point and 2-point measurements alternately such that body impedance can be accurately estimated even with considerably smaller electrodes (outer electrodes: 68 mm2; inner electrodes: 128 mm2). Additionally, we report the use of a wrist-wearable BIA device with single-finger contact measurement and clinical test results from 203 participants at Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital. The correlation coefficient and standard error of estimate of percentage body fat were 0.899 and 3.76%, respectively, in comparison with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. This result exceeds the performance level of the commercial upper-body portable body fat analyzer (Omron HBF-306). With a measurement time of 7 s, this sensor technology is expected to provide a new possibility of a wearable bioelectrical impedance analyzer, toward obesity management.

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Toward a Clinical Test of Lumbar Spine Kinesthesia

Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy ◽

10.2519/jospt.1996.24.6.354 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 354-358 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

Lorrie Maffey-Ward ◽

Gwendolen Jull ◽

Louise Wellington

Keyword(s):

Lumbar Spine ◽

Clinical Test

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Evaluation attempt of own body sensing amongst persons with and without scoliosis

Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation ◽

10.3233/bmr-191761 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Elżbieta Szczygieł ◽

Agata Gigoń ◽

Izabela Cebula Chudyba ◽

Golec Joanna ◽

Golec Edward

Keyword(s):

Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽

Sensory Integration ◽

Head Position ◽

Clinical Test ◽

Spine Deformity ◽

Functional Tests ◽

Body Proportion ◽

Average Value ◽

Age Range

BACKGROUND: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a common structural spine deformity affecting 2%–4% of adolescents. Due to the unknown cause of idiopathic scoliosis, its therapy is a long-term and often unsatisfactory process. In the literature, it is often suggested that problems related to the feeling of one’s own body are caused by AIS. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the feeling of one’s own body among children with and without scoliosis on the example of feeling the head position, pelvis shape and balance. METHOD: The research included 62 children: 30 with scoliosis and 25 without diagnosed scoliosis with an age range between 11 to 19 years. The minimum scoliosis value was 7∘ and the maximum was 53∘. The average value was 25∘. During the study, three functional tests were used: Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPET), Clinical Test of Sensory Integration on Balance (CTSIB) and Body proportion demonstration test (BPDT). RESULTS: The results of the tests showed statistically significant differences (CJPET p= 3.54* 10-14, CTSIB p= 0.0376, BPDT p= 0.0127). However, none of the studies showed a correlation between the results of people with scoliosis and the value of their Cobb angles.

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Qualitative and quantitative assessment of magnetic vestibular stimulation in humans

Journal of Vestibular Research ◽

10.3233/ves-201538 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

pp. 353-361

Author(s):

Rebecca S. Dewey ◽

Rachel Gomez ◽

Chris Degg ◽

David M. Baguley ◽

Paul M. Glover

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Objective Measure ◽

Quantitative Measure ◽

Vestibular Stimulation ◽

Initial Study ◽

Clinical Test ◽

Healthy Control ◽

Student’S T ◽

The Impact ◽

The Magnetic Field

The sensation of phantom motion or exhibition of bodily sway is often reported in the proximity of an MR scanner. It is proposed that the magnetic field stimulates the vestibular system. There are a number of possible mechanisms responsible, and the relative contributions of susceptibility on the otolithic receptors and the Lorentz force on the cupulae have not yet been explored. This exploratory study aims to investigate the impact of being in the proximity of a 7.0 T MR scanner. The modified clinical test of sensory interaction on balance (mCTSIB) was used to qualitatively ascertain whether or not healthy control subjects who passed the mCTSIB in normal conditions 1) experienced subjective sensations of dizziness, vertigo or of leaning or shifting in gravity when in the magnetic field and 2) exhibited visibly increased bodily sway whilst in the magnetic field compared to outside the magnetic field. Condition IV of the mCTSIB was video recorded outside and inside the magnetic field, providing a semi-quantitative measure of sway. For condition IV of the mCTSIB (visual and proprioceptive cues compromised), all seven locations/orientations around the scanner yielded significantly more sway than at baseline (p < 0.01 FDR). A Student’s t-test comparing the RMS velocity of a motion marker on the upper arm during mCTSIB condition IV showed a significant increase in the amount of motion exhibited in the field (T = 2.59; d.f. = 9; p = 0.029) compared to outside the field. This initial study using qualitative measures of sway demonstrates that there is evidence for MR-naïve individuals exhibiting greater sway while performing the mCTSIB in the magnetic field compared to outside the field. Directional polarity of sway was not significant. Future studies of vestibular stimulation by magnetic fields would benefit from the development of a sensitive, objective measure of balance function, which can be performed inside a magnetic field.

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ApneaDetector

Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive Mobile Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies ◽

10.1145/3463514 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 1-22

Author(s):

Xianda Chen ◽

Yifei Xiao ◽

Yeming Tang ◽

Julio Fernandez-Mendoza ◽

Guohong Cao

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Wearable Sensors ◽

Machine Learning Techniques ◽

Clinical Test ◽

Learning Techniques ◽

Apnea Detection ◽

Hospital Visits ◽

Calibration Techniques ◽

Data Calibration

Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder in which breathing is briefly and repeatedly interrupted. Polysomnography (PSG) is the standard clinical test for diagnosing sleep apnea. However, it is expensive and time-consuming which requires hospital visits, specialized wearable sensors, professional installations, and long waiting lists. To address this problem, we design a smartwatch-based system called ApneaDetector, which exploits the built-in sensors in smartwatches to detect sleep apnea. Through a clinical study, we identify features of sleep apnea captured by smartwatch, which can be leveraged by machine learning techniques for sleep apnea detection. However, there are many technical challenges such as how to extract various special patterns from the noisy and multi-axis sensing data. To address these challenges, we propose signal denoising and data calibration techniques to process the noisy data while preserving the peaks and troughs which reflect the possible apnea events. We identify the characteristics of sleep apnea such as signal spikes which can be captured by smartwatch, and propose methods to extract proper features to train machine learning models for apnea detection. Through extensive experimental evaluations, we demonstrate that our system can detect apnea events with high precision (0.9674), recall (0.9625), and F1-score (0.9649).

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Opioid Induced Hyperalgesia, a Research Phenomenon or a Clinical Reality? Results of a Canadian Survey

Journal of Personalized Medicine ◽

10.3390/jpm10020027 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 27

Author(s):

Grisell Vargas-Schaffer ◽

Suzie Paquet ◽

Andrée Neron ◽

Jennifer Cogan

Keyword(s):

Chronic Pain ◽

Nmda Antagonist ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Clinical Test ◽

Physician Practice ◽

Clinical Tests ◽

Opioid Rotation ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Opioid Induced Hyperalgesia ◽

Age Range

Background: Very little is known regarding the prevalence of opioid induced hyperalgesia (OIH) in day to day medical practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physician’s perception of the prevalence of OIH within their practice, and to assess the level of physician’s knowledge with respect to the identification and treatment of this problem. Methods: An electronic questionnaire was distributed to physicians who work in anesthesiology, chronic pain, and/or palliative care in Canada. Results: Of the 462 responses received, most were from male (69%) anesthesiologists (89.6%), in the age range of 36 to 64 years old (79.8%). In this study, the suspected prevalence of OIH using the average number of patients treated per year with opioids was 0.002% per patient per physician practice year for acute pain, and 0.01% per patient per physician practice year for chronic pain. Most physicians (70.2%) did not use clinical tests to help make a diagnosis of OIH. The treatment modalities most frequently used were the addition of an NMDA antagonist, combined with lowering the opioid doses and using opioid rotation. Conclusions: The perceived prevalence of OIH in clinical practice is a relatively rare phenomenon. Furthermore, more than half of physicians did not use a clinical test to confirm the diagnosis of OIH. The two main treatment modalities used were NMDA antagonists and opioid rotation. The criteria for the diagnosis of OIH still need to be accurately defined.

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