Well-Preserved Cholinergic Neuronal Activity in the Brain Cortex of the Severely Uremic Rats

Renal Failure ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 551-554
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Tanaka ◽  
Hideki Hirakata ◽  
Hidetoshi Kanai ◽  
Itsuko Ishida ◽  
Masatoshi Fujishima
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Brain Cortex ◽  
The Brain

A new experimental animal for the study of age-related changes in serotonergic neuronal activity in the brain cortex

1987 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Yamaguchi ◽  
Masashi Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Experimental Animal ◽  
Brain Cortex ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Age Related Changes

The Influence of Neuronal Activity on Breast Tumor Metastasis to the Brain

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Majewska ◽  
Edward B. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Breast Tumor ◽  
Tumor Metastasis ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Intermittent Hypoxic Conditioning Rescues Cognition and Mitochondrial Bioenergetic Profile in the Triple Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 461
Author(s):  
Sónia C. Correia ◽  
Nuno J. Machado ◽  
Marco G. Alves ◽  
Pedro F. Oliveira ◽  
Paula I. Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Brain Cortex ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Mitochondrial Bioenergetics ◽  
Related Phenotype ◽  
Brain Resilience ◽  
The Brain

The lack of effective disease-modifying therapeutics to tackle Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is unsettling considering the actual prevalence of this devastating neurodegenerative disorder worldwide. Intermittent hypoxic conditioning (IHC) is a powerful non-pharmacological procedure known to enhance brain resilience. In this context, the aim of the present study was to investigate the potential long-term protective impact of IHC against AD-related phenotype, putting a special focus on cognition and mitochondrial bioenergetics and dynamics. For this purpose, six-month-old male triple transgenic AD mice (3×Tg-AD) were submitted to an IHC protocol for two weeks and the behavioral assessment was performed at 8.5 months of age, while the sacrifice of mice occurred at nine months of age and their brains were removed for the remaining analyses. Interestingly, IHC was able to prevent anxiety-like behavior and memory and learning deficits and significantly reduced brain cortical levels of amyloid-β (Aβ) in 3×Tg-AD mice. Concerning brain energy metabolism, IHC caused a significant increase in brain cortical levels of glucose and a robust improvement of the mitochondrial bioenergetic profile in 3×Tg-AD mice, as mirrored by the significant increase in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and respiratory control ratio (RCR). Notably, the improvement of mitochondrial bioenergetics seems to result from an adaptative coordination of the distinct but intertwined aspects of the mitochondrial quality control axis. Particularly, our results indicate that IHC favors mitochondrial fusion and promotes mitochondrial biogenesis and transport and mitophagy in the brain cortex of 3×Tg-AD mice. Lastly, IHC also induced a marked reduction in synaptosomal-associated protein 25 kDa (SNAP-25) levels and a significant increase in both glutamate and GABA levels in the brain cortex of 3×Tg-AD mice, suggesting a remodeling of the synaptic microenvironment. Overall, these results demonstrate the effectiveness of the IHC paradigm in forestalling the AD-related phenotype in the 3×Tg-AD mouse model, offering new insights to AD therapy and forcing a rethink concerning the potential value of non-pharmacological interventions in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Wireless logging of extracellular neuronal activity in the telencephalon of free-swimming salmonids

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susumu Takahashi ◽  
Takumi Hombe ◽  
Riku Takahashi ◽  
Kaoru Ide ◽  
Shinichiro Okamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Environmental Cues ◽  
Fish Movement ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Head Direction ◽  
Free Swimming ◽  
Rodent Brain ◽  
River Migration ◽  
Spike Waveforms ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Background Salmonids return to the river where they were born in a phenomenon known as mother-river migration. The underpinning of migration has been extensively examined, particularly regarding the behavioral correlations of external environmental cues such as the scent of the mother-river and geomagnetic compass. However, neuronal underpinning remains elusive, as there have been no biologging techniques suited to monitor neuronal activity in the brain of large free-swimming fish. In this study, we developed a wireless biologging system to record extracellular neuronal activity in the brains of free-swimming salmonids. Results Using this system, we recorded multiple neuronal activities from the telencephalon of trout swimming in a rectangular water tank. As proof of principle, we examined the activity statistics for extracellular spike waveforms and timing. We found cells firing maximally in response to a specific head direction, similar to the head direction cells found in the rodent brain. The results of our study suggest that the recorded signals originate from neurons. Conclusions We anticipate that our biologging system will facilitate a more detailed investigation into the neural underpinning of fish movement using internally generated information, including responses to external cues.

scholarly journals Characterization of calcium-dependent membrane binding proteins of brain cortex

1985 ◽  
Vol 229 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
A R Rhoads ◽  
M Lulla ◽  
P B Moore ◽  
C E Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Brain Cortex ◽  
Peptide Mapping ◽  
Bovine Brain ◽  
Particulate Fraction ◽  
Structural Homology ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Stokes Radius ◽  
The Brain

Proteins of Mr 68 000, 34 000 and 32 000 were selectively extracted by EGTA from brain cortex. The three proteins that were extracted along with calmodulin were acidic, monomeric, and did not exhibit structural homology, as demonstrated by one-dimensional peptide mapping. The Mr-68 000 protein was purified to homogeneity and had a Stokes radius of 3.54 nm and S20,W value of 5.1S. Purified calmodulin, Mr-68 000 protein and two proteins of Mr 34 000 and Mr 32 000, interacted with the brain particulate fraction, with half-maximal binding occurring at 3.5 microM, 8.3 microM and 150 microM-Ca2+ respectively. Proteins were bound independently of each other and calmodulin. Pretreatment of the particulate fraction with trypsin prevented the Ca2+-dependent binding of calmodulin; however, the binding of the Mr-68 000 protein or the Mr−32 000 and −34 000 proteins was unaffected. The Mr-68 000 protein of bovine brain did not cross-react immunologically with Mr-67 000 calcimedin from chicken gizzard.

ChemInform Abstract: Regulation of Dopaminergic Neuronal Activity by Heart-Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein in the Brain

ChemInform ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (43) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
Yui Yamamoto ◽  
Norifumi Shioda ◽  
Yuji Owada ◽  
Kohji Fukunaga
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Acid Binding Protein ◽  
The Brain

An accurate 3-D model for magnetic stimulation of the brain cortex

1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cerri ◽  
R. De Leo ◽  
F. Moglie ◽  
A. Schiavoni
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Brain Cortex ◽  
D Model ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Stimulation Of

Ultrastructural reorganizations of synaptic contacts in an organotypic culture of the brain cortex in the presence of ethanol

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 745-748
Author(s):  
T. N. Mel'nikova ◽  
N. A. Uranova ◽  
G. V. Konovalov
Keyword(s):  
Brain Cortex ◽  
Organotypic Culture ◽  
Synaptic Contacts ◽  
The Brain
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