Screening of Tropical Medicinal Plants for Molluscicidal, Larvicidal, Fungicidal and Cytotoxic Activities and Brine Shrimp Toxicity

Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most occurring non-communicable disease resulting in a high blood glucose level. There has been an immense interest in the development of alternative medicines for diabetes treatment, specifically screening functional foods for phytochemicals with the capability of delaying or preventing glucose absorption through digestive enzymes (e.g. α-amylase) inhibition. So, the development of α-amylase inhibitors derived from natural food products is an alternative way to prevent diabetes mellitus Objective: In this study, organic solvent extracts of the Arachis hypogaea (Peanut) and Cinnamomum tamala (Indian bay leaf /Tejpata) were used to investigate their potential α-amylase inhibition and cytotoxic activities through α-amylase inhibition assay and brine shrimp lethality bioassay respectively Method: The α-amylase inhibition assay was performed using the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid method for different concentrations of plant extracts. The optical density (OD) of the solutions were measured to determine the inhibition activity at 540 nm using a spectrophotometer. The cytotoxicity of the plant extracts was measured using brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality bioassay Results: Among the different organic solvent extracts, peanut seed ethanol extract showed the highest α-amylase inhibition activity (67.68±8.67%) at 1.25 μg/mL concentration with an IC50 value of 0.61 μg/mL which is very close to standard α-amylase inhibitor Acarbose (72.34±4.23%) with an IC50 value of 0.32 μg/mL while acetone extract of Indian bay leaf exhibited the lowest inhibition activity (47.75±1.63%) with an IC50 value of 1.42 μg/mL at the same concentration. Besides, the maximum cytotoxic activity was found in acetone extract of peanut shell with an LC50 value of 57.87 μg/mL whereas ethanol extract of peanut seed showed the lowest cytotoxicity with an LC50 value of 413.90 μg/mL Conclusion: The result of the present work clearly indicates the potentiality of peanut seed ethanol extract to be used in the management of hyperglycemia as it significantly inhibits α-amylase activity while showing less cytotoxic activities

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Study on Phytochemical, Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Toxicity Profile of Viscum album Linn Associated with Acacia catechu

Nepal Journal of Biotechnology ◽

10.3126/njb.v3i1.14234 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 60-65

Author(s):

Meena Kusi ◽

Kanti Shrestha ◽

Rajani Malla

Keyword(s):

Brine Shrimp ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Viscum Album ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Frap Assay ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Percolation Method ◽

Brine Shrimp Toxicity ◽

Acacia Catechu

This study focuses on antibacterial, antioxidant and toxic potentials of Viscum album Linn, commonly known as European mistletoe associated with Acacia catechu (Khayer in Nepali). Methanol extract of the aerial parts of the Mistletoe was prepared by cold percolation method. The resulting extract was simultaneously subjected to phytochemical screening; anti-microbial activity; anti-oxidant potential and Brine shrimp toxicity test. The major biologically active phyto-constituents observed were alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids and cardiac glycosides. Upon antibacterial activity screening, the plant extract was found to be highly effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with the zone of inhibition 16±1mm compared to 17±1mm of chloramphenicol (50 mcg). The antioxidant activity as EC50 value by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging activity was found to be 1.58 mg/ml while the ferric reducing capacity was measured to be 282.83±19.55 mg FeSO4.7H2O eqvt/g dry wt. of the extract during Ferric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) Assay. The LC50 value for Brine Shrimp Toxicity Assay was found to be 31.62 ppm. This study shows the medicinal value of the mistletoe associated with Acacia catechu. Further meticulous analysis of this plant might lead to identification of active biomolecules effective as drugs for various ailmentsNepal Journal of Biotechnology. Dec. 2015 Vol. 3, No. 1: 60-65

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Antioxidant, Cytotoxic Activities and Total Phenolic Content of Four Indonesian Medicinal Plants

Jurnal Kimia VALENSI ◽

10.15408/jkv.v2i4.267 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Waras Nurcholis ◽

Bambang Pontjo Priosoeryanto ◽

Edy Djauhari Purwakusumah ◽

Takeshi Katayama ◽

Toshisada Suzuki

Keyword(s):

Free Radical ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Cytotoxic Activities ◽

Ic50 Values ◽

Ethanol Extracts

The crude ethanol extracts of four Indonesian medicinal plants namely Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.,Phyllanthus niruri Linn., Andrographis paniculata Ness., and Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. wereexamined for their antioxidant (radical scavenging) activity using 2, 2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) free radical and cytotoxicity using brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT). The total phenoliccontent was used the Folin-Ciocalteu method. IC50 values for DPPH radical scavenging activityranged from 14.5 to 178.5 μg/ml, with P. niruri having the lowest value and therefore the mostpotent, and C. aeruginosa having the highest value. LC50 values for BSLT ranged from 210.3 to593.2 μg/ml, with C. xanthorrhiza and A. paniculata having the lowest and highest values,respectively. The total phenolic content of the Indonesian plants ranged from 133.0 ±3.7 to863.3±54.7 mg tannic acid equivalent per 1 g extract, with C. aeruginosa and P. niruri having thelowest and highest values, respectively. A positive correlation between free radical scavengingactivity and the content of phenolic compounds was found in the four of Indonesian medicinal plants.

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Brine Shrimp Toxicity of Leaf and Seed Extracts of Cassia alata Linn. and Their Antibacterial Potency

Journal of Medical Sciences(Faisalabad) ◽

10.3923/jms.2004.188.193 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 188-193 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

M.A. Awal ◽

Ainun Nahar . ◽

M. Shamim Hossain . ◽

M.A. Bari . ◽

M. Rahman . ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brine Shrimp ◽

Cassia Alata ◽

Brine Shrimp Toxicity ◽

Seed Extracts

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Screening of Plants Used as Traditional Anticancer Remedies in Mkuranga and Same Districts, Tanzania, Using Brine Shrimp Toxicity Bioassay

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2018/3034612 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Daniel Z. Matata ◽

Olipa D. Ngassapa ◽

Francis Machumi ◽

Mainen J. Moshi

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Brine Shrimp ◽

Health Care Services ◽

Literature Search ◽

Strong Support ◽

Preliminary Evaluation ◽

Contributing Factors ◽

Anticancer Compounds ◽

Care Services ◽

Brine Shrimp Toxicity

Background.Inadequate specialized cancer hospitals and high costs are contributing factors that delay cancer patients from accessing health care services in Tanzania. Consequently, majority of patients are first seen by Traditional Health Practitioners (THPs) before they access specialized services. This study presents ethnomedical information and preliminary evaluation of 25 plant species claimed by THPs in Mkuranga and Same districts of Tanzania on use for treatment of cancer. Literature search and laboratory investigation results are presented to support evaluation.Methods. This study was a single disease ethnomedical enquiry focusing on plants being used for cancer treatment.Face-to-face interviews and questionnaires were administered toeight (8) THPsin Mkuranga and Same districts on the claimed plants and their use for management of cancer. Plants were selected based on being frequently mentioned and emphasis given by THPs. Literature search and brine shrimp toxicity (BST) of methanol : dichloromethane (1:1) extracts was used as surrogates to evaluate strength of the claims.Results.This study reports 25 plant species used by the THPs in two districts of Tanzania. Eight plants (32%) have been reported in the literature to have activity against cancer cells. BST results revealed, 14 (56%) plants exhibited high toxicity against brine shrimps. The most active plants includedCroton pseudopulchellusPax (LC504.2μg/ml),Dalbergia melanoxylonGuill. & Perr. (LC506.8μg/ml),Loranthus micranthusLinn (LC504.0μg/ml),Ochna mossambicensisKlotzsch (LC503.3μg/ml), andSpirostachys africanaSond. (LC504.4μg/ml); their toxicity was comparable to that ofCatharanthus roseus(L) G. Don. (LC506.7μg/ml), an established source of anticancer compounds. Nine other plants had LC50values between (19.8 and 71.6)μg/ml, indicating also potential to yield anticancer.Conclusion.Literature search and BST results provide a strong support of the potential of the claimed plants to yield active anticancer compounds.

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