scholarly journals Advertising Mortgages in the United Kingdom.docx

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Mogaji
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Advertising Appeals ◽  
Intercoder Reliability ◽  
Advertising Strategies ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Uk ◽  
First Time

<p><b>Structured Abstract: </b></p> <p><b>Purpose: </b>To examine trends in the use of advertising appeals by banks in the UK advertising mortgages, based on a content analysis of the newspaper advertisements of banks, using a coding system to enable an observation of the content of communication and its categorisation, in order to observe trends and frequencies, make comparisons and deduce meanings.</p> <p> </p> <p><b> Design/methodology/approach: </b>Mortgage advertisements in 9 National newspapers over twelve consecutive months were content analysed. The advertising appeals, advertisement size, colour and targeted consumers were observed and analysed by two independent coders. Intercoder reliability was assessed using Cohen’s Kappa. </p> <p> </p> <p><b>Findings: </b>Rates of borrowing and for comparisons were generally presented in UK Mortgage advertisements, first-time buyers were however targeted differently with emotionally appealing advertisements in colourful large advert sizes while advertisements targeted towards existing home owners were printed in single colours and in smaller advert sizes.</p> <p> </p> <p><b>Social implications: </b>As the demand for new homes continues to grow in UK, decisions regarding mortgage advertising strategies are critical. It is expected that advertisers will provide first-time buyers, in particular, with relevant information which are truthful, clear, fair and not misleading. It is important that consumers are aware of these rates and charges and do not find themselves caught up in the euphoria of easy and cheap loans from the lenders, which they might not be able to repay.</p> <p> </p> <b>Originality/value: </b>Perhaps the first attempt at analysing mortgages advertisements in newspapers in the UK, post the global financial crisis. Most previous studies have confined themselves to magazine advertisements.

scholarly journals Advertising Mortgages in the United Kingdom.docx

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Mogaji
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Advertising Appeals ◽  
Intercoder Reliability ◽  
Advertising Strategies ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Uk ◽  
First Time

<p><b>Structured Abstract: </b></p> <p><b>Purpose: </b>To examine trends in the use of advertising appeals by banks in the UK advertising mortgages, based on a content analysis of the newspaper advertisements of banks, using a coding system to enable an observation of the content of communication and its categorisation, in order to observe trends and frequencies, make comparisons and deduce meanings.</p> <p> </p> <p><b> Design/methodology/approach: </b>Mortgage advertisements in 9 National newspapers over twelve consecutive months were content analysed. The advertising appeals, advertisement size, colour and targeted consumers were observed and analysed by two independent coders. Intercoder reliability was assessed using Cohen’s Kappa. </p> <p> </p> <p><b>Findings: </b>Rates of borrowing and for comparisons were generally presented in UK Mortgage advertisements, first-time buyers were however targeted differently with emotionally appealing advertisements in colourful large advert sizes while advertisements targeted towards existing home owners were printed in single colours and in smaller advert sizes.</p> <p> </p> <p><b>Social implications: </b>As the demand for new homes continues to grow in UK, decisions regarding mortgage advertising strategies are critical. It is expected that advertisers will provide first-time buyers, in particular, with relevant information which are truthful, clear, fair and not misleading. It is important that consumers are aware of these rates and charges and do not find themselves caught up in the euphoria of easy and cheap loans from the lenders, which they might not be able to repay.</p> <p> </p> <b>Originality/value: </b>Perhaps the first attempt at analysing mortgages advertisements in newspapers in the UK, post the global financial crisis. Most previous studies have confined themselves to magazine advertisements.

Housing Demand, Financial Markets and Taxation

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-120
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Meen ◽  
Christine Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Housing Demand ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Monetary Policies ◽  
Mortgage Finance ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Uk ◽  
First Time

In Chapter 7, fiscal and monetary policies are considered and particular attention is paid to structural changes in mortgage finance markets. From the early 1980s the UK experienced two periods of strong mortgage growth: the first lasted until the recession of the early 1990s and the second started in the mid-1990s and ended with the Global Financial Crisis (GFC). However, a distinguishing feature of the GFC period was the fall in mortgage advances, which has never been fully reversed. Credit tightening causes particular problems for first-time buyers as compared to the majority of current owners; the latter typically have sufficient equity in their existing properties, which they can use to finance further purchases. Therefore, the decline in credit availability has had important distributional effects. Accumulated equity also provides an advantage for existing owners entering the expanded Buy to Let market. Similarly, the stress tests that borrowers now have to undertake fall primarily on aspiring first-time buyers and those with volatile incomes. The chapter also considers non-neutralities in the property tax system which can discriminate against first-time buyers.

Legislative and regulatory responses to the global financial crisis from within the United Kingdom

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme Baber
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Economic Statistics ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Uk

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report and review the legislative and regulatory responses to the global financial crisis (GFC) from within the United Kingdom (UK). Design/methodology/approach – The paper observes aspects of the effect of the GFC within the UK, using economic statistics and institutional case studies. It summarises the laws that the European Union (EU) and the UK have produced in the wake of the crisis and recommends approaches to be taken from this point. Findings – The regulators are putting in place a comprehensive, integrated framework, much of which is sensible in its content. However, this structure will be insufficient to re-establish the effective operation of the financial sector, unless firms comply with the rules and a “relationship culture” is developed. Research limitations/implications – It is not yet clear how the Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA) and the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) will perform and coordinate. Originality/value – The paper presents a comprehensive review of relevant EU and UK legislation, thereby bringing readers up to date with the situation in the UK.

scholarly journals Spending reviews as tools in the public sector

2019 ◽  
pp. 77-92
Author(s):  
Marta Postuła
Keyword(s):  
Public Management ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Growth Pact ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Uk ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Eu

Worsening performance of public finance reported by a number of countries as a result of the global financial crisis enhanced interest in advanced and innovative methods of fiscal consolidation and stabilisation. Spending reviews are amongst the most comprehensive and advanced methods of this type. In the post-2008 age, spending reviews have been carried out by countries that had used the tool in earlier periods (the Netherlands, Denmark, Finland, the UK or Australia) as well as by those who started using them for the first time (Ireland, Canada and France). Spending reviews are used in countries that are well advanced economically and whose public management systems are sufficiently mature.European Union Member States exhibit diverse interest in applying spending reviews which are not mandatory and have not been formalised in international legislation. The EU legislation contains general recommendations for the application of the rational fiscal policy enshrined first in the Treaty provisions, further developed by in the Stability and Growth Pact and detailed in 2011. The paper analyses the up-to-date experiences in using spending reviews in selected countries and draws conclusions from the process.

Social work mobility in Europe: a case study from Ireland

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trish Walsh ◽  
George Wilson ◽  
Erna O’Connor
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Worker Mobility ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Uk ◽  
National Governments

Social work has been viewed as one of the most nation-specific of the professions, ‘being closely tied up with national traditions, mentalities and institutions’ (Kornbeck, 2004, p 146). In addition, the political imperatives of national governments, austerity measures and managerialism drive approaches to service delivery which may supersede social work’s professional priorities. This militates against an automatic or easy transfer of professional knowledge from one country to another. In spite of this, there has been an enduring interest in developing international forms of social work that transcend national borders (Gray and Fook, 2004; Lyons et al, 2012). In this chapter, we present a case study of social worker mobility as it has evolved from the establishment of the first national social work registration body in the Republic of Ireland in 1997 with a particular focus on data from 2004-13 capturing the years leading up to, and in the aftermath of, the global financial crisis of 2008. We contrast this with the situation in Northern Ireland (NI), part of the UK and a separate and distinct political and legal entity with its own policies and practices. We draw on statistical and descriptive data provided by Irish social work registration bodies (NSWQB 1997-2011; CORU established in 2011 and NISCC, the Northern Ireland Social Care Council established in 2001) to illustrate (i) how sensitive contemporary mobility patterns are to changing economic and political factors; (ii) how rapidly patterns of mobility change and (iii) how much more mired in complexity European social work mobility is likely to be if the European project itself fractures, as is possible following the Brexit referendum vote in the UK.

How firms borrow in international bond markets

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-169
Author(s):  
Alberto Fuertes ◽  
Jose María Serena
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Choice Behavior ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Securities And Exchange Commission ◽  
Bond Markets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Parametric Analyses ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

Purpose This paper aims to investigate how firms from emerging economies choose among different international bond markets: global, US144A and Eurobond markets. The authors explore if the ranking in regulatory stringency –global bonds have the most stringent regulations and Eurobonds have the most lenient regulations – leads to a segmentation of borrowers. Design/methodology/approach The authors use a novel data set from emerging economy firms, treating them as consolidated entities. The authors also obtain descriptive evidence and perform univariate non-parametric analyses, conditional and multinomial logit analyses to study firms’ marginal debt choice decisions. Findings The authors show that firms with poorer credit quality, less ability to absorb flotation costs and more informational asymmetries issue debt in US144A and Eurobond markets. On the contrary, firms issuing global bonds – subject to full Securities and Exchange Commission requirements – are financially sounder and larger. This exercise also shows that following the global crisis, firms from emerging economies are more likely to tap less regulated debt markets. Originality/value This is, to the authors’ knowledge, the first study that examines if the ranking in stringency of regulation – global bonds have the most stringent regulations and Eurobonds have the most lenient regulations – is consistent with an ordinal choice by firms. The authors also explore if this ranking is monotonic in all determinants or there are firm-specific features which make firms unlikely to borrow in a given market. Finally, the authors analyze if there are any changes in the debt-choice behavior of firms after the global financial crisis.

scholarly journals Electoral Shocks

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Fieldhouse ◽  
Jane Green ◽  
Geoffrey Evans ◽  
Jonathan Mellon ◽  
Christopher Prosser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Electoral Volatility ◽  
Liberal Democrats ◽  
Scottish National Party ◽  
Electoral Choice ◽  
General Elections ◽  
Scottish Independence ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Uk

This book offers a novel perspective on British elections, focusing on the importance of increasing electoral volatility in British elections, and the role of electoral shocks in the context of increasing volatility. It demonstrates how shocks have contributed to the level of electoral volatility, and also which parties have benefited from the ensuing volatility. It follows in the tradition of British Election Study books, providing a comprehensive account of specific election outcomes—the General Elections of 2015 and 2017—and a more general approach to understanding electoral change.We examine five electoral shocks that affected the elections of 2015 and 2017: the rise in EU immigration after 2004, particularly from Eastern Europe; the Global Financial Crisis prior to 2010; the coalition government of the Conservatives and the Liberal Democrats between 2010 and 2015; the Scottish Independence Referendum in 2014; and the European Union Referendum in 2016.Our focus on electoral shocks offers an overarching explanation for the volatility in British elections, alongside the long-term trends that have led us to this point. It offers a way to understand the rise and fall of the UK Independence Party (UKIP), Labour’s disappointing 2015 performance and its later unexpected gains, the collapse in support for the Liberal Democrats, the dramatic gains of the Scottish National Party (SNP) in 2015, and the continuing period of tumultuous politics that has followed the EU Referendum and the General Election of 2017. It provides a new way of understanding electoral choice in Britain, and beyond, and a better understanding of the outcomes of recent elections.

scholarly journals Problems and Prospects for the Development of the UK Banking System in the Process of New Industrialization and Digitalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 05017
Author(s):  
Olga Sokolova ◽  
Nadezhda Goncharova ◽  
Pavel Letov
Keyword(s):  
Capital Market ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Banking System ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Important Trend ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Uk ◽  
High Degree ◽  
New Industrialization

The gist of this article boils down to the development of British banking system in the conditions of new industrialization and digitalization. The banking system of Great Britain is characterized by a high degree of concentration and specialization of banking, a well-developed banking infrastructure, and a close connection with the international loan capital market. London is the world's oldest financial center. The English banking system has the world's widest network of overseas branches. The UK banking system is relatively independent from the credit systems of the European Union. Nevertheless, banking legislation is focused on the unification of banking law within the European Community and supervision of banking activities. In the context of the global financial crisis, the UK banking system, as in other countries, has been severely tested. The most important trend in the development of the UK banking system is the blurring of boundaries between certain types of credit institutions. The subject of the research is the UK banking system in the context of new industrialization and digitalization.

Crisis, What Crisis?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Meen ◽  
Christine Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Housing Policy ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
Key Policy ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Analytical Approaches ◽  
Housing Outcomes

The opening chapter provides an overview of the topics covered in the book, set in the context of the key policy debates that have taken place in recent years, not just in the UK but across countries facing similar issues. The chapter introduces the analytical approaches to be used. The methods are primarily those of economists – including modern as well as traditional techniques - but recognise the insights of other disciplines and the political constraints under which housing operates. The chapter stresses that housing cannot be divorced from the macroeconomy and monetary and fiscal policies are often more important to housing outcomes than policies directly aimed at housing. But housing also influences the economy which, particularly since the Global Financial Crisis, has added further constraints on housing policy.

Corporate governance, the GFC and independent directors

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (4/5) ◽  
pp. 324-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda Rachael Williams ◽  
Simone Bingham ◽  
Sonia Shimeld
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Board Composition ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Effective Governance ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Made In

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to understand how board composition and independent non-executive director (INED) disclosures have changed in light of the global financial crisis (GFC) from an accountability perspective. Design/methodology/approach – Content analysis techniques were undertaken on a random sample of 75 publicly listed companies across two time periods, 2005 and 2010. Findings – The findings highlighted increased INED board membership and increased skill and experience disclosure across all board positions, with the most significant increase being the INED position. The results support the notion that firms are attempting to restore their accountability relationships post-GFC through more transparent mechanisms of governance. However, concerns are also raised in the way individual companies are meeting the ASX Corporate Governance independence requirements. Research limitations/implications – The results raise questions as to whether firms have implemented these changes to ensure effective governance and accountability responsibilities, or simply to give the appearance of good governance. Originality/value – Little attention has been given in the literature to the characteristics of INEDs and whether board changes have been made in the wake of corporate and financial crises. The findings from this study contribute to an understanding of board composition and disclosures pre- and post-GFC.

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