scholarly journals ANALISA STANDAR DAN STRATEGI INDUSTRI KOPI SIAP MINUM DALAM KEMASAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Ellia Kristiningrum ◽  
Firdanis Setyaning ◽  
Febrian Isharyadi ◽  
Ahmad Syafin A
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Best Value

<p>Banyaknya produk kopi <em>ready to drink</em> (RTD) atau kopi siap minum dalam kemasan yang beredar di Indonesia menandakan bahwa bisnis ini memiliki peluang pasar yang besar. Masing-masing produsen berlomba-lomba menciptakan strategi untuk meraih pasar yang ada. Strategi adalah alat untuk mencapai tujuan dimana perumusannya memerlukan mekanisme yang tidak sederhana. Keberadaan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) sangat penting untuk memberikan jaminan kepada konsumen akan mutu produk kopi siap minum dalam kemasan meskipun merk yang beredar di pasar berbeda-beda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisa terhadap SNI <a href="http://sisni.bsn.go.id/index.php?/sni_main/sni/detail_sni/4760">01-4314-1996</a> dan strategi produk kopi siap minum dalam kemasan. SNI <a href="http://sisni.bsn.go.id/index.php?/sni_main/sni/detail_sni/4760">01-4314-1996</a> telah berusia lebih dari 5 tahun dan 5 (lima) dari 7 (tujuh) standar acuan yang digunakan juga telah berusia lebih dari 5 tahun, sehingga standar ini sudah selayaknya untuk dilakukan proses kaji ulang. Sedangkan usulan strategi yang dihasilkan dari penghimpunan informasi dari eksternal dan internal perusahan antara lain <em>low cost and best value</em>, menurunkan presentase kandungan kopi dalam RTD, menambah variasi rasa dan kemasan, meningkatkan frekuensi iklan dalam televisi.</p>

The impact of business strategy on leadership

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Marx
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Best Value ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Market Strategies ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to test the proposition that business strategy affects leadership functions, skills, traits, and styles, and to assess the implications of these effects for the practice of both leadership and strategic planning. Design/methodology/approach – This is an empirical study based on over 450 responses to an online survey. Continuous rating scales allowed the use of regression analysis to test the impacts of different strategies on leadership. Findings – The results provide strong empirical evidence that Product (Differentiation vs Low Cost strategies), Best Value, and Blue Ocean strategies have significant effects on leadership. Market strategies (Broad vs Niche strategies) have limited impacts. The greater complexity of Product, Best Value, and Blue Ocean strategies underlie these findings. Research limitations/implications – This study explores the effects of strategy on leadership. Future studies need to explore if these effects are moderated by external, competitive conditions, and if strategy mediates the impacts of leadership on organizational performance. Practical implications – The practical implications of these findings are that leaders must adjust their behavior and leadership styles to effectively implement alternative strategies, and planners must assess their organization’s leadership capabilities when formulating strategy. Originality/value – There have been numerous studies of the impacts of external/internal conditions on leadership, but this is one of the first studies of the critical impacts of strategy on leadership.

scholarly journals Uncrewed Surface Vessel Technological Diffusion Depends on Cross-Sectoral Investment in Open-Ocean Archetypes: A Systematic Review of USV Applications and Drivers

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth G. Patterson ◽  
Emily Lawson ◽  
Vinay Udyawer ◽  
Gary B. Brassington ◽  
Rachel A. Groom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Open Ocean ◽  
Technological Diffusion ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Best Value ◽  
Maritime Operations ◽  
Illegal Activities ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Maritime Infrastructure

Accessing the world's oceans is essential for monitoring and sustainable management of the maritime domain. Difficulty in reaching remote locations has resulted in sparse coverage, undermining our capacity to deter illegal activities and gather data for physical and biological processes. Uncrewed Surface Vessels (USVs) have existed for over two decades and offer the potential to overcome difficulties associated with monitoring and surveillance in remote regions. However, they are not yet an integral component of maritime infrastructure. We analyse 15 years of non-autonomous and semi-autonomous USV-related literature to determine the factors limiting technological diffusion into everyday maritime operations. We systematically categorised over 1,000 USV-related publications to determine how government, academia and industry sectors use USVs and what drives their uptake. We found a striking overlap between these sectors for 11 applications and nine drivers. Low cost was a consistent and central driver for USV uptake across the three sectors. Product ‘compatibility' and lack of ‘complexity' appear to be major factors limiting USV technological diffusion amongst early adopters. We found that the majority (21 of 27) of commercially available USVs lacked the complexity required for multiple applications in beyond the horizon operations. We argue that the best value for money to advance USV uptake is for designs that offer cross-disciplinary applications and the ability to operate in an unsheltered open ocean without an escort or mothership. The benefits from this technological advancement can excel under existing collaborative governance frameworks and are most significant for remote and developing maritime nations.

scholarly journals A Cross-Purchasing Portfolio Application of Best Value Procurement: Lessons Learned from Six Cases at Ballast Nedam

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Guido Koreman
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Construction Company ◽  
Best Value ◽  
Purchasing Process

Ballast Nedam like any other business in the industry encounters failure due to purchasing based on low cost. Research shows that these tend to arise because of poor planning, non-compliance to agreements and incomplete project evaluations among others. Taken into account the effort put into the purchasing process one wonders why this kind of purchasing approach is still practiced. Best Value Procurement uses the expertise of subcontractors to streamline the total value chain by making the potential values and risks explicit and the management of each accountable to one party in the chain. The question is whether this kind of purchasing approach could and should be the approach to any given purchase done. In this paper lessons learned from six cases at construction company Ballast Nedam are described. Successful and less successful implementations are shown, as well as lessons learned on each of the PIPS filters. Conclusion is that the BVP/PIPS can be used in both construction and non-construction purchasing and in onetime projects as well as with IDIQ contracts.

Optimization Design and Application of Sluice Pier Sliding Formwork

2013 ◽  
Vol 671-674 ◽  
pp. 2005-2010
Author(s):  
Jun Xing ◽  
Hong Liang Cai ◽  
Jian Bing Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Design ◽  
Simulated Annealing Algorithm ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Best Value

The sliding formwork, combining high efficiency and low cost, is a kind of advanced technology in the construction of sluice pier of hydropower projects. Number of jacks and elevating shelf spacing are two important parameters in the structure design of sliding formwork, the mathematical model of the relationship between manufacture costs and jack number, spacing between the elevating shelf was established using polynomial least square method, the best value of jack number and spacing between the elevating shelf were calculated by using the simulated annealing algorithm, thereby optimized the design parameters of sliding formwork structure, whilst expatiated the technology of installing, debugging, sliding and disassembly of sliding formwork, put forward the feasible methods for solving the problems that often appeared in the construction of sliding formwork, summed up the merits of sliding formwork, analyzed the technology and economical benefit of sliding formwork

Effects of Sintering Temperature and Porogen Addition on Properties of Low Cost Porous Mullite Ceramics

2015 ◽  
Vol 655 ◽  
pp. 114-117
Author(s):  
Na Na Xu ◽  
Shu Jing Li ◽  
Yuan Bing Li ◽  
Lin Yuan ◽  
Jin Long Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Strength ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Mullite Phase ◽  
Best Value ◽  
Porous Mullite ◽  
Mullite Ceramics

In the present paper, low cost porous mullite ceramics with high porosity, high strength and low thermal conductivity were fabricated using ceramic waste powder and clay as raw materials, and sawdust as porogen. The correlation of phase composition and physicochemical properties of such porous mullite ceramics were researched by varying sintering temperature and the extra addition of sawdust. The results show that: The ceramics show the best comprehensive properties when the sintering temperature is 1400 oC and the addition of sawdust is 30wt%. The results of SEM and EDS analysis confirm that new mullite phase is generated in the ceramics, which can strengthen the ceramics. And the best value of the bulk density, apparent porosity, cold crushing strength and the thermal conductivity of the prepared ceramics is 0.96g.cm-3,60.7%,5.3MPa and 0.212W·m-1·K-1, respectively.

Decomposition of the metastable beta titanium alloy Ti-15-3

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 264-265
Author(s):  
Y. L. Chen ◽  
S. Fujlshiro
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Alpha Phase ◽  
Thick Sheet ◽  
Omega Phase ◽  
Beta Titanium Alloy ◽  
Beta Titanium ◽  
Beta Matrix ◽  
Metastable Beta ◽  
Very High

Metastable beta titanium alloys have been known to have numerous advantages such as cold formability, high strength, good fracture resistance, deep hardenability, and cost effectiveness. Very high strength is obtainable by precipitation of the hexagonal alpha phase in a bcc beta matrix in these alloys. Precipitation hardening in the metastable beta alloys may also result from the formation of transition phases such as omega phase. Ti-15-3 (Ti-15V- 3Cr-3Al-3Sn) has been developed recently by TIMET and USAF for low cost sheet metal applications. The purpose of the present study was to examine the aging characteristics in this alloy.The composition of the as-received material is: 14.7 V, 3.14 Cr, 3.05 Al, 2.26 Sn, and 0.145 Fe. The beta transus temperature as determined by optical metallographic method was about 770°C. Specimen coupons were prepared from a mill-annealed 1.2 mm thick sheet, and solution treated at 827°C for 2 hr in argon, then water quenched. Aging was also done in argon at temperatures ranging from 316 to 616°C for various times.

Chromic Acid Etching of Polyethylene

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 72-73
Author(s):  
J. D. Muzzy ◽  
R. D. Hester ◽  
J. L. Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Chromic Acid ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Crystalline Morphology ◽  
Bulk Specimen ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Perfect Form ◽  
Molecular Length ◽  
Lamellar Texture ◽  
Cost Studies

Polyethylene is one of the most important plastics produced today because of its good physical properties, ease of fabrication and low cost. Studies to improve the properties of polyethylene are leading to an understanding of its crystalline morphology. Polyethylene crystallized by evaporation from dilute solutions consists of thin crystals called lamellae. The polyethylene molecules are parallel to the thickness of the lamellae and are folded since the thickness of the lamellae is much less than the molecular length. This lamellar texture persists in less perfect form in polyethylene crystallized from the melt.Morphological studies of melt crystallized polyethylene have been limited due to the difficulty of isolating the microstructure from the bulk specimen without destroying or deforming it.

Glass Knife Geometry as Seen by the SEM

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
J. Temple Black
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Basic Tool ◽  
Tool Materials ◽  
Optical Inspection ◽  
Surface Flaws ◽  
Slip Planes ◽  
Glass Knife ◽  
Diamond Knife

In ultramicrotomy, the two basic tool materials are glass and diamond. Glass because of its low cost and ease of manufacture of the knife itself is still widely used despite the superiority of diamond knives in many applications. Both kinds of knives produce plastic deformation in the microtomed section due to the nature of the cutting process and microscopic chips in the edge of the knife. Because glass has no well defined slip planes in its structure (it's an amorphous material), it is very strong and essentially never fails in compression. However, surface flaws produce stress concentrations which reduce the strength of glass to 10,000 to 20,000 psi from its theoretical or flaw free values of 1 to 2 million psi. While the microchips in the edge of the glass or diamond knife are generally too small to be observed in the SEM, the second common type of defect can be identified. This is the striations (also termed the check marks or feathers) which are always present over the entire edge of a glass knife regardless of whether or not they are visable under optical inspection. These steps in the cutting edge can be observed in the SEM by proper preparation of carefully broken knives and orientation of the knife, with respect to the scanning beam.

Spectraplot: A PC-based spectrum translation and display program

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 918-919
Author(s):  
H. O. Colijn
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
File Transfer ◽  
Transfer Data ◽  
Error Checking ◽  
Data Files ◽  
The University

Many labs today wish to transfer data between their EDS systems and their existing PCs and minicomputers. Our lab has implemented SpectraPlot, a low- cost PC-based system to allow offline examination and plotting of spectra. We adopted this system in order to make more efficient use of our microscopes and EDS consoles, to provide hardcopy output for an older EDS system, and to allow students to access their data after leaving the university.As shown in Fig. 1, we have three EDS systems (one of which is located in another building) which can store data on 8 inch RT-11 floppy disks. We transfer data from these systems to a DEC MINC computer using “SneakerNet”, which consists of putting on a pair of sneakers and running down the hall. We then use the Hermit file transfer program to download the data files with error checking from the MINC to the PC.

Transmission Electron Microscopy of oriented Co84Cr14Ta2 thin films for longitudinal magnetic recording

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 756-757
Author(s):  
T. P. Nolan
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
High Coercivity ◽  
Magnetic Alloy ◽  
Magnetic Media ◽  
Transmission Electron

Thin film magnetic media are being used as low cost, high density forms of information storage. The development of this technology requires the study, at the sub-micron level, of morphological, crystallographic, and magnetic properties, throughout the depth of the deposited films. As the microstructure becomes increasingly fine, widi grain sizes approaching 100Å, the unique characterization capabilities of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have become indispensable to the analysis of such thin film magnetic media.Films were deposited at 225°C, on two NiP plated Al substrates, one polished, and one circumferentially textured with a mean roughness of 55Å. Three layers, a 750Å chromium underlayer, a 600Å layer of magnetic alloy of composition Co84Cr14Ta2, and a 300Å amorphous carbon overcoat were then sputter deposited using a dc magnetron system at a power of 1kW, in a chamber evacuated below 10-6 torr and filled to 12μm Ar pressure. The textured medium is presently used in industry owing to its high coercivity, Hc, and relatively low noise. One important feature is that the coercivity in the circumferential read/write direction is significandy higher than that in the radial direction.

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