scholarly journals KOMPARASI MAKRO EKONOMI NEGARA-NEGARA ASEAN TAHUN 2015-2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Allenly Aldo Likuayang ◽  
Ernest Cornelius Matindas
Keyword(s):  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tukey Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

Ekonomi global yang semakin kompetitif membuat setiap negara bekerja keras untuk meningkatkan kinerja ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan kondisi makro ekonomi negara-negara ASEAN yaitu Indonesia, Brunei Darussalam, Filipina, Kamboja, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapura, Thailand dan Vietnam selama tahun 2015 - 2018 yaitu di masa periode pemerintahan Presiden RI Ir. H. Joko Widodo. Kondisi makro ekonomi setiap negara ASEAN digambarkan melalui beberapa indikator yaitu pertumbuhan ekonomi, pendapatan per kapita, tingkat inflasi, dan tingkat pengangguran.  Perbandingan makro ekonomi pada negara ASEAN dilakukan melalui analisis komparasi uji beda One Way ANOVA untuk menjawab apakah terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara indikator makro ekonomi Indonesia dan 9 negara ASEAN, dan teknik uji lanjut (post hoc test) menggunakan uji Tukey Honestly Significant Difference untuk menjelaskan pola perbedaan dalam hasil uji One Way ANOVA. Hasil uji beda One Way ANOVA menununjukan pertumbuhan ekonomi, pendapatan per kapita, tingkat inflasi dan tingkat pengangguran di Indonesia dan 9 negara ASEAN masing-masing memiliki nilai signifikansi α kurang dari 0.05 sehingga disimpulkan bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi, pendapatan per kapita, tingkat inflasi dan tingkat pengangguran di Indonesia dan 9 negara ASEAN memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan. Kata kunci: ASEAN, makro ekonomi, pertumbuhan ekonomi, pendapatan per kapita, tingkat inflasi, tingkat pengangguran

scholarly journals Technology and Process Design for Phenols Recovery from Industrial Chicory (Chicorium intybus) Leftovers

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (15) ◽  
pp. 2681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Maria Cova ◽  
Luisa Boffa ◽  
Marco Pistocchi ◽  
Silver Giorgini ◽  
Rafael Luque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Process ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tukey Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc

Vegetal leftovers from the agro–food industry represent a huge source of primary and secondary metabolites, vitamin, mineral salts and soluble as well as insoluble fibers. Economic reports on the growth in the polyphenol market have driven us to focus our investigation on chicory (Chicorium intybus L.), which is one of the most popular horticultural plants in the world and a rich source of phenolic compounds. Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and their simultaneous combination, using either ethanol/water or water alone (also sub-critical), have been investigated with the aim of designing a green and efficient extraction process. Higher total-polyphenol yields as well as dramatic reductions in extraction times and solvent consumption have been obtained under these conditions. ANOVA test for analyses of variance followed by the Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) post-hoc test of multiple comparisons was used in the statistical analysis. MAE experiments performed with sub-critical water, and MW/US experiments with an ethanol solution have shown polyphenol recovery values of up to ~3 g of gallic acid equivalents (GAE) per kg of fresh material in only 15 min, while conventional extraction required 240 min to obtain the same result.

scholarly journals Optimasi Formula Fast Disintegrating Tablet Domperidone Dengan Amilum Biji Alpukat (Persea Americana Mill.) Sebagai Superdisintegrant

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Khusnul Milatul Khasanah ◽  
Wirasti Wirasti ◽  
Dwi Bagus Pambudi Pambudi ◽  
ST. Rahmatullah
Keyword(s):  
Persea Americana ◽  
Sodium Starch Glycolate ◽  
Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tukey Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Fast Disintegrating Tablet ◽  
One Way Anova

Biji alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) dapat dikembangkan menjadi amilum biji alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) yang dapat digunakan menjadi bahan eksipien formulasi sediaan farmasi. Akan tetapi informasi terkait manfaatnya dalam tablet masih sangat terbatas penggunaannya, sehingga industri farmasi masih jarang menggunakan amilum biji alpukat sebagai alternatif pengganti bahan eksipien dari bahan sintetis superdisintegrant pada fast disintegrating tablet (FDT). Telah dibuat sediaan fast disintegrating tablet dengan variasi konsentrasi amilum biji alpukat (5%, 10% dan 15%) dan pembanding Sodium Starch Glycolate (SSG) konsentrasi 5%. Data yang didapat dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan uji one way ANOVA dan dilanjutkan ke uji tukey (Honestly Significant Difference) HSD. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa variasi konsentrasi amilum biji alpukat terdapat pengaruh pada sifat fisik granul dan sifat fisik tablet, formula III dengan konsentrasi 15% memiliki kriteria yang paling baik sebagai superdisintegrant pada tablet terdisintegrasi cepat. Perlu dilakukan modifikasi lanjutan amilum biji alpukat agar dapat digunakan sebagai superdisintegrant yang lebih efektif dalam formulasi fast disintegrating tablet pada penelitian selanjutnya.

scholarly journals Effect of heat polymerization conditions and microwave on the flexural strength of polymethyl methacrylate

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 116-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhat Emre Ozkir ◽  
Burak Yilmaz ◽  
Server Mutluay Unal ◽  
Ahmet Culhaoglu ◽  
Isin Kurkcuoglu
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tukey Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Heat Polymerization ◽  
Pmma Resin ◽  
Polymerization Conditions ◽  
One Way Anova

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this study is the effect of different heat polymerization conditions on the strength of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin base is unknown. Distinguishing one method that provides improved mechanical properties may be beneficial to the clinical success of complete and partial dentures and overdentures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different polymerization methods on the flexural strength of a dental PMMA resin. Materials and Methods: Forty PMMA specimens (64 mm × 10 mm × 4 mm) were prepared with 4 different polymerization methods (n = 10); heat polymerization at 74°C for 9 h, at 100°C for 40 min, and with 620 kPa pressure at 100°C for 20 min. The remaining group of specimens was microwave polymerized at 180 W for 6 min. All specimens were thermocycled at 5°C and 55°C for 5000 times. Three-point flexure test was used to measure the flexural strength of specimens. One-way ANOVA and Tukey Honestly Significant Difference were applied to analyze the differences in flexural strengths (⍺ = 0.05). Results: The flexural strength of heat-polymerized groups was similar. The flexural strength of microwave polymerized group was significantly different and lower than the other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Polymerizing conventional heat-polymerizing PMMA resin with microwave energy resulted in a significant decrease in flexural strength. The results of this study suggest that clinicians may benefit from using heat polymerization when processing PMMA denture bases instead of microvawe polymerization when tested brand is used.

Comparison of Esophageal, Rectal, and Gastrointestinal Temperatures During Passive Rest After Exercise in The Heat: The Influence of Hydration

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Hosokawa ◽  
William M. Adams ◽  
Douglas J. Casa
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Wet Bulb Globe Temperature ◽  
Induced Hyperthermia ◽  
Hot Environment ◽  
Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tukey Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Globe Temperature ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Post Hoc

Context: It is unknown how valid esophageal, rectal, and gastrointestinal temperatures (TES, TRE, and TGI) compare after exercise-induced hyperthermia under different hydration states. Objective: To examine the differences between TES, TRE, and TGI during passive rest following exercise-induced hyperthermia under 2 different hydration states: euhydrated (EU) and hypohydrated (HY). Design: Randomized crossover design. Setting: Controlled laboratory setting. Participants: 9 recreationally active male participants (mean ± SD age 24 ± 4 y, height 177.3 ± 9.9 cm, body mass 76.7 ± 11.6 kg, body fat 14.7% ± 5.8%). Intervention: Participants completed 2 trials (EU and HY) consisting of a bout of treadmill exercise (a 10-min walk at 4.8-7.2 km/h at a 5% grade followed by a 20-min jog at 8.0-12.1 km/h at a 1% grade) in a hot environment (ambient temperature 39.3 ± 1.0°C, relative humidity 37.6% ± 6.0%, wet bulb globe temperature 31.3 ± 1.5°C) followed by passive rest. Main Outcome Measures: Root-mean-squared difference (RMSD) was used to compare the variance of temperature readings at corresponding time points for TRE vs TGI, TRE vs TES, and TGI vs TES in EU and HY. RMSD values were compared using 3-way repeated-measures ANOVA. Post hoc analysis of significant main effects was done using Tukey honestly significant difference with significance set at P < .05. Results: RMSD values (°C) for all device comparisons were significantly different in EU (TRE-TGI, 0.11 ± 0.12; TRE-TES, 1.58 ± 1.01; TGI-TES, 2.04 ± 1.19) than HY (TRE-TGI, 0.22 ± 0.28; TRE-TES, 1.27 ± 0.61; TGI-TES, 1.16 ± 0.76) (P < .01). Across the 45-min bout of passive rest, there were no differences in TRE, TGI, and TES between EU and HY trials (P = .468). Conclusions: During passive rest after exercise in the heat, TRE and TGI were in good agreement when tracking body temperature, with a better agreement appearing in those maintaining a state of euhydration versus those who became hypohydrated during exercise; however, this small difference does not appear to be of clinical significance. The large differences were observed when comparing TGI and TRE with TES.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KINERJA KEUANGAN BANK SYARIAH DI INDONESIA, MALAYSIA, BRUNEI DAN THAILAND PERIODE 2011-2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 835
Author(s):  
Adyagunita Karini ◽  
Dian Filianti
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
Islamic Bank ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Capital Adequacy Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Standards And Regulations ◽  
One Way Anova

Comparing the financial performance of banks with other countries would show if the different standards and regulations affect their performance. This research aims to know if there is a significant difference in financial performance of sharia banks between Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei and Thailand during 2011-2016. The samples used in this research consist of one sharia bank from each country: Bank Syariah Mandiri, Maybank Islamic Berhad, Bank Islam Brunei Darussalam and Islamic Bank of Thailand. This research uses a comparative quantitativeapproach using Non Performing Financing (NPF), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Return on Asset (ROA), and Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) as variables to indicate financial performance. One-Way ANOVA is used as the analysis technique. Results of the ANOVA test show there is a significant difference in NPF, FDR, ROA and CAR between sharia banks in Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei and Thaiand as indicated by a significance value of 0,000 and 0,002.

Trends in physician reimbursements and procedural volumes for radiosurgery versus open surgery in brain tumor care: an analysis of Medicare data from 2009 to 2018

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Meeki Lad ◽  
Radhika Gupta ◽  
Alex Raman ◽  
Neil Parikh ◽  
Raghav Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Data File ◽  
Open Resection ◽  
Unequal Variances ◽  
Medicare Data ◽  
Radiation Oncologists ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tukey Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Intracranial Neoplasm ◽  
Post Hoc

OBJECTIVE Given its minimally invasive nature and effectiveness, stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has become a mainstay for the multimodal treatment of intracranial neoplasm. However, no studies have evaluated recent trends in the use of SRS versus those of open resection for the management of brain tumor or trends in the involvement of neurosurgeons in SRS (which is primarily delivered by radiation oncologists). Here, the authors used publicly available Medicare data from 2009 to 2018 to elucidate trends in the treatment of intracranial neoplasm and to compare reimbursements between these approaches. METHODS By using CPT Professional 2019, the authors identified 10 open resection and 9 SRS codes (4 for neurosurgery and 5 for radiation oncology) for the treatment of intracranial neoplasm. Medicare payments (inflation adjusted) and allowed services (number of reimbursed procedures) for each code were abstracted from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Part B National Summary Data File (2009–2018). Payments per procedure and procedures per 100,000 Medicare enrollees were analyzed with linear regression and compared with tests for equality of slopes (α = 0.05). The average payment per procedure over the study period was compared by using the 2-tailed Welsh unequal variances t-test, and more granular comparisons were conducted by using ANOVA with post hoc Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) tests. RESULTS From 2009 to 2018, the number of SRS treatments per 100,000 Medicare enrollees for intracranial neoplasm increased by 3.97 cases/year (R2 = 0.99, p < 0.001), while comparable open resections decreased by 0.34 cases/year (R2 = 0.85, p < 0.001) (t16 = 7.5, p < 0.001). By 2018, 2.6 times more SRS treatments were performed per 100,000 enrollees than open resections (74.9 vs 28.7 procedures). However, neurosurgeon involvement in SRS treatment declined over the study period, from 23.4% to 11.5% of SRS treatments; simultaneously, the number of lesions treated per session increased from 1.46 to 1.84 (R2 = 0.98, p < 0.001). Overall, physician payments from 2013 to 2018 averaged $1816.08 (95% CI $1788.71–$1843.44) per SRS treatment and $1565.59 (95% CI $1535.83–$1595.34) per open resection (t10 = 15.9, p < 0.001). For neurosurgeons specifically, reimbursements averaged $1566 per open resection, but this decreased to $1031–$1198 per SRS session; comparatively, radiation oncologists were reimbursed even less (average $359–$898) per SRS session (p < 0.05 according to the Tukey HSD test for all comparisons). CONCLUSIONS Over a decade, the number of open resections for intracranial neoplasm in Medicare enrollees declined slightly, while the number of SRS procedures increased greatly. This latter expansion is largely attributable to radiation oncologists; meanwhile, neurosurgeons have shifted their involvement in SRS toward sessions for the management of multiple lesions.

scholarly journals Effect of post type on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated premolars

2018 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Karteva ◽  
Neshka Manchorova ◽  
Dessislava Pashkouleva ◽  
Donka Keskinova ◽  
Stoyan Vladimirov
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tukey Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Root Fractures ◽  
Restoration Method ◽  
Resistance Rates

Endodontically treated teeth (ETT) are more susceptible to fracture during mastication. The aim of our study was to investigate the fracture resistance of premolars, restored with different techniques. Eighteen human premolars, extracted for orthodontic or periodontal reasons, were used. Mesio-occlusal cavities were prepared on all of them. They were divided into 3 groups according to the restoration method: with a cemented fiber post (FP), with a cemented metal post (MP) and without a post, but restored with a fiber reinforced composite core (FRC). After thermocycling, their fracture resistance was evaluated in a standard testing machine. The results were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) tests (p<0.05). The fracture modes were also determined. The MP group showed the lowest fracture resistance rates and the highest number of unrestorable root fractures. In conclusion, teeth restored with FRC cores or FP show better survival rates than those restored with metal posts.

Readability Assessment of Patient Education Materials on Major Otolaryngology Association Websites

2012 ◽  
Vol 147 (5) ◽  
pp. 848-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Anderson Eloy ◽  
Shawn Li ◽  
Khushabu Kasabwala ◽  
Nitin Agarwal ◽  
David R. Hansberry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Education ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Reading Level ◽  
Flesch Reading Ease ◽  
Education Material ◽  
Individual Assessment ◽  
Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Grade Reading Level ◽  
Post Hoc

Objective Various otolaryngology associations provide Internet-based patient education material (IPEM) to the general public. However, this information may be written above the fourth- to sixth-grade reading level recommended by the American Medical Association (AMA) and National Institutes of Health (NIH). The purpose of this study was to assess the readability of otolaryngology-related IPEMs on various otolaryngology association websites and to determine whether they are above the recommended reading level for patient education materials. Study Design and Setting Analysis of patient education materials from 9 major otolaryngology association websites. Methods The readability of 262 otolaryngology-related IPEMs was assessed with 8 numerical and 2 graphical readability tools. Averages were evaluated against national recommendations and between each source using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post hoc Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) analysis. Mean readability scores for each otolaryngology association website were compared. Results Mean website readability scores using Flesch Reading Ease test, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, Coleman-Liau Index, SMOG grading, Gunning Fog Index, New Dale-Chall Readability Formula, FORCAST Formula, New Fog Count Test, Raygor Readability Estimate, and the Fry Readability Graph ranged from 20.0 to 57.8, 9.7 to 17.1, 10.7 to 15.9, 11.6 to 18.2, 10.9 to 15.0, 8.6 to 16.0, 10.4 to 12.1, 8.5 to 11.8, 10.5 to 17.0, and 10.0 to 17.0, respectively. ANOVA results indicate a significant difference ( P < .05) between the websites for each individual assessment. Conclusion The IPEMs found on all otolaryngology association websites exceed the recommended fourth- to sixth-grade reading level.

scholarly journals Comparison of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Calcium Hydroxide and 2% Chlorhexidine as Medicaments

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
Rupan Tripathi ◽  
Vanita Gautam ◽  
V. K. Pahwa ◽  
Vikas Agrhari ◽  
Manu Batra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gel

INTRODUCTION: The use of intracanal medicaments help in elimination of bacteria that remain even after cleaning and shaping. This study isdone to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of2% chlorhexidine gel and calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medicament against E.faecalis.MATERIAL  & METHODS: Sixty extracted single-rooted human teeth were prepared with standard method. After contaminating the canals with E. Faecalis and incubated for seven days, the samples were divided into four groups (n=15). Normal saline was used as control group. The teeth in each group were treated with normal saline, calcium hydroxide and 2% chlorhexidine gel. Microbial samples were obtained from the dentinal shavings of root and colony forming units (CFU) of E.faecalis were recorded after 24hrs, 72hrs and 7 days.RESULTS: To determine the significance of the differences between the different groups, ANOVA(Analysis of variance) and Tukeys Honestly significant Difference (HSD) Post hoc test were performed. Mean CFU of calcium hydroxide group and 2% chlorhexidine group was statistically significantly different from CFU of all other groups (p<0.01).CONCLUSION: Mean CFU of calcium hydroxide was found to increase at 24 hrs and decreases at 72 hrs and 7 days.The antimicrobial efficacy 2% chlorhexidine gel was better than calcium hydroxide paste.Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2017)Vol.05 No.02 Issue 16, Page: 8-11

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