scholarly journals Comparison of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Calcium Hydroxide and 2% Chlorhexidine as Medicaments

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
Rupan Tripathi ◽  
Vanita Gautam ◽  
V. K. Pahwa ◽  
Vikas Agrhari ◽  
Manu Batra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gel

INTRODUCTION: The use of intracanal medicaments help in elimination of bacteria that remain even after cleaning and shaping. This study isdone to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of2% chlorhexidine gel and calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medicament against E.faecalis.MATERIAL  & METHODS: Sixty extracted single-rooted human teeth were prepared with standard method. After contaminating the canals with E. Faecalis and incubated for seven days, the samples were divided into four groups (n=15). Normal saline was used as control group. The teeth in each group were treated with normal saline, calcium hydroxide and 2% chlorhexidine gel. Microbial samples were obtained from the dentinal shavings of root and colony forming units (CFU) of E.faecalis were recorded after 24hrs, 72hrs and 7 days.RESULTS: To determine the significance of the differences between the different groups, ANOVA(Analysis of variance) and Tukeys Honestly significant Difference (HSD) Post hoc test were performed. Mean CFU of calcium hydroxide group and 2% chlorhexidine group was statistically significantly different from CFU of all other groups (p<0.01).CONCLUSION: Mean CFU of calcium hydroxide was found to increase at 24 hrs and decreases at 72 hrs and 7 days.The antimicrobial efficacy 2% chlorhexidine gel was better than calcium hydroxide paste.Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2017)Vol.05 No.02 Issue 16, Page: 8-11

scholarly journals Efficacy of finisher files in the removal of calcium hydroxide paste from the root canal system – preliminary results

2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. e499
Author(s):  
Agata Koprowicz ◽  
Piotr Koprowicz
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Filling Materials ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Better Than

Introduction. Successful endodontic treatment is affected by a number of factors associated with the disinfection and filling of the root canal. The chemical-mechanical root canal preparation consists in a thorough removal of any content from the pulp space, including inflamed pulp, bacteria, as well as canal filling materials. Aim. The aim of the study was to analyse the efficacy of the XP-endo Finisher and the Brush-Finisher on the removal of a calcium hydroxide dressing. Material and Methods. The study was conducted using extracted single-rooted human teeth prepared according to sample standardization. Calcium hydroxide with iodoform was inserted into the canals. After two weeks, canal cleaning was performed with the use of 2% sodium hypochlorite solution and both finisher files. A conventional endodontic needle and syringe (SNI) were used in the control group. Following rinsing activation, two projection radiographs were performed and uploaded to software developed specifically for the study. The graphic files were evaluated in terms of the remaining amount of dressing. In order to analyse whether the percentage of the canal area that remained untreated was statistically significant, the Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA test with Dunn’s post-hoc test were employed. Results. The intracanal dressing was most effectively removed in the XP-endo Finisher group (in both projections 96.32% and 91.35%), and its removal was considerably better than that in the control group (p<0.0001), although not significantly different from the Brush-Finisher group (89.68% and 81.85%). Conclusions. Supplementary irrigant activation with either the XP-endo Finisher or the Brush-Finisher improved the removal of calcium hydroxide from the root canal walls.

Effect of Substrate Age and Adhesive Composition on Dentin Bonding

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Perdigão ◽  
Ana Sezinando ◽  
Paulo C Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Single Bond ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Adhesive Composition ◽  
Dentin Adhesives ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Substrate Age

SUMMARY Purpose To study the effect of dentin age and adhesive composition on the microtensile dentin bond strengths (μTBS) of five dentin adhesives. Materials and Methods Sixty extracted caries-free human teeth were assigned to the appropriate age group: less than 21 years of age (&lt;21), 21–40 years of age (21–40), and greater than 40 years of age (&gt;40). For each age group, specimens were randomly divided into five dentin adhesives: (1) Adper Easy Bond (EB, 3M ESPE), a one-step self-etch adhesive; (2) Experimental Adper Easy Bond without the Vitrebond Co-polymer (CP) (EBnoCP, 3M ESPE); (3) Adper Single Bond Plus (SB, 3M ESPE), a two-step etch&rinse adhesive; (4) Experimental Adper Single Bond Plus without CP (SBnoCP, 3M ESPE); and (5) Adper Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (MP, 3M ESPE), a three-step etch&rinse adhesive, as the control group. Specimens were sectioned in X and Y directions and the resulting beams were tested to failure in tension mode at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Statistical analysis was computed using t-test and two-way analysis of variance followed by Fisher least significant difference multiple comparison post hoc test at p &lt; 0.05. Results The highest mean μTBS values were obtained in the control group (MP) for all age groups. EB resulted in statistically similar mean μTBS compared to EBnoCP for all age groups: p = 0.538 for (&lt;21); p = 0.974 for (21–40); and p = 0.909 for (&gt;40). SB resulted in statistically higher mean μTBS than SBnoCP for all age groups [p&lt;0.009 for (&lt;21); p&lt;0.028 for (21–40); and p&lt;0.041 for (&gt;40)]. MP, the control group, resulted in statistically lower mean μTBS when applied to the oldest age group (&gt;40) compared to the youngest age group (&lt;21), at p &lt; 0.04. When means were pooled for the variable ‘age group,' SB resulted in significantly higher mean μTBS than SBnoCP at p &lt; 0.009, while EB resulted in statistically similar mean μTBS compared to EBnoCP (p=0.9). MP resulted in statistically higher mean μTBS than all other adhesives—SB (p&lt;0.0001), SBnoCP (p&lt;0.0001), EBnoCP (p&lt;0.022), and EB (p&lt;0.046). Conclusions The substrate age influenced the bonding ability of the three-step etch&rinse adhesive. The presence of a carboxylic-based polymer (CP) enhanced the bonding ability of the two-step etch&rinse adhesive.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Push-out Bond Strength of ProRoot MTA and Bio-dentine After Removal of Calcium Hydroxide and Triple Antibiotic Paste

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Fatih Tulumbacı ◽  
Merve Erkmen Almaz ◽  
Volkan Arıkan ◽  
Merve Safa Mutluay
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Triple Antibiotic Paste ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Prior Application ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Push Out

Aim: To evaluate the effect of calcium hydroxide (CH) and triple antibiotic paste (TAP), on the push-out bond strength of ProRoot MTA and Biodentine. Methodology: Root canals of 120 human teeth were instrumented using rotary files. To obtain a standard diameter of 1.5 mm,the roots were instrumented to a #6 Peeso reamer. The reamers were passed 1 mm beyond apex to simulate open apices. The roots were randomly assigned into following groups: Group 1: CH; Group 2: TAP; Group 3: no medicament (control). The medicaments were removed after 3 weeks. Thereafter, the specimens were divided into two subgroups according to the calcium silicate-based cement applied (n = 20): (i) ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Tulsa Dental, USA) and (ii) Biodentine (Septodont, France). Push-out test was performed, and the data were analysed statistically using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: In both MTA and Biodentine groups, pairwise comparisons between medicaments showed similar values to the control group (P > 0.05). Overall, there was a predominance of cohesive failures between root dentin and cements. Conclusion: Biodentine and ProRoot MTA showed similar bond strength values, and prior application of the TAP and CH did not affect the bond strength significantly.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Cytotoxicity of Diclofenac Sodium on L929 Fibroblasts - An in vitro Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 171-177
Author(s):  
Mulumoodi Rama Sowmya ◽  
P. Ajitha ◽  
S. Pradeep
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
L929 Fibroblast ◽  
Diphenyl Tetrazolium Bromide

The aim of the study is to evaluate comparatively the cytotoxicity of diclofenac sodium and calcium hydroxide on L929 fibroblasts. L929 fibroblast cells were cultured and grown on Dulbecco modified Eagle’s medium. Intracanal medicaments tested were Diclofenac sodium, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0 mM/ml) and calcium hydroxide. The human fibroblast cell lines cultured in Dulbecco Modified Eagle’s medium were used as control group. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The results showed that there was a significant difference in cell viability as compared with the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the group treated with diclofenac sodium and calcium hydroxide (1.0 mM/ml). However, diclofenac sodium at concentration more than 5 mM/ml was found to be cytotoxic. The study concludes that diclofenac sodium is cytotoxic at 5 mM/ml and above. Therefore, further studies are recommended to establish the antimicrobial efficacy of the medicament. Within the limitations of the study, Diclofenac sodium at concentration more than 5mM/ml was found to be cytotoxic for the cells. The inhibitory concentration (IC50) of Diclofenac sodium at which the cells were viable was found to be 5.2 mM/ml. Further studies should be done to establish the antimicrobial efficacy of the medicament at these concentrations.

scholarly journals Analgesic effect of preoperative intravenous administration of paracetamol on post-cesarean pain: A randomized clinical trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyyed Hamid Pakzad Moghadam ◽  
Masoud Pourparizi ◽  
Reza Goujani ◽  
Tayyebeh Mirzaei Khalilabadi ◽  
Ali Ravari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Intravenous Administration ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background: Pain control after every surgery, especially cesarean is very important, and physicians are striving to discover pain control methods using the least amount of opioid. Paracetamol is a non-opioid analgesic with few complications. The present study was aimed to investigate the analgesic effect of preoperative intravenous administration of paracetamol on post-cesarean pain. Methods: This randomized double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 240 pregnant women under spinal anesthesia who were candidate for elective cesarean. The patients’ weight, height, age and body mass index (BMI) were recorded, and patients were randomly divided into two equal groups (n=120). In the first group, 10 mg/kg paracetamol in 100cc normal saline (paracetamol group) and in the second group 100cc normal saline (control group) administered 15 minutes before surgery intravenously. Blood pressure, pulse rate, chills and nausea were recorded during and 1 hour after surgery, and pain visual analogue scale (VAS) and need for additional analgesic were recorded 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 hours after surgery. Results : The mean scores of pain were significantly lower in paracetamol group (4.01±2.22) than control group 6 hours (4.83±2.35) (p=0.008) and 24 hours (2.26±1.85 and 2.67±1.80 respectably) (p=0.038) after surgery. Mean meperidine consumed was lower in paracetamol group than control group but not significantly. No significant difference was found between the two groups in frequency of chills and nausea (p>0.05). Conclusions : Within the limitations of the current study, preoperative intravenous administration of paracetamol significantly reduced post-cesarean pain within 24 hours. Trial registration: The proposal of present study approved by the Research Council of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences with No. 841 on 2016-11-08 and by the ethics committee of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, with code IR.RUMS.REC.1395.115 on 2016-11-08 (prospectively registered), and approved by the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trial (IRCT) with code IRCT20150519022320N17 on 2019-01-18 (retrospectively registered). https://www.irct.ir

Clinical Impact of Co-medication of Levetiracetam and Clobazam with Proton Pump Inhibitors: A Drug Interaction Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-131
Author(s):  
Bhuvanachandra Pasupuleti ◽  
Vamshikrishna Gone ◽  
Ravali Baddam ◽  
Raj Kumar Venisetty ◽  
Om Prakash Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Cytochrome P 450

Background: Clobazam (CLBZ) metabolized primarily by Cytochrome P-450 isoenzyme CYP3A4 than with CYP2C19, Whereas Levetiracetam (LEV) is metabolized by hydrolysis of the acetamide group. Few CYP enzymes are inhibited by Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) Pantoprazole, Esomeprazole, and Rabeprazole in different extents that could affect drug concentrations in blood. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of these PPIs on the plasma concentrations of LEV and CLBZ. Methods: Blood samples from 542 patients were included out of which 343 were male and 199 were female patients and were categorized as control and test. Plasma samples analyzed using an HPLC-UV method. Plasma concentrations were measured and compared to those treated and those not treated with PPIs. One way ANOVA and games Howell post hoc test used by SPSS 20 software. Results: CLBZ concentrations were significantly 10 folds higher in patients treated with Pantoprazole (P=0.000) and 07 folds higher in patients treated with Esmoprazole and Rabeprazole (P=0.00). Whereas plasma concentration of LEV control group has no statistical and significant difference when compared to pantoprazole (P=0.546) and with rabeprazole and esomeprazole was P=0.999. Conclusion: The effect of comedication with PPIs on the plasma concentration of clobazam is more pronounced for pantoprazole to a greater extent when compared to esomeprazole and rabeprazole. When pantoprazole is used in combination with clobazam, dose reduction of clobazam should be considered, or significance of PPIs is seen to avoid adverse effects.

scholarly journals Biomechanical properties of the bone during implant placement

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ádám László Nagy ◽  
Zsolt Tóth ◽  
Tamás Tarjányi ◽  
Nándor Tamás Práger ◽  
Zoltán Lajos Baráth
Keyword(s):  
Bone Structure ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dynamic Tests ◽  
Bone Model ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract Background In this research the biomechanical properties of a bone model was examined. Porcine ribs are used as experimental model. The objective of this research was to investigate and compare the biomechanical properties of the bone model before and after implant placement. Methods The bone samples were divided in three groups, Group 1 where ALL-ON-FOUR protocol was used during pre-drilling and placing the implants, Group 2 where ALL-ON-FOUR protocol was used during pre-drilling, and implants were not placed, and Group 3 consisting of intact bones served as a control group. Static and dynamic loading was applied for examining the model samples. Kruskal–Wallis statistical test and as a post-hoc test Mann–Whitney U test was performed to analyze experimental results. Results According to the results of the static loading, there was no significant difference between the implanted and original ribs, however, the toughness values of the bones decreased largely on account of predrilling the bones. The analysis of dynamic fatigue measurements by Kruskal–Wallis test showed significant differences between the intact and predrilled bones. Conclusion The pre-drilled bone was much weaker in both static and dynamic tests than the natural or implanted specimens. According to the results of the dynamic tests and after a certain loading cycle the implanted samples behaved the same way as the control samples, which suggests that implantation have stabilized the skeletal bone structure.

An in Vivo Comparison of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Sodium Hypochlorite and Biopure MTAD™ against Enterococcus Faecalis in Primary Teeth: A qPCR Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
SG Tulsani ◽  
N Chikkanarasaiah ◽  
S Bethur
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Statistical Significant Difference ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Root Canal Irrigant

Objectives: Biopure MTAD™, a new root canal irrigant has shown promising results against the most common resistant microorganism, E. faecalis, in permanent teeth. However, there is lack of studies comparing its antimicrobial effectiveness with NaOCl in primary teeth. The purpose of this study was to compare the in vivo antimicrobial efficacy of NaOCl 2.5% and Biopure MTAD™ against E. faecalis in primary teeth. Study design: Forty non vital single rooted primary maxillary anterior teeth of children aged 4-8 years, were irrigated either with NaOCl 2.5% (n=15), Biopure MTAD™ (n=15) and 0.9% Saline (n=10, control group). Paper point samples were collected at baseline (S1) and after chemomechanical preparation (S2) during the pulpectomy procedure. The presence of E. faecalis in S1 & S2 was evaluated using Real time Polymerase Chain Reaction. Results: Statistical significant difference was found in the antimicrobial efficacy of NaOCl 2.5 % and BioPure MTAD™ when compared to saline (p&gt;0.05). However, no statistical significant difference was found between the efficacies of both the irrigants. Conclusions: NaOCl 2.5% and BioPure MTAD™, both irrigants are equally efficient against E. faecalis in necrotic primary anterior teeth. MTAD is a promising irrigant, however clinical studies are required to establish it as ideal root canal irrigant in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Coenzyme q10 is potentially usedto improve lipid profile in diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced periodontitis in the coastal area

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 07006
Author(s):  
Saryono Saryono ◽  
Hesti Devinta ◽  
Abdul Haris Budi Widodo ◽  
Arif Imam Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pap Method ◽  
Post Hoc

Contaminated water often affects the occurrence of periodontitis in the coastal area. The diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced periodontitis in Indonesia is very high. The use of coenzyme Q10 to treat this disease has never been investigated yet. Therefore, this study aimedto analyze the effect of coenzyme Q10 on the lipid profile of diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced periodontitis.Twenty four rats were randomized into 6 groups (G1-G6). The groups (G1-G3) are healthy, negative and positive control group respectively. The treatment groups (G4-G6) are diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced rats given coenzyme q10 dose of 13,5; 27 and 54 mg/kg respectively. Rats were induced by periodontitis, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes mellitus. Coenzyme Q10 was administered orally using 2 mL gastric tube once a day for 14 days. Lipid profile including triglycerides, HDL, and atherogenic index (IA) was measured enzymatically by the CHOD-PAP method. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test and followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) post hoc test.Coenzyme Q10 with a dose of 54 mg/kgis effective in lowering triglyceride, and atherogenic index and increasing HDL level in diabetic hyperlipidemia-induced periodontitis rats model. This research supports the potential effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation to improve lipid profile in diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced periodontitis in the coastal area.

scholarly journals The relationship between the expression of PLIN3 and PLIN5 protein flowing endurance training in streptozotocin rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 194-199
Author(s):  
Mahdi Ghafari ◽  
Ebrahim Banitalebi ◽  
Mohamad Faramarzi
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Intensity Training ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Intensity Training

Background and aims: Intermuscular lipolysis disorder plays an important role in insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus and perilipin PLIN5 and PLIN3 are the key proteins in regulating muscle cellular lipolysis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the expression of PLIN3 and PLIN5 protein following endurance training in streptozotocin (STZ) rats. Methods: A number of 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into low endurance training group (n = 8), high-intensity training group (n = 8), and control group (n = 8). Diabetes was induced in every rat by STZ injection. Three days after injection, the blood samples were taken from the cut tip of the tails of the mice and animals with blood glucose greater than 300 mg/dL were considered diabetic. The training program included eight weeks of aerobic training at different intensities. Training in high- and low-intensity groups included 22-25 and 5-8 m/min of training. Finally, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and correlation was used to determine the significance of the differences between variables, followed by utilizing Tukey’s post-hoc test for significance. Results: The comparison between the groups by ANOVA showed significant differences in PLIN3 (P=0.0006) and PLIN5 (P=0.012). The results of Tukey post hoc test also demonstrated a statistical difference between the mean values of diabetic control group and high-intensity endurance group regarding PLIN3 (P=0.01) and PLIN5 (P=0.009), but no significant increase was observed in the lowintensity exercise group as compared to the control group (PLIN3, P=0.067 & PLIN5, P=0.44). As regards insulin resistance, there was a significant difference among the three groups (P=0.0001). Eventually, the result of the correlation between PLIN3 and PLIN5 showed similar enhancement by increasing the intensity (P=0.0026). Conclusion: According to research results, high-intensity endurance training increased the expression of PLIN3 and PLIN5 in diabetic specimens and PLIN3 and PLIN5 followed a similar increase pattern in high-intensity training

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